Culture Circles in adolescent empowerment for the prevention of violence.

An action research based on Paulo Freire's Culture Circles was developed to implement a health education intervention involving adolescents, in collective knowledge construction about strategies for the prevention of violence. The data collection in the Culture Circles involved 11 adolescents and included observation and field diary, photographic records and recording. The educational action aroused a critical socio-political and cultural position in the adolescents towards the situations of vulnerability to violence, including the guarantee of human rights, justice and the combat of inequities; changes in the social relations, combat against discrimination and intolerance; expansion of access and reorientation of health services through intersectoral public policies. The intervention empowered the group of adolescents for the prevention of violence and permitted the inclusion of health professionals in the school context, from an interdisciplinary perspective, contributing to the establishment of social support and protection networks.

[Validation of an instructional therapeutic tool to demonstrate cardiac catheterization]. / Validação de brinquedo terapêutico sobre cateterismo cardíaco.

The scope of this work was to validate a toy and a narrative as an instructional tool to present to children who are to be submitted to cardiac catheterization. Content validation was performed by 23 specialist judges (storytellers, child educators, nurses, medics, educational psychologists, occupational therapists, and a psychologist), by using a form considering the following topics: goals, structure and presentation, as well as relevance. Quantitative data was analyzed through the Content Validation Index (CVI) and a cutoff of 0.80 was adopted. Qualitative data was then submitted to thematic content analysis. The toy is composed of: figurines representing the child, the healthcare team, and the person responsible for the child, prototypes of the angiography equipment and the anesthesia equipment, and objects used in hospital for anesthetic induction and vein puncture. The narrative addresses the physical structure of the Hemodynamics room and all steps comprising pre-, trans- and post-cardiac catheterization in a playful way. The technology was validated by the judges with a total CVI of 0.95. The validated toy and narrative constitute a dialog between health, education and art that may contribute to integral and humanized care to the child.

Este trabalho visou validar um brinquedo e história como tecnologia educacional direcionada à orientação de crianças que serão submetidas ao cateterismo cardíaco. A validação de conteúdo foi realizada por 23 juízes especialistas (contadores de história, educadoras infantis, enfermeiros, médicos, psicóloga, psicopedagogas e terapeutas ocupacionais) através da utilização de formulário considerando os domínios: objetivos, estrutura e apresentação além de relevância. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados por intermédio do Índice de Validação de Conteúdo (IVC) e adotado o ponto de corte 0,80. Os dados qualitativos foram submetidos à análise temática de conteúdo. O brinquedo é composto por bonecos representativos da criança, equipe de saúde e responsável, miniatura de angiógrafo e de aparelho de anestesia e objetos de uso hospitalar para indução anestésica e punção venosa. A história aborda de forma lúdica a estrutura física da sala de Hemodinâmica e todas as etapas que compreendem o pré, trans e pós-cateterismo cardíaco. A tecnologia foi validada pelos juízes com um IVC total de 0,95. O brinquedo e a história validados constituem um diálogo entre saúde, educação e arte que poderá contribuir para uma assistência integral e humanizada à criança.

Circle of Culture and permanent education for transformation of professional practice: an integrative review. / Círculo de Cultura e educação permanente para transformação da prática profissional: uma revisão integrativa.

This article aimed to know the scientific evidence that underlies Culture Circle application as a device of Permanent Education in Health for professional practice transformation. This is an integrative literature review carried out in the PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS and Scopus databases, in October 2021, with the descriptors "health professionals", "professional practice", "continuing education", "health promotion" and the uncontrolled term "Culture Circle". Data were analyzed in a descriptive way. The results identified 217 articles and five were included to compose the final sample. It was identified that the most discussed themes in Culture Circles were health education and health promotion. There was an average of 13 participants, lasting between one and a half to four hours, with the presence of an animator/researcher and carried out in the workplace. It is concluded that applying Culture Circles in Permanent Education in Health is a powerful inducer of change in professional practice. Recommendations are presented for its application in empowering subjects and in strengthening health promotion actions as well as the need for field research to broaden the understanding of the implication of the method and its consequences in professional practice.

O objetivo é conhecer as evidências científicas que fundamentam a aplicação do Círculo de Cultura como dispositivo de Educação Permanente em Saúde para a transformação da prática profissional. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS e Scopus, em outubro de 2021, com os descritores: "profissionais de saúde", "prática profissional", "educação permanente", "promoção à saúde" e do termo não controlado "Círculo de Cultura". Analisaram-se os dados de modo descritivo. Foram identificados 217 artigos e cinco foram incluídos para compor a amostra final. Identificou-se que as temáticas mais abordadas nos Círculos de Cultura foram Educação em Saúde e Promoção à Saúde, houve uma média de 13 participantes, com duração entre uma hora e meia a quatro horas, com presença do animador/pesquisador e realizados no local de trabalho. Conclui-se que a aplicabilidade do Círculo de Cultura na Educação Permanente em Saúde é um potente indutor de mudança na prática profissional. Apresenta-se recomendações para sua aplicação no empoderamento dos sujeitos e no fortalecimento das ações de promoção à saúde, bem como, a necessidade de pesquisas de campo para ampliar a compreensão da implicação do método e seus desdobramentos na prática profissional.

Parenting of mothers of children in early childhood during the COVID-19 pandemic: qualitative research.

OBJECTIVES: to understand practices of mothers of children in early childhood who live in contexts of poverty in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: an exploratory, descriptive and qualitative study. Participants were selected in the community context, composing an intentional sample to be collected through semi-structured online interviews. Data were analyzed inductively and anchored in the Bioecological Model of Human Development. RESULTS: eight mothers participated in the research. Mothers highlighted pleasure in taking care of their children, although they were overloaded with activities and comprehensive care at the time of the pandemic. Children, in mothers' perception, showed a higher frequency of challenging behaviors, which may be related to negative parenting practices, such as punishment and physical violence. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: interventions to support parenting become urgent in the face of changes brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic in families living in a context of poverty.

Culture circle with community health workers about (lack of) knowledge and stigma of leprosy.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the construction aboutthe (lack of) knowledge and stigma of leprosy by Community Health Workers participating in the Culture Circle. METHOD: Qualitative, action-research type study supported by the Paulo Freire Culture Circle framework, carried out with 21 Community Health Workers. Data collected in November 2021, in the municipality of São Luís, Maranhão. The following categories were evidenced: knowledge about leprosy, signs and symptoms, stigma. RESULTS: The participants had knowledge about the disease, but they verbalized people's disinformation about leprosy, disbelief in relation to the cure, and situations of prejudice and stigma that are still present today. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The culture circle enabled the intertwining of scientific and empirical knowledge in the construction of a critical and reflective knowledge committed to welcoming and comprehensive care for people and families affected by leprosy.

Youth empowerment in health: a theoretical structure of literacy practices.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a theoretical structure on literacy practices committed to health empowerment, based on the understanding of school adolescents and members of a Quilombola community in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. METHOD: Interpretative analysis, based on the assumptions of the Grounded Theory and Symbolic Interactionism. For data collection, Culture Circles were conducted with 18 adolescents from October 2020 to August 2021. RESULTS: The theoretical archetype is structured based on the recognition of vulnerable youth context, and the development of potential through collective relations built by dialogue, trust, shared knowledge construction, and the use of technologies. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The theoretical structure on literacy practices committed to empowerment through the understanding of adolescents runs through the framework of a substantive theory that culminates in a perspective of agency and recognition of their needs.

Resilience of School Adolescents in a Socially Vulnerable Situation in the Light of Tidal Model.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Adolescents in contexts of social vulnerability experience obstacles in the development of their resilience, which compromises the development of coping/response strategies to daily adversities. This study aimed to understand the resilience process of school adolescents in situations of social vulnerability in the light of Barker's and Buchanan-Barker's Tidal Model. METHODS: This qualitative and exploratory study was carried out at a public school in the city of Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil. The sample was composed of 17 adolescents. Data collection was carried out through in-depth narrative interviews. The material was analyzed with the aid of the software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires, interpreted through the assumptions of Tidal Model. RESULTS: The dendrogram demonstrated the corpus delimited in five classes named as "Navigation Plan," "Storms," "Ocean of Experiences," "Rescue," and "Safe Harbor." CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Through learning from narratives, nurses understand the important resources of a recovery journey and take care "with" adolescents, supporting the development of resilience to face storms by taking the helm of the vessel and resuming their travel.

Prevalence and factors associated with dating violence among public school adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: Identify the prevalence and factors associated with dating violence among school adolescents. METHOD: Quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, conducted in a state public school in Recife, Pernambuco, in August 2018, with 270 adolescents, aged between 12 and 19 years, from middle and high school. A form was applied with questions about the characterization of the adolescents, the experience of dating relationships, and the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory. Pearson's chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of physical, sexual, and psychological victimization was 31.9%, 36.4% and 81.8%, respectively. An association was identified between religious affiliation (p = 0.002), sexual orientation of the participants (p = 0.027), and parents' education (p = 0.015) and physical victimization during dating. CONCLUSION: Individual and contextual aspects related to dating violence among adolescents imply the need for the involvement of the school nurse in intersectoral and interdisciplinary health interventions.

Association between family dynamics and use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs by adolescents.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze, in the light of systemic thinking, the association between family dynamics and the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs by adolescents throughout life. METHODS: a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in nine public schools in the city of Recife. Three hundred and sixty-four adolescents aged 14 to 19 years participated. We used three questionnaires: The Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test, a reduced version of the Drug Use Screening Inventory; and a sociodemographic questionnaire. RESULTS: there was an association between parents/guardians ignoring what the child considers meaningful to him and the consumption of alcohol and tobacco by adolescents; we also verified an association between the occurrence of conflicting relationships and the consumption of illicit drugs by adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: it confirmed that disorganization in the family system, marked by impairments in emotional connections among members, and fragility in the sense of belonging are associated with the consumption of drugs in life by adolescents.

[Health education based on culture circles]. / Educação em saúde a partir de círculos de cultura.

This study aims at systematizing with the participants of Culture Circles a proposal of reconstruction of actions of health education that show the necessary competences to the nurses of Family Health Program for a practice in education on critical and reflexive health. It is constituted of a research action, where the researcher based in "Paulo Freire Method" is encouraging debates in eight Culture Circles having the participation of ten nurses. The Circles give them the training of a political conscience , essential to the process of " empowerment " of the health professional in practicing his socio-politics competence. The proposal of achieving the Culture Circles establish a link of complicity between health professionals and communitarian groups with the actions of health promotion.

Practices in the healthcare of children and adolescents with leprosy: the discourse of professionals.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the health care practices of children and adolescents with leprosy from the speeches of health professionals. METHOD: Qualitative research conducted with 23 health professionals who attended children and adolescents with leprosy in primary and secondary care in a municipality in the state of Pernambuco, from April to July 2018, through semi-structured interviews. Data were subjected to content analysis. RESULTS: The practice of health care was apprehended from the following categories of analysis: "Embracement in leprosy", "Clinical practice" and "Education in Health", with limitations in meeting the particularities of the studied population. CONCLUSIONS: Limiting aspects in health care practice contribute to the difficulties in controlling the disease, requiring the development of best practice recommendations that address the needs of children and adolescents.

Formation of protagonist adolescents to prevent bullying in school contexts.

OBJECTIVE: to develop a participative strategy of health education in the formative process of protagonist adolescents aimed at preventing school bullying. METHOD: qualitative interventive-participatory research, based on the Community-Based Participatory Research and in the Culture Circles of Paulo Freire. The sample was intentional, with the participation of 12 adolescents who were considered leaders. For data production at the moment of educational intervention, observation techniques were employed with note-taking in a field diary, plus photographic and video records. RESULTS: the pedagogical intervention model raised the opportunity for the adolescents' active participation, aiming at the development of skills that create pro-social behaviors, empathetic and assertive relations, which are able to face bullying and transform the school environment. Final considerations: the use of participative methodologies, in the youth protagonism perspective, has the potential to support educational practices of school nurses in collaboration and leadership of antibullying programs.

Family fortresses in Zika Congenital Syndrome according to Betty Neuman.

OBJECTIVES: to identify elements that contribute to strengthen the family system of children with Zika virus congenital syndrome according to Betty Neuman's theory. METHODS: qualitative research, carried out in the outpatient service of a public hospital in the city of Recife, Brazil, with 13 mothers, by semi-structured interviews. The IRAMUTEQ software was used for data analysis and the interpretation was carried out according to Betty Neuman's Systems Model Theory. RESULTS: the dendrogram originated five categories, which we named: Family Routine, Health Service Assistance, Changes in Lifestyle, Support Network, and Social Repercussions of Care for the the Family Context. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: nursing actions based on Betty Neuman's theory provide subsidies for the recognition of elements that strengthen the defense lines of the family system. These resources can be explored, aiming to maintaining the well-being and balance in the context of the family system.

Caring to Nurses in a Hospital Setting: Meanings Unveiled by Photography.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Care represents a human need and as a fundamental component of the social practice of nursing it should be reified in interpersonal relationships and in patients' biopsychosociocultural needs, thus requiring thinking on a regular basis. This study aims to analyze the senses and meanings of the caring process experienced by nurses in a hospital setting. METHODS: Qualitative research oriented by Symbolic Interactionism as the theoretical framework. The data were collected through photography and by semi-structured interviews with 16 nurses from a University Hospital of Northeastern Brazil. After a narrative analysis, four representative themes were perceived. RESULTS: The nurses' perception of caring was related to building relationships based upon complicity, solidarity, care, love, and technico-scientific competence but also upon the work overload and working conditions and difficulty to deal with human emotions and feelings of suffering, which are exposed and perceived in the social interacting process. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The senses and meanings of caring converge into a rupture of the nurses' regular and crystallized actions. That assumes a critical and reflexive review of ways of interacting with the patient, family, and environment. It is necessary that nurses choose communicative strategies, such as photography, that can unfold feelings and emotions which are essential requirements in the process and in the evaluation of care in a hospitalization setting.

Círculo de Cultura e educação permanente para transformação da prática profissional: uma revisão integrativa / Circle of Culture and permanent education for transformation of professional practice: an integrative review

Resumo O objetivo é conhecer as evidências científicas que fundamentam a aplicação do Círculo de Cultura como dispositivo de Educação Permanente em Saúde para a transformação da prática profissional. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS e Scopus, em outubro de 2021, com os descritores: "profissionais de saúde", "prática profissional", "educação permanente", "promoção à saúde" e do termo não controlado "Círculo de Cultura". Analisaram-se os dados de modo descritivo. Foram identificados 217 artigos e cinco foram incluídos para compor a amostra final. Identificou-se que as temáticas mais abordadas nos Círculos de Cultura foram Educação em Saúde e Promoção à Saúde, houve uma média de 13 participantes, com duração entre uma hora e meia a quatro horas, com presença do animador/pesquisador e realizados no local de trabalho. Conclui-se que a aplicabilidade do Círculo de Cultura na Educação Permanente em Saúde é um potente indutor de mudança na prática profissional. Apresenta-se recomendações para sua aplicação no empoderamento dos sujeitos e no fortalecimento das ações de promoção à saúde, bem como, a necessidade de pesquisas de campo para ampliar a compreensão da implicação do método e seus desdobramentos na prática profissional.

Abstract This article aimed to know the scientific evidence that underlies Culture Circle application as a device of Permanent Education in Health for professional practice transformation. This is an integrative literature review carried out in the PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS and Scopus databases, in October 2021, with the descriptors "health professionals", "professional practice", "continuing education", "health promotion" and the uncontrolled term "Culture Circle". Data were analyzed in a descriptive way. The results identified 217 articles and five were included to compose the final sample. It was identified that the most discussed themes in Culture Circles were health education and health promotion. There was an average of 13 participants, lasting between one and a half to four hours, with the presence of an animator/researcher and carried out in the workplace. It is concluded that applying Culture Circles in Permanent Education in Health is a powerful inducer of change in professional practice. Recommendations are presented for its application in empowering subjects and in strengthening health promotion actions as well as the need for field research to broaden the understanding of the implication of the method and its consequences in professional practice.

Validação de brinquedo terapêutico sobre cateterismo cardíaco / Validation of an instructional therapeutic tool to demonstrate cardiac catheterization

Resumo Este trabalho visou validar um brinquedo e história como tecnologia educacional direcionada à orientação de crianças que serão submetidas ao cateterismo cardíaco. A validação de conteúdo foi realizada por 23 juízes especialistas (contadores de história, educadoras infantis, enfermeiros, médicos, psicóloga, psicopedagogas e terapeutas ocupacionais) através da utilização de formulário considerando os domínios: objetivos, estrutura e apresentação além de relevância. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados por intermédio do Índice de Validação de Conteúdo (IVC) e adotado o ponto de corte 0,80. Os dados qualitativos foram submetidos à análise temática de conteúdo. O brinquedo é composto por bonecos representativos da criança, equipe de saúde e responsável, miniatura de angiógrafo e de aparelho de anestesia e objetos de uso hospitalar para indução anestésica e punção venosa. A história aborda de forma lúdica a estrutura física da sala de Hemodinâmica e todas as etapas que compreendem o pré, trans e pós-cateterismo cardíaco. A tecnologia foi validada pelos juízes com um IVC total de 0,95. O brinquedo e a história validados constituem um diálogo entre saúde, educação e arte que poderá contribuir para uma assistência integral e humanizada à criança.

Abstract The scope of this work was to validate a toy and a narrative as an instructional tool to present to children who are to be submitted to cardiac catheterization. Content validation was performed by 23 specialist judges (storytellers, child educators, nurses, medics, educational psychologists, occupational therapists, and a psychologist), by using a form considering the following topics: goals, structure and presentation, as well as relevance. Quantitative data was analyzed through the Content Validation Index (CVI) and a cutoff of 0.80 was adopted. Qualitative data was then submitted to thematic content analysis. The toy is composed of: figurines representing the child, the healthcare team, and the person responsible for the child, prototypes of the angiography equipment and the anesthesia equipment, and objects used in hospital for anesthetic induction and vein puncture. The narrative addresses the physical structure of the Hemodynamics room and all steps comprising pre-, trans- and post-cardiac catheterization in a playful way. The technology was validated by the judges with a total CVI of 0.95. The validated toy and narrative constitute a dialog between health, education and art that may contribute to integral and humanized care to the child.

Adolescent health promotion based on community-centered arts education.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the contribution of arts education to health promotion of adolescents in situations of urban social vulnerability. METHOD: Participatory evaluative research, with a qualitative approach, using as a reference the theoretical constructs of Paulo Freire's Conscientization and the Empowerment Evaluation as a method of collecting with adolescents and teachers of an arts education program in the field of the Family Health Strategy. RESULTS: Participants constructed a collective mission that represented the concept of adolescent health promotion. Arts education activities were prioritized and ranked with a mission focus, and over a three-month period, the program implemented health goals through art. In the reevaluation, the group presented a broad look at the implementation of activities and self-determination for change. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Arts education is a potential space for nurses to act in the conscientization and empowerment of adolescent health in Primary Health Care.

Male adolescents' early sexual initiation in the context of gender diversity / Iniciación sexual temprana de adolescentes varones en el contexto de la diversidad de género / Iniciação sexual precoce de adolescentes masculinos em contexto de diversidade de gênero

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the early sexual initiation process among male adolescents attending school in the context of gender diversity, in the light of Madeleine Leininger's Theory. Method: a descriptive and exploratory research study with a qualitative approach, conducted with 18 adolescents attending school in the city of Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil. The individual interviews were conducted from June to December 2018 and a semi-structured interview script was used to produce the empirical material. As analytical resource, the IRAMuTeQ® software was resorted to in order to categorize the data in the thematic modality. Results: four thematic axes emerged from the interviews, namely: Influencing factors in early sexual initiation; Experience in early sexual initiation; Gender identity in the context of multiple masculinities; and Cultural aspects related to early sexual initiation. Sexual initiation emerges as a requirement for male adolescents to be respected and accepted in a group. It is understood that early sexual initiation is mainly characterized by emotional immaturity and by lack of knowledge, exposing adolescents to situations of vulnerabilities. Conclusion: taboos inhibit the establishment of dialogical relations in the family context and in the school setting, configuring situations of vulnerability for early sexual initiation, given the findings of sexuality in the context of gender diversity. Interdisciplinary and intersectoral actions, with emphasis on nurses' articulating role, become essential to foster dialogical spaces of congruent care for adolescents aiming at constructing knowledge about gender diversity and safe sexual initiation.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender el proceso de iniciación sexual temprana de adolescentes varones que asisten a la escuela en el contexto de la diversidad de género, a la luz de la Teoría de Madeleine Leininger. Método: investigación descriptiva y exploratoria con enfoque cualitativo, realizada con 18 adolescentes que asisten a la escuela en la ciudad de Recife-Pernambuco, Brasil. Las entrevistas individualizadas tuvieron lugar en los meses de junio a diciembre de 2019, y para producir el material empírico se empleó un guion de entrevista semiestructurado. Como recurso analítico, se recurrió al programa de software IRAMuTeQ® para categorizar los dados en la modalidad temática. Resultados: surgieron cuatro ejes temáticos a partir de las entrevistas, a saber: Factores que ejercen influencia en la iniciación sexual temprana; Experiencia en la iniciación sexual temprana; Identidad de género en el contexto de múltiples masculinidades; y Aspectos culturales relacionados con la iniciación sexual temprana. La iniciación sexual emerge como requisito para que los adolescentes varones sean respetados y aceptados en un grupo. Se entiende la iniciación sexual temprana está principalmente caracterizada por inmadurez emocional y carencia de conocimientos, exponiendo a los adolescentes a situaciones de vulnerabilidad. Conclusión: los tabús inhiben la posibilidad de establecer relaciones de diálogo en el contexto familiar y en el ambiente escolar, configurando situaciones de vulnerabilidad para la iniciación sexual temprana, frente a lo descubierto sobre la sexualidad en el contexto de la diversidad de género. Es esencial implementar acciones interdisciplinarias e intersectoriales, con énfasis el rol articulador de los enfermeros, a fin de fomentar espacios dialógicos de atención congruentes con los adolescentes y con el objetivo de construir conocimientos sobre diversidad de género e iniciación sexual segura.

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender o processo de iniciação sexual precoce de adolescentes escolares masculinos em contexto de diversidade de gênero, à luz da Teoria de Madeleine Leininger. Método: pesquisa descritiva, exploratória de abordagem qualitativa, realizada com 18 adolescentes escolares na cidade do Recife-Pernambuco, Brasil. As entrevistas individualizadas ocorreram nos meses de junho a dezembro de 2019 e, para produção do material empírico, empregou-se um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado. Como recurso analítico, recorreu-se ao software IRAMuTeQ® para categorização dos dados na modalidade temática. Resultados: a partir das entrevistas, emergiram quatro eixos temáticos: Fatores influenciadores na iniciação sexual precoce; Vivência na iniciação sexual precoce; Identidade de gênero em contexto de múltiplas masculinidades e aspectos culturais relacionados à iniciação sexual precoce. A iniciação sexual constitui-se como um requisito para o adolescente masculino ser respeitado e aceito em um grupo. Compreende-se que a sexarca precoce delimita-se principalmente pela imaturidade emocional e carência de conhecimentos, expondo-os a situações de vulnerabilidades. Conclusão: os tabus inibem o estabelecimento de relações dialógicas no contexto familiar e no cenário escolar, configurando situações de vulnerabilidades para a iniciação sexual precoce, diante das descobertas da sexualidade em contexto de diversidade de gênero. Torna-se essenciais ações interdisciplinares e intersetoriais, com ênfase no papel articulador do enfermeiro, para fomentar espaços dialógicos de cuidado congruente para com o adolescente visando a construção de conhecimentos sobre a diversidade de gênero e a iniciação sexual segura.

Parenting of mothers of children in early childhood during the COVID-19 pandemic: qualitative research / Crianza de madres de niños en la primera infancia durante la pandemia de COVID-19: investigación cualitativa / Parentalidade de mães de crianças na primeira infância durante a pandemia de COVID-19: pesquisa qualitativa

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand practices of mothers of children in early childhood who live in contexts of poverty in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: an exploratory, descriptive and qualitative study. Participants were selected in the community context, composing an intentional sample to be collected through semi-structured online interviews. Data were analyzed inductively and anchored in the Bioecological Model of Human Development. Results: eight mothers participated in the research. Mothers highlighted pleasure in taking care of their children, although they were overloaded with activities and comprehensive care at the time of the pandemic. Children, in mothers' perception, showed a higher frequency of challenging behaviors, which may be related to negative parenting practices, such as punishment and physical violence. Final Considerations: interventions to support parenting become urgent in the face of changes brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic in families living in a context of poverty.

RESUMEN Objetivos: comprender la crianza y las prácticas de crianza de las madres de niños en la primera infancia que viven en contextos de pobreza, frente a la pandemia de la COVID-19. Métodos: estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, enfoque cualitativo. Los participantes fueron seleccionados en el contexto comunitario, componiendo una muestra intencional para ser recolectada a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas en la modalidad online. Los datos fueron analizados inductivamente y anclados en la Teoría Bioecológica del Desarrollo Humano. Resultados: ocho madres participaron de la investigación. Las madres destacaron el gusto por cuidar a sus hijos, aunque estaban sobrecargadas de actividades y atención integral en el momento de la pandemia. Los niños, en la percepción de las madres, mostraron una mayor frecuencia de comportamientos desafiantes, lo que puede estar relacionado con prácticas de crianza negativas, como castigo y violencia física. Consideraciones Finales: las intervenciones de apoyo a la crianza se vuelven urgentes ante los cambios provocados por la pandemia de COVID-19 en las familias que viven en un contexto de pobreza.

RESUMO Objetivos: compreender a parentalidade e práticas parentais de mães de crianças na primeira infância que vivem em contextos de pobreza, diante da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: estudo exploratório, descritivo, abordagem qualitativa. As participantes foram selecionadas no contexto comunitário, compondo uma amostra intencional para a coleta por entrevistas semi-estruturadas na modalidade online. Os dados foram analisados de forma indutiva e ancorados na Teoria Bioecológica do Desenvolvimento Humano. Resultados: oito mães participaram da pesquisa. As mães destacaram prazer em cuidar dos filhos, embora estivessem sobrecarregadas com atividades e cuidado integral no momento da pandemia. As crianças, na percepção das mães, apresentaram maior frequência de comportamentos desafiadores, os quais podem ter relação com práticas parentais negativas, como punição e violência física. Considerações Finais: intervenções de apoio à parentalidade se tornam urgentes diante de mudanças suscitadas pela pandemia de COVID-19 em famílias que vivem em contexto de pobreza.

Youth empowerment in health: a theoretical structure of literacy practices / Empoderamiento de los jóvenes en salud: una estructura teórica de las prácticas de alfabetización / Empoderamento juvenil em saúde: uma estrutura teórica das práticas de letramento

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop a theoretical structure on literacy practices committed to health empowerment, based on the understanding of school adolescents and members of a Quilombola community in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. Method: Interpretative analysis, based on the assumptions of the Grounded Theory and Symbolic Interactionism. For data collection, Culture Circles were conducted with 18 adolescents from October 2020 to August 2021. Results: The theoretical archetype is structured based on the recognition of vulnerable youth context, and the development of potential through collective relations built by dialogue, trust, shared knowledge construction, and the use of technologies. Final considerations: The theoretical structure on literacy practices committed to empowerment through the understanding of adolescents runs through the framework of a substantive theory that culminates in a perspective of agency and recognition of their needs.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Elaborar una estructura teórica sobre prácticas de alfabetización comprometidas con el empoderamiento en salud, basada en la comprensión de los adolescentes escolares y miembros de una comunidad Quilombola, en el Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Método: Análisis interpretativo, basada en los supuestos de la Teoría Fundamentada y el Interaccionismo Simbólico. Para la recolección de datos, los Círculos culturales se llevaron a cabo con 18 adolescentes desde octubre de 2020 hasta agosto de 2021. Resultados: El arquetipo teórico se estructura de acuerdo con el reconocimiento del contexto juvenil en vulnerabilidad, y el desarrollo del potencial mediante relaciones colectivas construidas por el diálogo, la confianza, la construcción compartida del conocimiento y el uso de las tecnologías. Consideraciones finales: El marco teórico sobre las prácticas de alfabetización comprometidas con el empoderamiento a través de la comprensión de los adolescentes pasa por el marco de una teoría sustantiva que culmina en una perspectiva de protagonismo y reconocimiento de sus necesidades.

RESUMO Objetivo: Elaborar uma estrutura teórica sobre práticas de letramento comprometidas com o empoderamento em saúde com base na compreensão de adolescentes escolares e integrantes de uma comunidade Quilombola, no Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Método: Análise interpretativa alicerçada nos pressupostos da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados e o Interacionismo Simbólico. Para a coleta dos dados, foram realizados Círculos de Cultura com 18 adolescentes no período de outubro de 2020 a agosto de 2021. Resultados: O arquétipo teórico se estrutura consoante ao reconhecimento do contexto juvenil em vulnerabilidade, e o desenvolvimento do potencial pelas relações coletivas edificadas pelo diálogo, confiança, construção compartilhada do conhecimento e o uso das tecnologias. Considerações finais: A estrutura teórica sobre práticas de letramento comprometidas com o empoderamento pela compreensão dos adolescentes perpassa pelo arcabouço de uma teoria substantiva que culmina em uma perspectiva de protagonismo e reconhecimento de suas necessidades.