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1.
Odontology ; 104(2): 184-91, 2016 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25796386

RESUMEN

The presence of viruses in endodontic disease has been studied in the last decade. Their presence is associated with periapical radiolucency and with clinical findings, such as pain. The aim of this review is to analyze the scientific evidence currently published about viruses in pulp and periapical inflammation, and its possible clinical implications. A literature review was carried out using the Medline/Pubmed database. The search was performed, in English and Spanish, using the following keyword combinations: virus AND endodontic; virus AND periapical; virus AND pulpitis; herpesvirus AND periapical; papillomavirus AND periapical. We subsequently selected the most relevant studies, which complied with the search criterion. A total of 21 articles were included, of which 18 detected the present of viruses in the samples. In 3 of the studies, viral presence was not found in the samples studied. The Epstein-Barr virus was found in about 41 % of cases compared to controls, in which it was present in about 2 %. The main association between viruses and endodontic pathosis is between Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus; these are found in 114 of the 406 samples of different endodontic pathosis. Some evidence supports that the Epstein-Barr virus is present in a significant number of endodontic diseases, without exact knowledge of their action in these diseases.


Asunto(s)
Citomegalovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Pulpa Dental/virología , Herpesvirus Humano 4/aislamiento & purificación , Periodontitis Periapical/virología , Humanos , Inflamación
2.
J Perinat Med ; 42(5): 559-64, 2014 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24515996

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To examine concordance among results obtained in measurement process of first-trimester placental volume using 3D ultrasound and eXtended Imaging Virtual Organ Computed-aided AnaLysis (XI-VOCAL®, 3DXITM, Medison, Seoul, Korea) image analysis by three different operators. METHODS: Twenty first-trimester normal pregnancy cases were selected for placental volume measuring using a Medison SA 8000 Live Prime® (Medison, Seoul, Korea) with a convex volumetric multifrequency abdominal probe. Images were processed and studied independently by three operators with different grade of training. Each operator obtained 50 slices per case. Thus, this study is based on 1000 measurements that have generated four different sets of placental volume determinations based on 5, 10, 15, and 20 slices, respectively. Results of measurement process were analyzed using reliability coefficients. RESULTS: There was a good degree of concordance in the placental length values obtained by all operators and not depend from the number of cuts measured [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)=0.734]. However, the number of cuts is important to obtain a placental volume with more accuracy. Reliability coefficients were low when determining placental volume adjusted to placental length (ICC=0.293), but combined results of the two operators that were trained in the same way showed higher coefficients of reliability (ICC=0.682), and therefore, greater concordance when comparing with the operator that was not trained in the same way. CONCLUSION: Higher coefficients of reliability guarantee high grades of concordance in the results among operators when measuring placental volumes independently, however, contouring process introduces high variability. Training in how to best use the image analysis software effectively assists in getting higher coefficients of reliability.


Asunto(s)
Placenta/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Interpretación de Imagen Asistida por Computador , Imagenología Tridimensional , Variaciones Dependientes del Observador , Tamaño de los Órganos , Placenta/anatomía & histología , Embarazo , Primer Trimestre del Embarazo , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , España , Ultrasonografía Prenatal/métodos , Ultrasonografía Prenatal/estadística & datos numéricos
3.
Arch Toxicol ; 85(4): 305-13, 2011 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20931174

RESUMEN

Helicops angulatus (broad-banded water snake) according to recent proposals is presently cited in the family Dipsadidae, subfamily Xenodontinae, forming the tribe Hydropsini along with the genera Hydrops and Pseudoeryx. The current work characterizes the proteolytic and neurotoxic activities of H. angulatus crude toxins from salivary excretion (SE) and describes the isolation and identification of a cysteine-rich secretory protein (CRISP) called helicopsin. The SE lethal dose (LD50) was 5.3 mg/kg; however, the SE did not contain hemorrhagic activity. Helicopsin was purified using activity-guided, Superose 12 10/300 GL molecular exclusion, Mono Q10 ion exchange, and Protein Pak 60 molecular exclusion. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed a highly purified band of approximately 20 kDa. The minimal lethal dose for helicopsin was 0.4 mg/kg. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified 2 unique peptides MEWYPEAAANAER and YTQIVWYK, representing a protein sequence (deleted homology) belonging to cysteine-rich secretory proteins, which are conserved in snake venoms (CRISPs). CRISPs are a large family of cysteine-rich secretory proteins found in various organisms and participate in diverse biological processes. Helicopsin exhibited robust neurotoxic activity as evidenced by immediate death (~8 min) due to respiratory paralysis in NIH mice. These observations for helicopsin purified from H. angulatus provide further evidence of the extensive distribution of highly potent neurotoxins in the Colubroidea superfamily of snakes than previously described.


Asunto(s)
Colubridae/fisiología , Cisteína/metabolismo , Neurotoxinas/aislamiento & purificación , Glándulas Salivales/química , Venenos de Serpiente/aislamiento & purificación , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Conducta Animal/fisiología , Cromatografía en Gel , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Inyecciones Subcutáneas , Dosificación Letal Mediana , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/fisiopatología , Neurotoxinas/química , Neurotoxinas/toxicidad , Mapeo Peptídico , Venenos de Serpiente/química , Venenos de Serpiente/toxicidad , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem
4.
Arch Gynecol Obstet ; 283(5): 1011-4, 2011 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20499075

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To compare umbilical cord acid-base status and blood gas analysis between umbilical cords clamped within 10 s and at 2 min of delivery. METHODS: A total of 158 healthy full-term mothers were randomly assigned to an early clamping (<10 s post-delivery, n = 79) or delayed clamping (2 min post-delivery, n = 79) group. After application of inclusion criteria, umbilical vein blood acid-base status and gases were analyzed in 65 early clamped and 51 delayed clamped cords. Fewer cases could be examined in the umbilical artery: 55 cords in the early clamping group and 44 in the delayed one. RESULTS: Acid-base and gas analysis results did not significantly differ between the groups in the umbilical vein or umbilical artery, with the exception of a higher (p < 0.001) mean umbilical artery pO(2) value in the delayed versus early clamping group. No significant differences in umbilical vein or artery pCO(2) or HCO(3) (-) values were observed between the early and delayed clamp groups. CONCLUSIONS: A delay of 2 min before umbilical cord clamping does not significantly change acid-base and gas analysis results, with the exception of a higher mean umbilical artery pO(2) value in the delayed clamping group.


Asunto(s)
Equilibrio Ácido-Base , Análisis de los Gases de la Sangre/normas , Parto Obstétrico/métodos , Sangre Fetal/química , Cordón Umbilical , Adulto , Constricción , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Embarazo , Factores de Tiempo
5.
Sensors (Basel) ; 11(6): 6480-92, 2011.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22163966

RESUMEN

Determination of the soil coverage by crop residues after ploughing is a fundamental element of Conservation Agriculture. This paper presents the application of genetic algorithms employed during the fine tuning of the segmentation process of a digital image with the aim of automatically quantifying the residue coverage. In other words, the objective is to achieve a segmentation that would permit the discrimination of the texture of the residue so that the output of the segmentation process is a binary image in which residue zones are isolated from the rest. The RGB images used come from a sample of images in which sections of terrain were photographed with a conventional camera positioned in zenith orientation atop a tripod. The images were taken outdoors under uncontrolled lighting conditions. Up to 92% similarity was achieved between the images obtained by the segmentation process proposed in this paper and the templates made by an elaborate manual tracing process. In addition to the proposed segmentation procedure and the fine tuning procedure that was developed, a global quantification of the soil coverage by residues for the sampled area was achieved that differed by only 0.85% from the quantification obtained using template images. Moreover, the proposed method does not depend on the type of residue present in the image. The study was conducted at the experimental farm "El Encín" in Alcalá de Henares (Madrid, Spain).


Asunto(s)
Agricultura/métodos , Reconocimiento de Normas Patrones Automatizadas/métodos , Algoritmos , Color , Productos Agrícolas , Aumento de la Imagen/métodos , Interpretación de Imagen Asistida por Computador/métodos , Luz , Modelos Estadísticos , Suelo , España
6.
Zebrafish ; 16(4): 379-387, 2019 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31145051

RESUMEN

Envenomation by the Venezuelan bushmaster snake (Lachesis muta muta) (Serpentes: Viperidae) is characterized by local and cardiac alterations. This study investigates the in vivo cardiac dysfunction, tissue destruction, and cellular processes triggered by Lachesis muta muta snake crude venom and a C-type lectin (CTL)-like toxin named Mutacytin-1 (MC-1). The 28 kDa MC-1 was obtained by molecular exclusion, ion exchange, and C-18 (checking pureness) reverse-phase chromatographies. N-terminal sequencing of the first eight amino acids (NNCPQ LLM) revealed 100% identity with Mutina (CTL-like) isolated from Lachesis stenophrys, which is a Ca2+-dependent-type galactoside-binding lectin from Bothrops jararaca and CTL BpLec from Bothrops pauloensis. The cardiotoxicity in zebrafish of MC-1 was evaluated by means of specific phenotypic expressions and larvae behavior at 5, 15, 30, 40 and 60 min post-treatment. The L. muta muta venom and MC-1 also produced heart rate/rhythm alterations, circulation modifications, and the presence of thrombus and apoptotic phenomenon with pericardial damages. Acridine orange (100 µg/mL) was used to visualize apoptosis cellular process in control and treated whole embryos. The cardiotoxic alterations happened in more than 90% of all larvae under the action of L. muta muta venom and MC-1. The findings have demonstrated the potential cardiotoxicity by L. muta muta venom, suggesting the possibility of cardiovascular damages to patients after bushmaster envenoming.


Asunto(s)
Cardiotoxicidad/embriología , Cardiotoxinas/farmacología , Crotalinae , Lectinas Tipo C , Proteínas de Reptiles/química , Venenos de Serpiente/química , Pez Cebra/embriología , Animales , Cardiotoxinas/química , Crotalinae/embriología , Embrión no Mamífero/efectos de los fármacos , Lectinas Tipo C/química , Proteínas de Reptiles/farmacología
7.
Artículo en Español | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1556612

RESUMEN

El absceso hepático tiene baja incidencia, pero alta mortalidad. Su diagnóstico suele ser tardío dada la variabilidad de presentaciones clínicas. Presentamos tres casos en mujeres, de los cuales dos se manifestaron con síndrome febril con microbiología no precisada, mientras que el tercero con shock séptico secundario a colangitis, aislándose Escherichia coli. Todos fueron manejados con antibioticoterapia endovenosa empírica y drenaje quirúrgico, uno vía laparoscópica, dos percutáneos y uno asociado a una colangio-pancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica. La elección terapéutica se determina de acuerdo a la presencia de rotura, tamaño y/o loculaciones del absceso, combinando antibioticoterapia con métodos de drenaje quirúrgico mínimamente invasivos. Se contrasta y discute la bibliografía disponible, destacando la necesidad de investigaciones actualizadas en Chile.


Liver abscess has low incidence but high mortality. Its diagnosis is often delayed due to the variability of clinical presentations. We present three cases in women, two of which manifested with a febrile syndrome with unspecified microbiology, while the third presented with septic shock secondary to cholangitis, with Escherichia coli isolated. All cases were managed with empirical intravenous antibiotic therapy and surgical drainage, one through laparoscopy, two through percutaneous methods, and one associated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. The therapeutic approach is determined based on the presence of rupture, size, and/or loculations of the abscess, combining antibiotic therapy with minimally invasive surgical drainage methods. We discuss the available literature, emphasizing the need for updated research in Chile.

8.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol ; 139(2): 233-6, 2008 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18403089

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To identify features of sexual behavior in women with and without chronic pelvic pain. STUDY DESIGN: A group of 41 women with chronic pelvic pain of more than 6 months' duration and scheduled to undergo laparoscopy or laparotomy were surveyed to obtain information on their sexual activity. The results were compared with a control group of 86 women of similar age and socioeconomic status who underwent planned tubal ligation for permanent contraception. RESULTS: Women with pelvic pain initiated sexual relations at a later age and had a higher rate of dyspareunia than women in the control group. There were no significant differences between groups in any other characteristics of sexual behavior. CONCLUSION: Dyspareunia, the only feature of sexual relations that differed significantly between women with and without chronic pelvic pain, should be accorded greater attention as a painful symptom and not be dismissed as simply a type of sexual dysfunction.


Asunto(s)
Dispareunia/fisiopatología , Dolor Pélvico/fisiopatología , Conducta Sexual/fisiología , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Enfermedad Crónica , Dispareunia/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Laparoscopía , Laparotomía , Dolor Pélvico/cirugía
9.
Toxicon ; 144: 23-33, 2018 Mar 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29407163

RESUMEN

Bothrops venezuelensis snake venoms, from five localities in the North-Central Venezuelan regions, showed biochemical and haemostatic differences. In this study, bioactivities of B. venezuelensis venoms from different regions (Aragua state; Waraira Repano (Capital District); Baruta, La Boyera and Lagunetica (Miranda state)) were compared using both natural and synthetic substrates. The protein contents of these venoms were Lagunetica 89%, La Boyera 79%, Baruta 71%, Waraira Repano 68% and Aragua 64%. Toxic activities effects were: Intraperitoneal LD50s: Aragua-14 mg/kg; Waraira Repano-6.4 mg/kg; Baruta: 8.3 mg/kg; La Boyera-4.4 mg/kg; Lagunetica-16.2 mg/kg. The MHD results: Aragua-21.4 µg/mouse; Waraira Repano-2.5 µg/mouse; Baruta-1.2 µg/mouse; La Boyera-1.4 µg/mouse and Lagunetica-12 µg/mouse. The hide powder azure results: Aragua-1.24 U/mg; La Boyera-2.26 U/mg; Baruta-2.83 U/mg; Lagunetica-3.28 U/mg and Waraira Repano-5.77 U/mg. Esterase specific activity on BAEE results: Waraira Repano-666.66 U/mg; La Boyera-805.5 U/mg; Baruta-900.00 U/mg; Lagunetica-922.19 U/mg and Aragua-1960.67 U/mg. Casein zymography showed digestion bands in the molecular weight above 100 and at 66.2 and 21.5 kDa. Analysis of casein degradation by SDS-PAGE showed two different degradation patterns. Fibrinolytic activity (mm2/µg) on fibrin plates results: Aragua-6.07; Lagunetica-27.6; Waraira Repano-35.7; La Boyera-44.27 and Baruta-45.63. In the fibrinogenolytic assay, the five venoms completely degraded the α chain after 1 min of incubation. None of the venoms completely degraded the ß and γ chains after 24 h incubation. The research indicated that venoms of B. venezuelensis of different geographic areas in Venezuela exhibit variances in composition and component concentrations; except the Aragua venom, all of them had high proteolytic activities.


Asunto(s)
Bothrops , Venenos de Crotálidos/toxicidad , Animales , Coagulación Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Caseínas/metabolismo , Venenos de Crotálidos/química , Venenos de Crotálidos/enzimología , Fibrinógeno/química , Fibrinólisis/efectos de los fármacos , Geografía , Hemorragia/inducido químicamente , Dosificación Letal Mediana , Ratones , Proteolisis/efectos de los fármacos , Venezuela
10.
Cir Cir ; 75(3): 169-74, 2007.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17659167

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The use of tension-free techniques has demonstrated the effectiveness in inguinal hernias. The most common are mesh plug and Lichtenstein patch. Recently, the Prolene Hernia System (PHS) has been introduced, with the advantage of a low rate of recurrence, prompt recovery to daily activities, and a short learning curve in the technique, making this procedure easy to perform in any hospital. We undertook this study to analyze the effectiveness of the PHS in patients with inguinal hernia in our Institution. METHODS: A prospective, observational and transverse study including 158 patients was carried out in our Institution in patients with inguinal hernia, using the PHS, between March 1998 and June 2003. Variables were sex, age, type of hernia, additional pathologies, time of evolution, anesthetic procedure, size of hernia sac, and complications, with a 4-year follow-up for final evaluation. RESULTS: Mean age of patients was 41 years, with a predominance of males. Primary hernia represented 93.7% of cases. According to the Gilbert classification, type II was the most frequent (46.8%), regional anesthesia was used, 75.3% of surgeries were ambulatory and complications were seroma (1.1%), hematoma (3.2%), wound infection (1.1%) and 6.3% of the cases had additional pathologies. There were no recurrences. CONCLUSIONS: This is an easy and useful technique in our institution. It is an ambulatory procedure with low morbidity and without recurrences.


Asunto(s)
Hernia Inguinal/cirugía , Polipropilenos , Mallas Quirúrgicas , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Diseño de Equipo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos
11.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop ; 39(2): 193-7, 2006.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16699649

RESUMEN

Several colubrid snakes produce venomous oral secretions. In this work, the venom collected from Venezuelan opisthoglyphous (rear-fanged) Philodryas olfersii snake was studied. Different proteins were present in its venom and they were characterized by 20% SDS-PAGE protein electrophoresis. The secretion exhibited proteolytic (gelatinase) activity, which was partially purified on a chromatography ionic exchange mono Q2 column. Additionally, the haemorrhagic activity of Philodryas olfersii venom on chicken embryos, mouse skin and peritoneum was demonstrated. Neurotoxic symptoms were demonstrated in mice inoculated with Philodryas olfersii venom. In conclusion, Philodryas olfersii venom showed proteolytic, haemorrhagic, and neurotoxic activities, thus increasing the interest in the high toxic action of Philodryas venom.


Asunto(s)
Colubridae , Hemorragia/inducido químicamente , Venenos de Serpiente/toxicidad , Animales , Embrión de Pollo , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida , Gelatinasas/análisis , Masculino , Ratones , Peritoneo/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Piel/efectos de los fármacos , Venenos de Serpiente/química
12.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo ; 46(5): 287-90, 2004.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15517037

RESUMEN

This is a case report of a "non-venomous" snake bite in a herpetologist observed at the Sciences Faculty of the Universidad de los Andes (Mérida, Venezuela). The patient was bitten on the middle finger of the left hand, and shows signs of pronounced local manifestations of envenomation such as bleeding from the tooth imprint, swelling and warmth. He was treated with local care, analgesics, and steroids. He was dismissed from the hospital and observed at home during five days with marked improvement of envenomation. The snake was brought to the medical consult and identified as a Thamnodynastes cf. pallidus specimen. This report represents the first T. pallidus accident described in a human.


Asunto(s)
Accidentes de Trabajo , Colubridae , Edema/etiología , Mordeduras de Serpientes/complicaciones , Venenos de Serpiente/envenenamiento , Animales , Edema/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Masculino , Mordeduras de Serpientes/tratamiento farmacológico , Venezuela
13.
Pediatrics ; 134(2): 257-64, 2014 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25022744

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Clamping and cutting of the umbilical cord is the most prevalent of all operations, but the optimal timing of cord clamping is controversial, with different timings offering advantages and disadvantages. This study, for the first time, compares the influence of early and late cord clamping in correlation with oxidative stress and inflammation signaling, Because cord clamping timing may have a significant influence on placenta-to-infant blood transfer, thereby modifying oxygenation of maternal and fetal tissues, and on the transfer of inflammatory mediators throughout the placenta. METHODS: Sixty-four pregnant subjects were selected at the Gynecology and Obstetrics Services Department of the Clinico San Cecilio Hospital, Granada, Spain, based on disease-free women who experienced a normal course of pregnancy and a spontaneous, vaginal, single delivery. Half of the subjects had deliveries with early-clamped newborn infants (at 10 s), and the other half had late-clamped deliveries (at 2 min). RESULTS: Erythrocyte catalase activity was significantly greater in the late-clamped group than in the early-clamped group (P < .01 for the umbilical vein and P < .001 for the artery). The values for superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant status, and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II were all significantly higher in the late-clamped group compared with the early-clamped group (P < .01, P < .001, and P < .001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest a beneficial effect of late cord clamping, produced by an increase in antioxidant capacity and moderation of the inflammatory-mediated effects induced during delivery of term neonates.


Asunto(s)
Recién Nacido/fisiología , Estrés Oxidativo/fisiología , Resultado del Embarazo , Cordón Umbilical , Catalasa/sangre , Constricción Patológica , Eritrocitos/enzimología , Femenino , Humanos , Mediadores de Inflamación/sangre , Interleucina-6/sangre , Tercer Periodo del Trabajo de Parto/fisiología , Ligadura/normas , Circulación Placentaria/fisiología , Hemorragia Posparto/prevención & control , Embarazo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutasa/sangre , Nacimiento a Término , Factores de Tiempo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/sangre , Cordón Umbilical/irrigación sanguínea , Cordón Umbilical/cirugía
14.
Rev. cuba. invest. bioméd ; 38(2): 44-54, abr.-jun. 2019. tab
Artículo en Español | LILACS-Express | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093390

RESUMEN

Introducción: El análisis de indicadores biomédicos como parte de la teoría y metodología del entrenamiento deportivo es sustancial en su proceso de dirección. Describe y analiza los efectos fisiológicos del entrenamiento específico en hipoxia en pentatletas es la base prospectiva para modelar entrenamientos efectivos que incidan significativamente en el rendimiento deportivo, permitiendo la dosificación correcta del estímulo físico. Objetivo: Determinar algunos indicadores relacionados con el intercambio de gases respiratorios, respuestas cardiacas y metabólicas en la altitud de pentatletas masculinos Sub 23 del Ecuador. Métodos: Se estudió la población del equipo masculino de Pentatlón Militar de las Fuerzas Armadas Ecuatorianas categoría Sub23 (6 sujetos) durante el macrociclo de entrenamiento del año 2014. Se investigaron indicadores de peso, frecuencia cardiaca, vo2 máximo, ritmo, velocidad, lactato, coeficiente de correlación y velocidad de recuperación de la frecuencia cardiaca y del lactato en sangre. Resultados: Se describieron los datos individuales y promedios de la población estudiada, entre los datos más relevantes se estimó una frecuencia cardiaca en reposo con un promedio de 46,33 por ciento, por debajo de las normativas internacionales. Otros indicadores también se comportaron muy por debajo de lo esperado, aunque el análisis individual de los sujetos mostró características útiles para futuros entrenamientos. Conclusiones: Potenciar aún más los parámetros funcionales investigados a través de un mejor estímulo físico, aprovechando las ventajas inherentes del entrenamiento en la altura y conformando posteriormente baremos nacionales de interés para el entrenador y la comisión técnica del deporte estudiado (AU)


Introduction: Analysis of biomedical indicators as a component of sport training theory and methodology is a crucial part of its management process. Describing and analyzing the physiological effects of specific hypoxic training on pentathletes is the prospective basis to model effective training programs significantly impacting on sport performance, allowing appropriate dosing of physical stimuli. Objective: Determine some indicators related to breathing gas exchange and cardiac and metabolic responses by male under-23 Ecuadorian pentathletes during altitude training. Methods: A study was conducted of the male under-23 military pentathlon team of the Ecuadorian Armed Forces (six subjects) during the 2014 training macrocycle. The indicators analyzed were weight, heart rate, VO2 max, rhythm, speed, lactate, correlation coefficient, and blood lactate and heart rate recovery speed. Results: Four tables show the data obtained, both individual and average for the study population. The most relevant data include an estimate of heart rate at rest with an average 46.33 ppm, below international standards. Other indicators were also considerably lower than the values expected, but individual analysis of subjects revealed characteristics useful for future training. Conclusions: It is recommended to further strengthen the functional parameters studied via a better use of physical stimuli, making use of the advantages inherent to altitude training to eventually develop national standard values of interest to both trainers and the technical committee for the sport being analyzed (AU)


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino
15.
PLoS One ; 7(1): e30569, 2012.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22272362

RESUMEN

Pest control is one of the areas in which population dynamic theory has been successfully applied to solve practical problems. However, the links between population dynamic theory and model construction have been less emphasized in the management and control of weed populations. Most management models of weed population dynamics have emphasized the role of the endogenous process, but the role of exogenous variables such as climate have been ignored in the study of weed populations and their management. Here, we use long-term data (22 years) on two annual weed species from a locality in Central Spain to determine the importance of endogenous and exogenous processes (local and large-scale climate factors). Our modeling study determined two different feedback structures and climate effects in the two weed species analyzed. While Descurainia sophia exhibited a second-order feedback and low climate influence, Veronica hederifolia was characterized by a first-order feedback structure and important effects from temperature and rainfall. Our results strongly suggest the importance of theoretical population dynamics in understanding plant population systems. Moreover, the use of this approach, discerning between the effect of exogenous and endogenous factors, can be fundamental to applying weed management practices in agricultural systems and to controlling invasive weedy species. This is a radical change from most approaches currently used to guide weed and invasive weedy species managements.


Asunto(s)
Brassicaceae/crecimiento & desarrollo , Clima , Retroalimentación Fisiológica/fisiología , Veronica/crecimiento & desarrollo , Algoritmos , Ecosistema , Modelos Biológicos , Densidad de Población , Dinámica Poblacional , España , Especificidad de la Especie , Factores de Tiempo , Control de Malezas
16.
Toxicon ; 58(1): 35-45, 2011 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21596052

RESUMEN

The coral snake Micrurus tener tener (Mtt) from the Elapidae family inhabits the southwestern United States and produces severe cases of envenomations. Although the majority of Mtt venom components are neurotoxins and phospholipase A2s, this study demonstrated, by SDS-PAGE and molecular exclusion chromatography (MEC), that these venoms also contain high-molecular-weight proteins between 50 and 150 kDa that target the hemostatic system. The biological aspects of other Micrurus venoms were also studied, such as the LD50s of Micrurus isozonus (from 0.52 to 0.61 mg/kg). A pool from these venoms presented a LD50 of 0.57 mg/kg, Micrurus f. fulvius (Mff) and Mtt had LD50s of 0.32 and 0.78 mg/kg, respectively. These venoms contained fibrino(geno)lytic activity, they inhibited platelet aggregation, as well as factor Xa and/or plasmin-like activities. M. isozonus venoms from different Venezuelan geographical regions inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation (from 50 to 68%). Micrurus tener tener venom from the United States was the most active with a 95.2% inhibitory effect. This venom showed thrombin-like activity on fibrinogen and human plasma. Fractions of Mtt showed fibrino(geno)lytic activity and inhibition on plasmin amidolytic activity. Several fractions degraded the fibrinogen Aα chains, and fractions F2 and F7 completely degraded both fibrinogen Aα and Bß chains. To our knowledge, this is the first report on thrombin-like and fibrino(geno)lytic activity and plasmin or factor Xa inhibitors described in Micrurus venoms. Further purification and characterization of these Micrurus venom components could be of therapeutic use in the treatment of hemostatic disorders.


Asunto(s)
Venenos Elapídicos/toxicidad , Fibrinolíticos/toxicidad , Hemostáticos/toxicidad , Animales , Coagulación Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Venenos Elapídicos/química , Venenos Elapídicos/farmacología , Elapidae , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida , Femenino , Fibrinolíticos/química , Fibrinolíticos/farmacología , Hemostáticos/química , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Humanos , Dosificación Letal Mediana , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Plasma/efectos de los fármacos , Agregación Plaquetaria/efectos de los fármacos , Especificidad de la Especie
17.
Rev Cubana Med Trop ; 62(1): 77-80, 2010.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23431642

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: ant stings in nations located in the tropical and subtropical regions were generally benign and not frequent; however, at present a higher number of cases develop serious allergic reactions that may evolve into anaphylactic shock or severe urticaria. METHODS: review of the case of a young man suffering moderate allergic reaction to ant stings and comments on the biomedical importance of this event. This is the second accident described in literature and associated with Odontomachus bauri ant, which stresses its epidemiological weight in the future. The clinical signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction together with some biological aspects of the ant were described. The patient was treated with hydrocortisone sodium succynate (100 mg/stat) and systemic antihistaminic drug Loratadina. CONCLUSIONS: allergic reactions as a result of hymenoptera stings is becoming a growing problem in many countries; therefore it is essential that the medical authorities be aware of the dermatological and systemic manifestations affecting some patients stung by ants.


Asunto(s)
Venenos de Hormiga , Hipersensibilidad/etiología , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos/complicaciones , Adulto , Animales , Hormigas , Humanos , Masculino , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad
18.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 8(2): 211-214, set. 2014.
Artículo en Español | LILACS | ID: lil-722889

RESUMEN

La infección endodóntica es la infección que afecta al sistema de conductos radiculares y, sin duda, es el principal agente etiológico de las periodontitis apicales. Además, de las bacterias patógenas endodónticas, se ha buscado en los últimos años asociar la presencia de virus en distintos tipos de patología endodóntica. Los virus que más se han buscado y asociado son los pertenecientes a la familia herpesvirus, los cuales se han encontrado presentes en patologías periapicales principalmente. Se ha buscado además, relacionar su presencia a patologías que cursan con mayor sintomatología, o que presentan a la imagen radiográfica destrucciones óseas periapicales mayores. El rol de los virus en las lesiones apicales de origen endodóntico está aún poco claro, se habla de efectos acumulativos a los de las bacterias, además de posibles inmunosupresiones locales que favorecerían el crecimiento y el efecto de estas últimas.


Endodontic infection is an infection of the root canal system and undoubtedly is the main etiological agent of apical periodontitis. In recent years, research has aimed to associate the presence of virus and endodontic bacterial pathogens in the different types of endodontic disease. The most common viruses that have been researched and associated are members of the herpesvirus family, which are mainly present in periapical pathologies. Furthermore, research has been carried out relating their presence to pathologies with important symptoms, or those where radiographic imaging shows extensive apical bone reabsorption. The role of viruses in apical lesions of endodontic origin are still unclear, it hypothesizes the cumulative effect with bacteria, in addition to possible local immunosuppression that favors the growth and the effect of bacteria.

20.
Rev. cuba. med. trop ; 62(1): 117-124, ene.-abr. 2010.
Artículo en Español | LILACS | ID: lil-584930

RESUMEN

INTRODUCCIÓN: en países del área tropical y subtropical las picaduras de hormiga eran generalmente benignas, autolimitadas; sin embargo, en la actualidad se describe un mayor número de casos, que se desarrollan con cuadros alérgicos graves que pueden evolucionar hasta el choque anafiláctico o urticarias severas. MÉTODOS: un adulto joven con una reacción alérgica moderada para una picadura de hormiga es revisado y comentado en cuanto a su importancia biomédica. Se trata del segundo accidente descrito en la literatura causado por la hormiga Odontomachus bauri, lo cual acentúa su importancia epidemiológica futura. Se hace una descripción de los signos y síntomas clínicos de una reacción alérgica, así como de algunos aspectos biológicos de la hormiga. El paciente fue tratado con succinato sódico de hidrocortisona (100 mg/stat) y el antihistamínico sistémico loratadina. CONCLUSIONES: las reacciones alérgicas a consecuencia de reacciones de picadura de himenóptera se están haciendo un problema creciente en muchos países, es importante que las autoridades médicas se hagan conscientes de sus manifestaciones dermatológicas y sistémicas, que aquejan a algunos de los pacientes picados o mordidos por hormigas.


INTRODUCTION: ant stings in nations located in the tropical and subtropical regions were generally benign and not frequent; however, at present a higher number of cases develop serious allergic reactions that may evolve into anaphylactic shock or severe urticaria. METHODS: review of the case of a young man suffering moderate allergic reaction to ant stings and comments on the biomedical importance of this event. This is the second accident described in literature and associated with Odontomachus bauri ant, which stresses its epidemiological weight in the future. The clinical signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction together with some biological aspects of the ant were described. The patient was treated with hydrocortisone sodium succynate (100mg/stat) and systemic antihistaminic drug Loratadina. CONCLUSIONS: allergic reactions as a result of hymenoptera stings is becoming a growing problem in many countries; therefore it is essential that the medical authorities be aware of the dermatological and systemic manifestations affecting some patients stung by ants.


Asunto(s)
Adulto , Animales , Humanos , Masculino , Venenos de Hormiga , Hipersensibilidad/etiología , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos/complicaciones , Hormigas , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad
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