Mandibular Buccal Bifurcation Cyst: Report of Two Cases.

Mandibular buccal bifurcation cyst is a rare inflammatory odontogenic cyst. We reported two cases who complained of painful swelling of extraoral soft tissue. Intraoral examination revealed the partially erupted mandibular first molar. Cone beam computed tomography showed a well-defined cystic lesion surrounding the first molar. Histopathologic images showed the cyst wall was infiltrated by a large number of plasma cells, neutrophils and eosinophils, and lined with a thin layer of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Finally, the two patients were diagnosed as mandibular buccal bifurcation cyst and treated with cyst enucleation and curettage.

A comparative proteomic analysis to define the influencing factors on gingival crevicular fluid using LC-MS/MS.

Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is a promising biofluid for disease identification and biomarker searching in periodontology. This study aimed to investigate the possible influencing factors, including tooth site, sex and age, on the normal GCF proteome. Forty periodontal healthy adults were randomly divided into a training group and a testing group. In the training group, GCF samples from 12 adults were analyzed using the iTRAQ 2D LC-MS/MS method. The influencing factors, tooth site (including periodontitis-susceptible and -insusceptible tooth sites), sex and age, and related differential proteins were defined and functionally annotated. The important differential proteins from 28 adults in the testing group were then validated by PRM analysis. An average of approximately 5 differential proteins were found between tooth sites of periodontitis-susceptible and -insusceptible sites. Eighty-five differentially expressed proteins were obtained between sexes in the young group, while only 7 sex-associated proteins were found in the old group. A total of 203 and 235 age-associated proteins were found in the male and female groups, respectively. The differential protein functional annotation showed that sex-related proteins were mainly related to immune function and metabolism, and age-related proteins were primarily associated with inflammation, lipid metabolism and immune function. In the testing group, a total of 4 sex-related proteins and 12 age-related proteins were validated by PRM analysis. SIGNIFICANCE: The influences of tooth site, sex and age in GCF proteomics in periodontal health were firstly analyzed using LC-MS/MS. Tooth site showed a small influence on the GCF proteome. The sex effect was significant in young adults, but its influence in old adults is small. Age is an important impact factor for the GCF proteome. These findings enrich the knowledge about the normal GCF proteome and might benefit future disease analyses.

Combined overexpression of cadherin 6, cadherin 11 and cluster of differentiation 44 is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a highly invasive lesion that frequently metastasizes to the cervical lymph nodes and is associated with a poor prognosis. Several adhesion factors, including cadherin 6 (CDH6), cadherin 11 (CDH11) and cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), have been reported to be involved in the invasion and metastasis of multiple types of cancer. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the expression of CDH6, CDH11 and CD44 in tumor tissues from patients with OSCC, and whether this was associated with the metastasis and survival of OSCC. The mRNA expression of the human tumor metastasis-related cytokines was examined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in OSCC tumors with or without lymph node metastasis (n=10/group). The expression of CDH6, CDH11 and CD44 in 101 OSCC and 10 normal oral mucosa samples was examined by immunohistochemical staining. The association between overall and disease-specific survival times of patients with OSCC and the expression of these three proteins was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test. RT-qPCR results indicated that the mRNA expression of CDH6, CDH11 and CD44 was increased in OSCC patients with lymph node metastasis (2.93-, 2.01- and 1.92-fold; P<0.05). Overexpression of CDH6, CDH11 and CD44 was observed in 31/35 (89%), 25/35 (71%) and 31/35 (89%) patients, respectively. The number of OSCC patients with lymph node metastasis exhibiting CDH6, CDH11 and CD44 overexpression was significantly higher than the number of patients without lymph node metastasis exhibiting overexpression of these proteins (P=0.017, P=0.038 and P=0.007, respectively). OSCC patients with high co-expression of CDH6, CDH11 and CD44 exhibited lower disease-specific survival times (P=0.047; χ2=3.933) when compared with OSCC patients with low co-expression of these adhesion factors. CDH6, CDH11 and CD44 serve important roles in OSCC metastasis and the combined use of these factors as biomarkers may improve the accuracy of the prediction of cancer metastases and prognosis.