RESUMEN
The purpose of this constructivist grounded theory study was to develop a deeper understanding of the relational system of married couples and God. We interviewed nine marital couples from Christian denominations that reported having a strong relationship with each other and with God together. We used constructivist grounded theory techniques presented by Charmaz (2006) and analyzed emergent categories of behaviors, emotions, and cognitions to construct a theory and model of Christian marital couples and their shared relationship with God. We then compared and contrasted the results and theory to existing literature on attachment theory and theorized a shared attachment to God. We applied the theological concept of kinship covenant to the results in order to organize and situate the theory into a Christian framework. Finally, we discuss clinical, pastoral, and future research implications.
Asunto(s)
Relaciones Interpersonales , Apego a Objetos , Religión y Psicología , Esposos/psicología , Adulto , Cristianismo , Femenino , Teoría Fundamentada , Humanos , Masculino , Investigación CualitativaRESUMEN
Presenilins are components of the gamma-secretase protein complex that mediates intramembranous cleavage of betaAPP and Notch proteins. A C. elegans genetic screen revealed two genes, aph-1 and pen-2, encoding multipass transmembrane proteins, that interact strongly with sel-12/presenilin and aph-2/nicastrin. Human aph-1 and pen-2 partially rescue the C. elegans mutant phenotypes, demonstrating conserved functions. The human genes must be provided together to rescue the mutant phenotypes, and the inclusion of presenilin-1 improves rescue, suggesting that they interact closely with each other and with presenilin. RNAi-mediated inactivation of aph-1, pen-2, or nicastrin in cultured Drosophila cells reduces gamma-secretase cleavage of betaAPP and Notch substrates and reduces the levels of processed presenilin. aph-1 and pen-2, like nicastrin, are required for the activity and accumulation of gamma-secretase.
Asunto(s)
Precursor de Proteína beta-Amiloide/metabolismo , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/aislamiento & purificación , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Endopeptidasas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Homeodominio/aislamiento & purificación , Proteínas de la Membrana/aislamiento & purificación , Proteínas de la Membrana/metabolismo , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/genética , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Secretasas de la Proteína Precursora del Amiloide , Precursor de Proteína beta-Amiloide/genética , Animales , Ácido Aspártico Endopeptidasas , Caenorhabditis elegans , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Membrana Celular/ultraestructura , Células Cultivadas , Clonación Molecular , Proteínas de Drosophila , Drosophila melanogaster , Elementos de Facilitación Genéticos/genética , Glucagón/metabolismo , Péptido 1 Similar al Glucagón , Proteínas del Helminto/metabolismo , Proteínas de Homeodominio/genética , Proteínas de Homeodominio/metabolismo , Humanos , Membranas Intracelulares/metabolismo , Proteínas de la Membrana/genética , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Mutación/genética , Fragmentos de Péptidos/metabolismo , Presenilina-1 , Precursores de Proteínas/metabolismo , Receptores Notch , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Homología de Secuencia de Ácido Nucleico , Transducción de Señal/genéticaRESUMEN
The homeotic selector genes of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, are located in a single cluster. We have sequenced the region containing the homeotic selector genes required for proper development of the head and anterior thorax, which is the counterpart of the ANTC in Drosophila. This 280-kb interval contains eight homeodomain-encoding genes, including single orthologs of the Drosophila genes labial, proboscipedia, Deformed, Sex combs reduced, fushi tarazu, and Antennapedia, as well as two orthologs of zerknüllt. These genes are all oriented in the same direction, as are the Hox genes of amphioxus, mice, and humans. Although each transcription unit is similar to its Drosophila counterpart in size, the Tribolium genes contain fewer introns (with the exception of the two zerknüllt genes), produce shorter mRNAs, and encode smaller proteins. Unlike the ANTC, this region of the Tribolium HOMC contains no additional genes.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Drosophila , Drosophila melanogaster/genética , Genes Homeobox , Proteínas de Homeodominio/genética , Proteínas Nucleares , Factores de Transcripción , Tribolium/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Proteína con Homeodominio Antennapedia , Cromosomas Artificiales Bacterianos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Polimorfismo Genético , Proteínas Represoras/genética , Alineación de Secuencia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Homología de SecuenciaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cardiorespiratory fitness level is inversely related to the incidence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). This study examined the effects of changes in cardiorespiratory fitness level on MetS status. METHODS: Male and female participants in a health enhancement program (n = 212) were clinically examined for changes in their MetS status and estimated aerobic capacity over a 3-year period. Two physical examinations, each including a maximal treadmill stress test, occurred within this time frame. Participants were divided into three groups: Group 1 (n = 103) was composed of individuals who presented with MetS at exam 1 and reversed their MetS disease status by exam 2; Group 2 (n = 75) members presented with MetS at both exams; and Group 3 (n = 34) individuals were MetS-free at exam 1 but acquired MetS by exam 2. The relationships between MetS clinical characteristics at exam 1 and exam 2 and changes in graded exercise test (GXT) duration were contrasted for the three groups. RESULTS: GXT duration, estimated aerobic capacity (VO(2) max), and MetS characteristics improved significantly in Group 1 (P < 0.01). Group 2 individuals also increased GXT duration (P < 0.05) but showed only nonsignificant improvements (P > 0.05) in clinical characteristics. Group 3 members declined in most MetS characteristics and in estimated VO(2) max (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increases in GXT duration accompanied MetS reversal while declines in GXT duration occurred with MetS acquisition. On an individual basis, these changes in GXT duration may be an indicator of disease status.