RESUMEN
PARP inhibitors are novel drugs under development in oncology, particularly against breast and ovarian cancer. They act on the DNA repair mechanisms in synergy with the loss of BRCA function of the tumor cells, thereby inducing a genetic instability that leads to cell death. The clinical benefit of PARP inhibitors has been demonstrated for breast and ovarian cancer in BRCA germline mutation carriers. Their use in sporadic triple negative breast cancers, that share similarities with BRCA1 mutated tumors, is currently investigated with encouraging preliminary results.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Ováricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores de Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas , Animales , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Medicina Basada en la Evidencia , Femenino , Genes BRCA1/efectos de los fármacos , Genes BRCA2/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Neoplasias Ováricas/genética , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The preoperative staging of breast carcinoma determines the type of surgery. Mammography and echography are considered standard. Even though, breast MRI shows better performance for evaluation of the size of the tumor and for detection of additional foci of the tumor. Breast MRI appears to lead to more extensive surgery or increased numbers of mastectomy. But it remains unclear whether breast MRI contributes to reduce positive surgical margins, local recurrences and whether it increases survival. Because of the low predictive positive value, every MRI finding should be confirmed by core needle biopsy. PET-CT has the best sensibility for the detection of distant metastasis but should only be used in very high risk patients.