Land clearance in the irish neolithic: new evidence and interpretation.

Time scales are derived, from radiocarbon dating of pollen diagrams, for Neolithic land clearance at three Irish sites. Three stages are distinguished beginning in the 4th millennium B.C.: stage A, clearance and farming (possibly arable), 100 to 400 years; stage B, farming (possibly pastoral), 150 to 200 years; and stage C, forest regeneration, 50 to 100 years.

Topical imiquimod.

In this ever-expanding world of immunologic advancements, Drs Langley and Pearson have undertaken this timely, succinct review of imiquimod. Given its direct actions on monocytes and macrophages, as well as the many diverse cytokine effects that follow from these events, topical imiquimod has already solidly established itself as a successful treatment for condylomata and molluscum, and will likely show continued therapeutic applications in the future.