RESUMEN
Six groups of diastereomeric 2,4-disubstituted adamantanes were studied with DFT-GIAO-NBO (natural orbital analysis) methods. The calculated (13)C chemical shifts reproduce well the experimental data. It was found that among all diastereomers, those bearing substituents in delta-syn-axial positions showed the largest overall deshielding, i.e. the sum of all (13)C chemical shifts [Sigmadelta((13)C)] was the greatest and also had the highest delocalization contribution to the molecular energy evaluated with NBO. The higher delocalization energy is proposed to be the origin of the deshielding delta-syn-axial effect.
RESUMEN
Achillea species are widely used in folk medicine for treatment of inflammatory diseases. The inhibitory effect on the human neutrophils respiratory burst activity of total extracts, their fractions and some main constituents of the flower heads from Achillea asplenifolia, A. collina and A. distans belonging to A. millefolium complex of Bulgarian origin, were tested by the modified method of Tan and Berridge. Seven from the investigated fractions showed activity similar or higher than that of indomethacine and might be evaluated as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.
Asunto(s)
Achillea/química , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/aislamiento & purificación , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/farmacología , Lactonas/aislamiento & purificación , Lactonas/farmacología , Neutrófilos/efectos de los fármacos , Plantas Medicinales/química , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/química , Bulgaria , Humanos , Indometacina/farmacocinética , Indometacina/farmacología , Lactonas/química , Medicina Tradicional , Estallido RespiratorioRESUMEN
The methanol, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water-methanol extracts of Ruta graveolens were found to possess antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Ruta/química , Animales , Antibacterianos/química , Artemia/efectos de los fármacos , Candida albicans/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias Gramnegativas/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias Grampositivas/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/químicaRESUMEN
Four novel triterpenoid saponins have been isolated from Gypsophila capillaris. Three were monodesmosidic: 3 beta-hydroxyolean-12-en-23,28-dioic acid 28-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)] [beta-D-galactopyranosyl(1-->6)]beta-D-glucopyranoside, 3 beta-hydroxyolean-12-en-23-oxo-28-oic acid 28-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)] [beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)]beta-D-galactopyranoside, 3 beta-hydroxyolean-12-en-23,28-dioic acid 28-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)] [beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)]beta-D-galactopyranoside. The fourth was bisdesmosidic: 3 beta-hydroxyolean-12-en-23,28-dioic acid 23-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-28-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D- galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)]beta-D- galactopyranoside. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR techniques and from other spectroscopic evidence.
Asunto(s)
Plantas Medicinales/química , Saponinas/química , Triterpenos/química , Conformación de Carbohidratos , Secuencia de Carbohidratos , Egipto , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Estructura Molecular , Oligosacáridos/química , Oligosacáridos/aislamiento & purificación , Saponinas/aislamiento & purificación , Espectrometría de Masa Bombardeada por Átomos Veloces , Triterpenos/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Fractions of methanol, dichloromethane, water extracts and volatiles of Carthamus lanatus aerial parts given by oral route at a dose of 2 mg/kg showed significant antiinflammatory activities in rats. On the contrary, only the water fraction of MeOH extract possesses a significant analgesic activity.
Asunto(s)
Analgésicos/uso terapéutico , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/uso terapéutico , Carthamus , Edema/prevención & control , Dolor/prevención & control , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Administración Oral , Analgésicos/administración & dosificación , Analgésicos/farmacología , Animales , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/administración & dosificación , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/farmacología , Carragenina , Edema/inducido químicamente , Masculino , Dimensión del Dolor/efectos de los fármacos , Componentes Aéreos de las Plantas , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Presión , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
Two new lignan glycosides of dibenzylbutyrolactol type (haplomarin) and arylnaphthalene type (haploborin) were isolated from the aerial parts of Haplophyllumn suaveolens together with the known arylnaphthalene lignan glycoside arabelline and hydroxycoumarin glycoside xeroboside. So far arabelline is found only in H. buxbaunii. This is the first report of the isolation of xeroboside from Haplophyllum.
Asunto(s)
Cumarinas/química , Glicósidos/química , Lignanos/química , Plantas Medicinales/química , Conformación de Carbohidratos , Cumarinas/aislamiento & purificación , Disacáridos/química , Glicósidos/aislamiento & purificación , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Conformación Molecular , Estructura Molecular , Extractos Vegetales/químicaRESUMEN
A new steroidal alkaloid, (-)-veranigrine (1) was isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Veratrum nigrum L. By means of spectroscopic methods its structure was established as (20S, 25S)-iminocholesta-5,22(N)-diene-1beta,3beta-diol.