RESUMEN
Background: Soil animal communities include more than 40 higher-order taxa, representing over 23% of all described species. These animals have a wide range of feeding sources and contribute to several important soil functions and ecosystem services. Although many studies have assessed macroinvertebrate communities in Brazil, few of them have been published in journals and even fewer have made the data openly available for consultation and further use. As part of ongoing efforts to synthesise the global soil macrofauna communities and to increase the amount of openly-accessible data in GBIF and other repositories related to soil biodiversity, the present paper provides links to 29 soil macroinvertebrate datasets covering 42 soil fauna taxa, collected in various land-use systems in Brazil. A total of 83,085 georeferenced occurrences of these taxa are presented, based on quantitative estimates performed using a standardised sampling method commonly adopted worldwide to collect soil macrofauna populations, i.e. the TSBF (Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Programme) protocol. This consists of digging soil monoliths of 25 x 25 cm area, with handsorting of the macroinvertebrates visible to the naked eye from the surface litter and from within the soil, typically in the upper 0-20 cm layer (but sometimes shallower, i.e. top 0-10 cm or deeper to 0-40 cm, depending on the site). The land-use systems included anthropogenic sites managed with agricultural systems (e.g. pastures, annual and perennial crops, agroforestry), as well as planted forests and native vegetation located mostly in the southern Brazilian State of Paraná (96 sites), with a few additional sites in the neighbouring states of São Paulo (21 sites) and Santa Catarina (five sites). Important metadata on soil properties, particularly soil chemical parameters (mainly pH, C, P, Ca, K, Mg, Al contents, exchangeable acidity, Cation Exchange Capacity, Base Saturation and, infrequently, total N), particle size distribution (mainly % sand, silt and clay) and, infrequently, soil moisture and bulk density, as well as on human management practices (land use and vegetation cover) are provided. These data will be particularly useful for those interested in estimating land-use change impacts on soil biodiversity and its implications for below-ground foodwebs, ecosystem functioning and ecosystem service delivery. New information: Quantitative estimates are provided for 42 soil animal taxa, for two biodiversity hotspots: the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes. Data are provided at the individual monolith level, representing sampling events ranging from February 2001 up to September 2016 in 122 sampling sites and over 1800 samples, for a total of 83,085 ocurrences.
RESUMEN
O presente estudo se baseou em levantamento retrospectivo obtidos de bovinos abatidos em frigorífico paulista. Foram utilizados os registros do Serviço de Inspeção Federal de ocorrência de alterações hepáticas em 1.568.821 bovinos (85% machos e 15% fêmeas), proveniente de seis Estados (SP, MS, PR, GO, MT e MG) durante os anos de 2002 a 2006. Consideraram-se os animais abatidos no último trimestre de cada ano como terminados em confinamento, sendo os demais criados continuamente em regime extensivo. Os abscessos hepáticos (1,60%) foram a segunda mais frequente alteração hepática após a teleangectasia (1,67%). A frequência desses abscessos foi maior em bovinos confinados (2,54%) que nos criados extensivamente (1,28%) e em fêmeas (1,85%) que em machos (1,56%). O confinamento aumenta o fator de risco (FR) de surgimento de abscessos hepáticos na ordem de 2,01 vezes. Maior frequência de abscessos foi registrada em bovinos oriundos do Paraná, em ambos os sistemas de terminação.
A retrospective survey was carried out in cattle slaughtered in a private abattoir in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The survey was based on the reports done by the Federal Inspection Service of the liver condemnations among 1,568,821 cattle (85% steers; 15% cows and heifers) from six different Brazilian states during 2002 and 2006. Feedlot cattle were mostly slaughtered in the last trimester of each year, while the cattle bred extensively were in the remaining months. The abscesses (1.60%) were the second highest cause of liver condemnation after telangiectasis (1.67%). The frequency of liver abscesses were higher in feedlot cattle (2.54%) than in cattle raised exclusively on pasture (1.28%), female (1.85%) than male (1.56%). Feedlot increased the outcome (odds ratio OD = 2.01x) of liver abscess. The highest frequency of liver abscess was detected in feedlot and extensive farming cattle system from the Parana state.