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1.
Haematologica ; 109(7): 2092-2110, 2024 Jul 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38385270

RESUMEN

t(1;19)(q23;p13) is one of the most common translocation genes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and is also present in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL). This translocation results in the formation of the oncogenic E2A-PBX1 fusion protein, which contains a trans-activating domain from E2A and a DNA-binding homologous domain from PBX1. Despite its clear oncogenic potential, the pathogenesis of E2A-PBX1 fusion protein is not fully understood (especially in leukemias other than ALL), and effective targeted clinical therapies have not been developed. To address this, we established a stable and heritable zebrafish line expressing human E2A-PBX1 (hE2A-PBX1) for high-throughput drug screening. Blood phenotype analysis showed that hE2A-PBX1 expression induced myeloid hyperplasia by increasing myeloid differentiation propensity of hematopoietic stem cells (HSPC) and myeloid proliferation in larvae, and progressed to AML in adults. Mechanistic studies revealed that hE2A-PBX1 activated the TNF/IL-17/MAPK signaling pathway in blood cells and induced myeloid hyperplasia by upregulating the expression of runx1. Interestingly, through high-throughput drug screening, three small molecules targeting the TNF/IL-17/MAPK signaling pathway were identified, including OUL35, KJ-Pyr-9, and CID44216842, which not only alleviated the hE2A-PBX1-induced myeloid hyperplasia in zebrafish but also inhibited the growth and oncogenicity of human pre-B ALL cells with E2A-PBX1. Overall, this study provides a novel hE2APBX1 transgenic zebrafish leukemia model and identifies potential targeted therapeutic drugs, which may offer new insights into the treatment of E2A-PBX1 leukemia.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Fusión Oncogénica , Pez Cebra , Animales , Humanos , Proteínas de Fusión Oncogénica/genética , Proteínas de Fusión Oncogénica/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas/efectos de los fármacos , Animales Modificados Genéticamente , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Leucemia/genética , Leucemia/metabolismo , Leucemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Leucemia/patología , Proteínas de Pez Cebra/genética , Proteínas de Pez Cebra/metabolismo , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genética , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/tratamiento farmacológico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/metabolismo , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/patología , Proteínas de Homeodominio
2.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf ; 279: 116479, 2024 Jul 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38768539

RESUMEN

The concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soils of different land-use types varies depending on climatic conditions and human. Topsoil samples were collected in Northwest China to investigate PTE pollution and risk in different land uses, and thereby estimate the risk of various pollution sources. The results showed that human activity had an impact on PTE concentrations in the study area across all land use types, with farmland, grassland, woodland, and the gobi at moderate pollution levels and the desert at light pollution levels. Different PTE sources pose different risks depending on the land-use type. Apart from deserts, children are exposed to carcinogenic risk from a variety of sources. A mixed natural and agricultural source was the main source of public health risk in the study area, contributing 38.7% and 39.0% of the non-carcinogenic and 40.7% and 35.5% of the carcinogenic risks, respectively. Monte Carlo simulations showed children were at a higher health risk from PTEs than adult s under all land uses, which ranked in severity as farmland > woodland > grassland > gobi > desert. As and Ni has a higher probability of posing both a non-carcinogenic and a carcinogenic risk to children. Sensitivity analysis showed that the contribution of parameters to the assessment model of PTEs exhibited the following contribution pattern: concentration > average body weight > ingestion rate > other parameters. The PTEs affecting the risk assessment model were not common among different land use types, where the importance distribution pattern of each parameter was basically the same in woodland, grassland, and farmland, and Ni contributed the most to carcinogenic risk. However, Cr contributed the most to the carcinogenic risk in the desert and gobi.


Asunto(s)
Monitoreo del Ambiente , Método de Montecarlo , Contaminantes del Suelo , Suelo , China , Medición de Riesgo , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , Humanos , Suelo/química , Agricultura , Niño , Granjas , Clima Desértico , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/estadística & datos numéricos , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/análisis
3.
J Environ Manage ; 348: 119387, 2023 Dec 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37879174

RESUMEN

Labile organic carbon (LOC) input strongly affects soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics, including gains and losses. However, it is unclear how redox fluctuations regulate these processes of SOM decomposition and formation induced by LOC input. The objective of this study was to explore the impacts of LOC input on SOM turnover under different redox conditions. Soil samples were collected in a subtropical forest. A single pulse of 13C-labeled glucose (i.e., LOC) was applied to the soil. Soil samples were incubated for 40 days under three redox treatments, including aerobic, anoxic, and 10-day aerobic followed by 10-day anoxic conditions. Results showed that LOC input affected soil priming and 13C-SOM accumulation differently under distinct redox conditions by altering the activities of various microorganisms. 13C-PLFAs (phospholipid fatty acids) were analyzed to determine the role of microbial groups in SOM turnover. Increased activities of fungi and gram-positive bacteria (i.e., the K-strategists) by LOC input could ingest metabolites or residues of the r-strategists (e.g., gram-negative bacteria) to result in positive priming. Fungi could use gram-negative bacteria to stimulate priming intensity via microbial turnover in aerobic conditions first. Reduced activities of K-strategists as a result of the aerobic to anoxic transition decreased priming intensity. The difference in LOC retention in SOM under different redox conditions was mainly attributable to 13C-particulate organic carbon (13C-POC) accumulation. Under aerobic conditions, fungi and gram-positive bacteria used derivatives from gram-negative bacteria to reduce newly formed POC. However, anoxic conditions were not conducive to the uptake of gram-negative bacteria by fungi and gram-positive bacteria, favoring SOM retention. This work indicated that redox-regulated microbial activities can control SOM decomposition and formation induced by LOC input. It is extremely valuable for understanding the contribution of soil affected by redox fluctuations to the carbon cycle.


Asunto(s)
Microbiología del Suelo , Suelo , Suelo/química , Bosques , Carbono/química , Oxidación-Reducción , Hongos/metabolismo
4.
J Environ Manage ; 335: 117543, 2023 Jun 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36848808

RESUMEN

The rapid development of the social economy has promoted a continuous increase in the intensity and scale of land use by humans, which has seriously affected the sustainable development of the region. It is important to understand the land use/cover change (LUCC) in the arid region and its future development trends and to make reasonable planning recommendations for the sustainable development of the ecological environment. This study validates the patch-generating land use simulation (PLUS) model in a typical arid region, the Shiyang River Basin (SRB), and analyzes the applicability of the model in arid regions. On this basis, the PLUS model is combined with the scenario analysis method to design four scenarios including no policy intervention, farmland protection, ecological protection and sustainable development to analyze the dynamic changes in past and future land use in the SRB and to make corresponding planning recommendations for the development of each type of land use in the arid region. The results showed that the PLUS model had a better simulation effect in the SRB (its overall accuracy reached 0.97). Coupled models obtain better simulation results than quantitative and spatial models by comparing the mainstream models, with PLUS model that combines CA model and patch generation strategy showing better simulation results in the same category. From 1987 to 2017, the spatial centroid of each LUCC in the SRB moved to varying degrees due to a continuous increase in human activities. The spatial centroid of water bodies had the most obvious change, with a moving speed of 1.49 km/a, while the moving speed of built-up land increased year by year. The spatial centroid of farmland, built-up land and unused land all shifted toward the middle and lower plains, which is a further indication of increased human activity. Due to different government policies, the development trend of land use was also different under different scenarios. However, the four scenarios all showed that the area of built-up land will be increasing exponentially from 2017 to 2037, which would seriously affect the surrounding ecological land and have a negative impact on the local agro-ecological environment. Therefore, we proposed the following planning recommendations: (1) Land leveling work should be carried out on scattered farmland located at high altitudes and with slopes over 25°. Additionally, the land use of low-altitude areas should strictly adhere to basic farmland, increase the diversification of cropping patterns and improve the efficiency of agricultural water. (2) The relationship between ecology, farmland and cities should be reasonably coordinated and the existing idle built-up land should be efficiently used. (3) Forestland and grassland resources should be strictly protected and the ecological redline should be strictly observed. This study can provide new ideas for LUCC modeling and prediction in other parts of the world and provide a strong basis for ecological management and sustainable development in arid areas.


Asunto(s)
Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , Bosques , Humanos , Ciudades , Simulación por Computador , Agricultura , China , Ecosistema
5.
Anticancer Drugs ; 33(4): 323-334, 2022 04 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35266884

RESUMEN

The key regulatory roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in human diseases have been demonstrated, including breast cancer (BC). The purpose of this study is to explore the role of circ_0102273, a newly discovered circRNA, in BC progression. The expression levels of circ_0102273, microRNA (miR)-1236-3p and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were measured using colony formation assay, EdU staining, wound healing assay and transwell assay. Glucose consumption, lactate production and ATP level were detected to evaluate cell glycolysis. The interaction between miR-1236-3p and circ_0102273 or PFKFB3 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay. Additionally, western blot analysis was utilized for measuring PFKFB3 protein expression. In-vivo experiments were performed to further explore the function of circ_0102273 in BC tumorigenesis. Our data showed that circ_0102273 was highly expressed in BC tumor tissues and cells, and its downregulation could inhibit BC cell proliferation, metastasis and glycolysis. MiR-1236-3p was confirmed to be sponged by circ_0102273, and its inhibitor could reverse the negative regulation of sh-circ_0102273 on BC cell proliferation, metastasis and glycolysis. PFKFB3 could be targeted by miR-1236-3p, and its expression could be positively regulated by circ_0102273. In addition, miR-1236-3p could suppress BC cell proliferation, metastasis and glycolysis, while this effect could be abolished by PFKFB3. Furthermore, circ_0102273 knockdown also had been discovered to reduce BC tumorigenesis in vivo. In summary, our research proposed that circ_0102273 might be a potential target for BC treatment, which could inhibit BC proliferation, metastasis and glycolysis through the miR-1236-3p/PFKFB3 axis.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama , MicroARNs , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Carcinogénesis , Proliferación Celular/genética , Femenino , Glucólisis , Humanos , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Fosfofructoquinasa-2/genética , Fosfofructoquinasa-2/metabolismo , ARN Circular/genética
6.
J Environ Manage ; 307: 114513, 2022 Apr 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35091244

RESUMEN

Currently, the contradiction between the limited resources of China's cultivated ecosystems and population growth is becoming increasingly evident, and the negative impacts on the environment and human activities need to be curbed. Therefore, it is crucial to quantify the sustainability of cultivated ecosystems and determine these driving factors that affect their development. This study used the emergy method to quantify the input/output flow and sustainable development of the cultivated land ecosystem in Longnan City, combined with the logarithmic mean divisia index decomposition analysis (LMDI) method to evaluate the driving factors of sustainable development in the region. The results demonstrate that from 2004 to 2017, the total emergy input and output of Longnan City showed an upward trend, and non-renewable resources (N) were always in a dominant state in the total emergy (T) input, and their proportion rose from 59.69% to 66.92%. The emergy sustainability index (ESI) is less than 1, and the environmental pressure of the system is relatively higher. Comprehensive emergy production ratio (EPR), emergy investment ratio (EIR), the renewable fraction (R%), emergy yield ratio (EYR) and environmental load ratio (ELR), showed that the agricultural ecological economy in Longnan still has great development potential, and clean energy should be developed as far as possible to replace fossil fuels in future planning. LMDI results showed that the intensity factor ΔY'A is the main driving factor for the positive development of ESI. The government's ecological protection requirements can reduce waste emissions through reasonable farming system and advocating the use of organic fertilizer, so as to achieve the purpose of improving crop yield. Vigorous development of green ecological agricultural production patterns can improve the sustainability of arable ecosystems. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of cultivated ecosystems and the formulation of related agricultural production measures.


Asunto(s)
Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , Ecosistema , Agricultura , China , Ciudades , Humanos
7.
J Environ Manage ; 269: 110791, 2020 Sep 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32561004

RESUMEN

Air pollution events occur frequently in northwest China, which results in serious detrimental effects on human health. Therefore, it is essential to understand the air pollution characteristics and assess the risks to humans. In this study, we analyzed the pollution characteristics of criteria pollutants in six key cities in northwest China from 2015 to 2018. We used the air quality index (AQI), aggregate AQI (AAQI), and health-risk based AQI (HAQI) to assess the health risks and determine the proportion of people exposed to air pollution. Additionally, on this basis, the AirQ2.2.3 model was used to quantify the health effects of the pollutants. The results showed that PM10 pollution occurred mainly in spring and winter and was caused by frequent dust storms. PM2.5 pollution was caused mainly by anthropogenic activities (especially coal-fired heating in winter). Because of a series of government policies and pollutant reduction measures, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and CO concentrations showed a downward trend during the study period (except for a small increase in the case of NO2 in some years.). However, O3 showed high concentrations due to the high intensity of solar radiation in summer and inadequate emission reduction measures. The air quality levels based on their classification were generally higher than the Chinese ambient air quality standard classified by the AQI index. We also found that the higher the AQI index was, the more serious the air pollution classified based on the AAQI and HAQI indices was. The HAQI index could better reflect the impact of pollutants on human health. Based on the HAQI index, 20% of the population in the study area was exposed to polluted air. The total mortality values attributable to PM10, PM2.5, SO2, O3, NO2, and CO, quantified by the AirQ2.2.3 model, were 3.00%, 1.02%, 1.00%, 4.22%, 1.57%, and 0.95% (Confidence Interval:95%), respectively; the attributable proportions of mortality for respiratory system and cardiovascular diseases were consistent with the change rule of total mortality, because the number of deaths attributable to the latter was greater than that for the former. According to the exposure reaction curves of pollutants, PM10 and PM2.5 still showed a large change at high concentrations. However, the tendencies of SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 were more obvious under low concentration exposure, which indicated that the expected mortality rate due to lower air pollution concentrations was much higher than the mortality due to high air pollution concentrations.


Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Atmosféricos , Contaminación del Aire , China , Ciudades , Humanos , Material Particulado
8.
J Environ Manage ; 222: 95-103, 2018 Sep 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29804037

RESUMEN

PM10 and PM2.5 concentration data were collected from five air-quality monitoring sites in Lanzhou from October 2014 to October 2015, revealing the spatial-temporal behavior of local particulate matter (PM). The Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT) and the PM2.5-to-PM10 ratio model were used to investigate the primary transport path, potential source areas and contributions of the East Asian sandstorm to PM in Lanzhou. The analysis in three functional areas of the city indicated that the monthly variation in PM2.5 displayed a unimodal U pattern (the highest value was during the heating period), whereas that of PM10 displayed a bimodal pattern (the primary peak appeared in the spring, and the secondary peak appeared in the winter). These two patterns originated from different PM sources. The PM2.5 was primarily affected by human activities, and the PM10 was influenced by both natural and anthropogenic activities, but the relative contributions of these activities were associated with spatial-temporal variations. The daily PM10 and PM2.5 concentration variations displayed a bimodal pattern in the three functional areas: the peak values appeared at 11:00-13:00 and 22:00-1:00, respectively, and the lowest values appeared at 4:00-6:00 and 16:00-18:00, respectively. On the monthly, seasonal and daily scales, the PM concentrations exhibited similar patterns in the industrial, urban and rural areas, indicating that they were partly controlled by the regional natural environment. Meanwhile, due to anthropogenic factors, considerable PM amounts were discharged into the external environment, leading to maximum and minimum concentrations of PM appearing in the industrial and rural areas, respectively. The HYSPLIT model showed that dust storms from the northwest desert and Gobi regions affected Lanzhou three times in March 2015 and contributed 68% and 40% of the total mass of PM10 and PM2.5, respectively.


Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Atmosféricos , Ciudades , Monitoreo del Ambiente , China , Polvo , Humanos , Minerales , Tamaño de la Partícula , Material Particulado , Estaciones del Año
9.
Environ Sci Technol ; 48(17): 10482-8, 2014 Sep 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25111871

RESUMEN

Methanogenesis inhibition is essential for the improvement of hydrogen (H2) yield and energy recovery in the microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). In this study, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation was proposed as an efficient method for methanogenesis control in a single chamber MEC. With 30 cycles of operation with UV irradiation in the MEC, high H2 concentrations (>91%) were maintained, while without UV irradiation, CH4 concentrations increased significantly and reached up to 94%. In the MEC, H2 yields ranged from 2.87 ± 0.03 to 3.70 ± 0.11 mol H2/mol acetate with UV irradiation and from 3.78 ± 0.12 to 0.03 ± 0.004 mol H2/mol acetate without UV irradiation. Average energy efficiencies from the UV-irradiated MEC were 1.5 times of those without UV irradiation. Energy production from the MEC without UV irradiation was a negative energy yield process because of large amount of CH4 produced over time, which was mainly attributable to cathodic hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. Our results clearly showed that UV irradiation could effectively inhibit methanogenesis and improve MEC performance to produce H2.


Asunto(s)
Fuentes de Energía Bioeléctrica , Electrólisis , Hidrógeno/metabolismo , Metano/biosíntesis , Rayos Ultravioleta , Acetatos/metabolismo , Bacterias/crecimiento & desarrollo , Bacterias/efectos de la radiación , Biocombustibles/microbiología , Biomasa , Dióxido de Carbono/metabolismo , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Electricidad , Electrodos
10.
Sci Total Environ ; 916: 170332, 2024 Mar 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38266726

RESUMEN

Sulfamethoxazole is a representative of sulfonamide antibiotic pollutants. This study aims to investigate the degradation pathways of sulfamethoxazole and the response of microbial communities using the autotrophic biocathode in microbial photo-electrolysis systems (MPESs). Sulfamethoxazole with an initial concentration of 2 mg L-1 was degraded into small molecule propanol within 6 h with the biocathode. Elemental sulfur (S0) was detected in the cathode chamber, accounting for 57 % of the removed sulfate. The conversion from sulfate to S0 indicated that autotrophic microorganisms might adopt a novel pathway for sulfamethoxazole removal in the MPES. In the abiotic cathode, sulfamethoxazole degradation rate was 0.09 mg L-1 h-1 with the electrochemistry process. However, sulfamethoxazole was converted to products that still contain benzene rings, including p-aminothiophenol, 3-amino-5-methylisoxazole, and sulfonamide. The microbial community analysis indicated that the synergistic interaction of Desulfovibrio and Acetobacterium promoted the autotrophic degradation of sulfamethoxazole. The results suggested that autotrophic microorganisms may play an important role in the environmental transformation of sulfamethoxazole.


Asunto(s)
Sulfametoxazol , Sulfatos , Sulfatos/química , Oxidación-Reducción , Electrólisis , Antibacterianos , Sulfanilamida , Óxidos de Azufre , Electrodos
11.
Sci Total Environ ; 919: 170878, 2024 Apr 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38360306

RESUMEN

Climate changes and human activities have led to a rise of frequency and intensity of the global flash droughts, resulting in severe consequences for ecosystems, agriculture, and human societies. However, research dedicated to flash droughts in the dryland of western China is relatively limited, leaving their evolutionary characteristics and development processes of these phenomena unclear. To bridge this gap, this study analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of flash droughts in western China from 1981 to 2020, based on the standardized evapotranspiration stress index. Additionally, we investigated the development mechanisms by taking meteorological conditions and soil moisture into account. The findings revealed that the northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, western Qilian Mountains, and western and southern Loess Plateau are hotspots of flash droughts, characterized by rapid development rates. Across most of the study area, flash drought events persisted between 25 and 30 days. Adequate precipitation is necessary before the onset of flash droughts in western China, while water scarcity and high temperatures played crucial roles in driving the mid-stage of flash droughts. Within the context of the observed "warming and wetting" trend, the average flash droughts occurrence from 2011 to 2020 was approximately 16 % lower than that from 1981 to 1990, and there was a significant annual decrease in spatial coverage of 0.01 % per year. However, in the "wetting in west, drying in east" trend, the spatial coverage of flash droughts has shifted from a declining trend to an insignificant increasing trend since 2000 in the study area, with significant regional differences between the western and eastern regions. Over the past decade, flash droughts had once again intensified in the central Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Loess Plateau due to warming and fluctuating wetting trends, raising significant concerns for future ecosystem and agricultural water management in these regions.

12.
Water Res ; 252: 121212, 2024 Mar 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38320394

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to investigate the removal of metronidazole (MNZ) from seawater using a bioelectrochemical system (BES). Single-chamber BES (i.e., S-BES) and dual-chamber BES (i.e., D-BES) were constructed with carbon brush as the anode and cathode. With the inoculum of sea mud and 2 g/L of glucose as the substrate in seawater, S-BES and D-BES were acclimated to test the MNZ removal. Results showed that S-BES could remove almost 100 % of 200 mg/L MNZ within 120 h and remain stable within 10 cycles of operation (∼50 d) under the applied voltage of 0.8 V. The MNZ removal reached ∼100 % and 60.2 % in the cathodic and anodic chambers of D-BES fed by 100 mg/L MNZ under 0.8 V, respectively. The MNZ concentration of 200 mg/L significantly inhibited the sulfur metabolism, decreased the ratio of live to dead cells in the electrode biofilms, and thus reduced the SO42- removal in the S-BES. The MNZ degradation and S2- oxidation was mainly attributed to the cathodic and anodic biofilms of S-BES, respectively. Three degradation pathways of MNZ were proposed based on the identified intermediates and results of density functional theory calculations. The synergies among different genus species in the bacterial communities of biofilms, and between anodic and cathodic reactions could be responsible for the high performance of S-BES. Results from this study should be not only useful for the MNZ removal but also for effective MNZ inhibition of sulfate-reducing bacteria induced microbiologically influenced corrosion in seawater.


Asunto(s)
Ácidos Alcanesulfónicos , Bacterias , Metronidazol , Oxidación-Reducción , Electrodos , Agua de Mar
13.
J Genet Genomics ; 2024 Apr 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38570112

RESUMEN

The hindbrain, which develops from the anterior end of the neural tube expansion, can differentiate into the metencephalon and myelencephalon, with varying sizes and functions. The midbrain-hindbrain boundary (MHB) and hindbrain myelencephalon/ventral midline (HMVM) are known to be the source of the progenitors for the anterior hindbrain and myelencephalon, respectively. However, the molecular networks regulating hindbrain morphogenesis in these structures remain unclear. In this study, we show that retinoblastoma 1 (rb1) is highly expressed at the MHB and HMVM in zebrafish. Knocking out rb1 in mice and zebrafish results in an enlarged hindbrain due to hindbrain neuronal hyperproliferation. Further study reveals that Rb1 controls the hindbrain morphogenesis by suppressing the expression of Gbx1/Gbx2, essential transcription factors for hindbrain development, through its binding to E2f3/Hdac1, respectively. Interestingly, we find that Gbx1 and Gbx2 are expressed in different types of hindbrain neurons, suggesting distinct roles in hindbrain morphogenesis. In summary, our study clarifies the specific role of RB1 in hindbrain neural cell proliferation and morphogenesis by regulating the E2f3-Gbx1 axis and the Hdac1-Gbx2 axis. These findings provide a research paradigm for exploring the differential proliferation of neurons in various brain regions.

14.
Hepatogastroenterology ; 60(127): 1809-13, 2013 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24624454

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To investigate the effect of miR-18a on angiogenesis in gastric cancer. METHODOLOGY: We generated stable cell lines overexpressing miR-18a in SGC-7901 cells. Cell proliferation was assessed by the MTT assay. The effects of miR-18a overexpression on tumor growth and angiogenesis were assessed. Because of the key role of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in gastric cancer progression, we also tested whether miR-18a overexpression affected the mTOR pathway. RESULTS: Ectopic expression of miR-18a significantly diminished cell proliferation in SGC-7901 cells (p<0.01). miR-18a overexpression significantly retarded SGC-7901 xenograft growth by 71.8% in vivo, and caused a marked reduction in tumor angiogenesis assessed by CD31-stained microvessel count. Western blot analysis of the xenografts showed that miR-18a overexpression substantially reduced the phosphorylation of two mTOR substrates, S6K1 and 4E-BPl, indicative of art inactivation of the mTOR pathway. Accompanying with the mTOR inactivation, the angiogenic factors, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor, were significantly downregulated. CONCLUSIONS: These data highlighted an important role for miR-18a in controlling gastric cancer growth and angiogenesis, therefore offering a possible therapeutic strategy against this malignancy.


Asunto(s)
MicroARNs/metabolismo , Neovascularización Patológica , Neoplasias Gástricas/irrigación sanguínea , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/metabolismo , Animales , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Humanos , Subunidad alfa del Factor 1 Inducible por Hipoxia/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Desnudos , Fosfoproteínas/metabolismo , Fosforilación , Molécula-1 de Adhesión Celular Endotelial de Plaqueta/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinasas S6 Ribosómicas 70-kDa/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/patología , Serina-Treonina Quinasas TOR/metabolismo , Factores de Tiempo , Transfección , Carga Tumoral , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/metabolismo
15.
Waste Manag ; 171: 173-183, 2023 Aug 31.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37660630

RESUMEN

Hydrogen production from food waste is of great significance for energy conversion and pollution control. The aim of this study was to investigate the glucose fermentation from food waste and hydrogen (H2) production in the single-chamber microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) under hyperalkaline conditions. Single-chamber MECs were tested with 1 g/L glucose as substrate under different pH values (i.e., 7.0, 9.5, and 11.2) and applied voltages (i.e., 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 V). With pH increase from 7.0 to 11.2, H2 production with methanogenesis inhibition was significantly improved in the MEC. At pH of 11.2, the maximum current density reached 180 ± 9 A/m3 with the H2 purity of 93.3 ± 1.2% and average H2 yield of 7.72 ± 0.23 mol H2/ mol glucose under 1.6 V. Acetate from glucose fermentation was the largest electron sink within 12 h. Methanobacterium alcaliphilum dominated the archaeal communities with the relative abundance of > 99.0% in the cathodic biofilms. The microbial communities and mcr A gene copy numbers analyses showed that high pH enhanced the acetate production from glucose fermentation, inhibited syntrophic acetate-oxidizing with hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis in the anodic biofilms, and inhibited hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis in the cathodic biofilms. Our results of hyperalkaline conditions provide a feasible way to harvest H2 efficiently from fermentable substrates in the single-chamber MEC.

16.
Sci Total Environ ; 857(Pt 3): 159543, 2023 Jan 20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36272483

RESUMEN

In recent years, heavy metal contamination of soils has been increasing, posing a major threat to food security, human health, and soil ecosystems. This study analyzed the spatial characteristics, contamination sources, risks of heavy metals by collecting topsoil samples from farmland in an oasis agricultural region in northwest China. The results found that soil heavy metals in farmland were at a moderate contamination level. The PMF model classifies soil heavy metals as fertilizer and pesticide sources dominated by As and Mn with 27.8 %, mixed sources of transport and agricultural sources dominated by Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb with 26.9 %, metal processing sources dominated by Cr and Ni with 22.6 %, and the combined pollution sources of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, As, Pb dominated by natural sources and fuel combustion. The noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks values from the ingestion route were higher for children than for adults. The non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals to adults in the southwestern and central regions of the study area was >1 × 10-4. The carcinogenic risk was >1 in all adults, but >1 in children in the central and southwestern study areas. Monte Carlo simulation takes into account the parameters and their distributions that affect the health risk assessment model by combining the uncertainty assessment with the health risk, which will reduce the uncertainty of the health risk assessment. The results showed that conventional deterministic risk assessment may overestimate health risk outcomes. In addition, As has a 1.85 % probability of non-carcinogenic risk to children, and an 85.3 % probability of total non-carcinogenic risk for children for all heavy metals. 69.5 % and 11.4 % probability of carcinogenic risk for children and adults respectively for Ni, and 96.4 % and 52.1 % probability of total carcinogenic risk, suggesting that Ni is a priority control heavy metal.


Asunto(s)
Metales Pesados , Contaminantes del Suelo , Adulto , Niño , Humanos , Suelo , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , Método de Montecarlo , Ecosistema , Plomo , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Metales Pesados/análisis , Medición de Riesgo , Carcinógenos/análisis , China
17.
Arch Med Sci ; 19(5): 1472-1478, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37732051

RESUMEN

Introduction: One of the plants that has long been considered by humans is Equisetum arvense L. Equisetum arvense L is now recommended for external use to heal wounds and for internal use to relieve urinary tract and prostate disorders. In the current study, the antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and anti-human lung cancer properties of Equisetum arvense were investigated in in vitro conditions. Material and methods: Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, radical scavenging activity, and ferrous ion chelating were assessed to evaluate the antioxidant activity. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was chosen to investigate anticancer activity of the plant extract. Results: The plant extract scavenged 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as a free radical with an IC50 of 12.3 ±0.7 µg/ml better than positive controls. The plant was also rich in phenolic compounds with an amount of 396.2 ±3.2 mg GAE/g for total phenolic content. In the MTT assay, human colorectal carcinoma (HCT-8 [HRT-18], Ramos.2G6.4C10, HT-29, and HCT 116) and normal cell lines (HUVEC) were used to study the cytotoxicity and anticancer potential of Equisetum arvense L against human colorectal cancer. Conclusions: The cell viability of Equisetum arvense L was very low against human colorectal carcinoma cell lines without any cytotoxicity towards the normal (HUVEC) cell line. The best anti-human colorectal carcinoma properties of Equisetum arvense L against the above cell lines were observed in the case of the HT 29 cell line.

18.
Sci Total Environ ; 836: 155724, 2022 Aug 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35523344

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to investigate the ecological role of quorum-sensing signaling molecule on the autotrophic biocathode for CO2 reduction and acetate synthesis. As a typical quorum-sensing signaling molecule, N-Hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C6HSL) was used to regulate the construction of cathode biofilm. Results showed that the maximum acetate production from CO2 reduction improved by 94.8%, and the maximum Faraday efficiency of the microbial electrosynthesis system enhanced by 71.7%, with the regulation of C6HSL. Electrochemical analyses indicated that higher electrochemical activity and lower charge resistance of biocathode were obtained with C6HSL than without C6HSL. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and electron inhibitor experiment suggested that exogenous C6HSL increased living biomass in the biofilm and facilitated the electron transfer pathway related to NADH dehydrogenase-CoQ and proton motive force. With the C6HSL regulation, the relative abundance of hydrogen producers (e.g., Desulfovibrio and Desulfomicrobium) increased, contributing to the improved performance of autotrophic biocathode.


Asunto(s)
Dióxido de Carbono , Percepción de Quorum , 4-Butirolactona/análogos & derivados , Acetatos/química , Dióxido de Carbono/química
19.
Sci Total Environ ; 833: 155190, 2022 Aug 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35421490

RESUMEN

This study aimed to reveal the synergistic effect of bioanode and biocathode on nitrobenzene (NB) removal with different microbial community structures and functions. Single-chamber bioelectrochemical reactors were constructed and operated with different initial concentrations of NB and glucose as the substrate. With the synergistic effect of biocathode and bioanode, NB was completely removed within 8 h at a kinetic rate constant of 0.8256 h-1, and high conversion rate from NB to AN (92%) was achieved within 18 h. The kinetic rate constant of NB removal was linearly correlated with the maximum current density and total coulombs (R2 > 0.95). Increase of glucose and NB concentrations had significantly positive and negative effects, respectively, on the NB removal kinetics (R2 > 0.97 and R2 > 0.93, respectively). Geobacter sp. and Enterococcus sp. dominated in the bioanode and biocathode, respectively. The presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in the bioanode was beneficial for Geobacter species to produce electricity and to alleviate the NB inhibition. As one of the dominant species at the biocathode, Methanobacterium formicicum has the ability of nitroaromatics degradation according to KEGG analysis, which played a crucial role for NB reduction. Fermentative bacteria converted glucose into volatile fatty acids or H2, to provide energy sources to other species (e.g., Geobacter sulfurreducens and Methanobacterium formicicum). The information from this study is useful to optimize the bioelectrocatalytic system for nitroaromatic compound removal.


Asunto(s)
Fuentes de Energía Bioeléctrica , Microbiota , Electricidad , Electrodos , Glucosa , Nitrobencenos/metabolismo
20.
Sci Total Environ ; 827: 154254, 2022 Jun 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35248639

RESUMEN

The study on the distribution of soil available nutrients and their response to the natural environment can provide valuable data and theoretical guidance for supporting human agricultural activities, especially in arid and semi-arid area where the ecological environment is extremely fragile. Based on the soil sampling and survey data set, this study established the path analysis model of SANs (soil available nutrients, including ammonium nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK)) with topography, climate and vegetation in order to explore how environmental factors interact to affect the content of SANs. Then, we combined Pearson correlation analysis and statistical analysis to explore the distribution of SANs under different environmental conditions and the response of vegetation growth to climate changes, in order to further reveal the availability of soil nutrients. The results showed that vegetation was the most important direct factor affecting AN and AP, and AK was the most sensitive to climate changes. The indirect effects of topography and climate on SANs were much greater than their direct effects. Elevation largely predicted the change of climate environment, and the regional climate directly controlled the growth of vegetation. These indirect effects strengthened the connection between topography as well as climate factors and SANs. It is worth noting that the response of vegetation to temperature and precipitation had time lag, which would have a certain impact on the content of SANs response to the environmental changes. This study is of great significance for improved understanding of soil nutrients supply and how ecosystems respond to soil nutrients availability in arid and semi-arid area.


Asunto(s)
Ecosistema , Suelo , China , Humanos , Nitrógeno , Nutrientes , Fósforo , Microbiología del Suelo
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