Pre-term birth and asthma is associated with hypomineralized second primary molars in pre-schoolers: A population-based study.

BACKGROUND: Hypomineralized second primary molar (HSPM) is a developmental enamel defect that represents a caries-risk factor. There are few studies about HSPM epidemiology in representative populations. AIM: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with HSPM in pre-schoolers. DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional population-based study of 5-year-old pre-schoolers from Teresina, Brazil. The sample was randomly selected and stratified by geographic region of the city, type of school (public and private), and sex of the pre-schoolers (n = 811). Sociodemographic status and pre-, peri-, and post-natal conditions were collected by structured questionnaires. Two calibrated examiners diagnosed HSPM using the criteria of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry for molar-incisor hypomineralization. Severity, colour, location, and extent of lesions were also evaluated. Descriptive analysis of the data and a Poisson regression analysis were performed (P < .05). RESULTS: The prevalence of HSPM was 14.9. Demarcated opacities (75.6%) and white/cream colour were the most prevalent (71.4%). Pre-term pre-schoolers had 66% (PR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.07-2.58), and those who reported asthma in the first year of life had 69% (PR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.01-2.85) higher prevalence of HSPM. CONCLUSIONS: Pre-term birth and reported asthma in the first year of life were associated with HSPM. The prevalence of HSPM in pre-schoolers aged 5 years old in Teresina was high.

Consumption of Acidic Beverages is a Predisposing Factor for Erosive Tooth Wear in Preschool Children: A Population-based Study.

Purpose: In a cross-sectional population-based study of 888 5-year-old preschoolers from Teresina, Brazil, to determine the prevalence and factors associated with erosive tooth wear (ETW).
Materials and Methods: In a questionnaire, parents provided information on sociodemographic factors, their children's eating/drinking habits, and oral health. Dental examination was performed at the schools by two calibrated examiners for the diagnosis of ETW, following the criteria of the modified O'Brien Index.
Results: The prevalence of ETW was 3.3%. The maxillary incisors were the most highly affected teeth, followed by the mandibular and maxillary molars. The majority of the lesions reached only the enamel (72.1%) and up to 1/3 of the dental surface (63.1%). The occlusal surface was the most affected (47.8%). Preschoolers who had an acidic food-consumption profile had a 2.74 times (95% CI = 1.03-7.30) higher chance of having ETW than children without this profile.
Conclusion: The prevalence of erosive tooth wear on the deciduous teeth was low and associated with the consumption of acidic beverages.

Timing of sugar introduction in diet and early childhood caries: a population-based study in preschoolers / Momento de introdução de açúcar na dieta e cárie na primeira infância: um estudo de base populacional em pré-escolares

Abstract Introduction Sugar ingestion is the most important isolated factor related to dental caries. Contact with sugary foods at an early age may represent a risk to the oral health of preschool children. Objective To evaluate the timing of the introduction of sugar in the diet of preschoolers and its association with early childhood caries. Material and method Cross-sectional population-based study with 888 five-year-old preschoolers from public and private schools. Parents answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic data, eating habits and oral health. The variables timing of sugar introduction (>1 year and ≤1 year) and dental caries experience were dichotomized and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Poisson regression (p<0.05). Result The introduction of sugar in the diet occurred during the first twelve months of life for 73.8% of preschoolers. There was no association between the timing of sugar introduction and early childhood caries (p>0.05). The interruption of exclusive breastfeeding and low family income increased the prevalence of preschoolers having early contact with sugar by 32% and 23%, respectively (p<0.05). The prevalence of early childhood caries was 42.3% and was associated with a lower level of maternal education, low income, increased frequency of ingestion of candy and the use of nonfluoridated toothpaste (p<0.05). Conclusion The introduction of sugar in the diet occurred during the first year of life in most preschoolers and there was no association with early childhood caries.

Resumo Introdução A ingestão de açúcar é um importante fator relacionado à cárie dentária. O contato com alimentos açucarados em idade precoce pode representar risco para a saúde bucal de crianças em idade pré-escolar. Objetivo Avaliar o momento de introdução do açúcar na dieta de pré-escolares e sua associação com a cárie na primeira infância. Material e método Estudo transversal de base populacional com 888 pré-escolares de cinco anos de escolas públicas e privadas. Os pais responderam questionário sobre dados sociodemográficos, hábitos alimentares e saúde bucal. As variáveis ​​tempo de introdução do açúcar (> 1 ano e ≤1 ano) e experiência de cárie dentária foram dicotomizadas e os dados foram analisados ​​por meio de estatística descritiva e regressão de Poisson (p <0,05). Resultado A introdução do açúcar na dieta ocorreu nos primeiros doze meses de vida para 73,8% dos pré-escolares. Não houve associação entre o momento de introdução do açúcar e a cárie na primeira infância (p> 0,05). A interrupção do aleitamento materno exclusivo e a baixa renda familiar aumentaram a prevalência de pré-escolares com contato precoce com açúcar em 32% e 23%, respectivamente (p <0,05). A prevalência de cárie na primeira infância foi de 42,3% e esteve associada à menor escolaridade materna, baixa renda, maior frequência de ingestão de doces e uso de dentifrício não fluoretado (p <0,05). Conclusão A introdução de açúcar na dieta ocorreu durante o primeiro ano de vida na maioria dos pré-escolares e não houve associação com cárie na primeira infância.

Nível de satisfação dos pais/responsáveis de crianças atendidas em programa odontológico de atenção materno-infantil / Satisfaction level of parents of children in a dental program of maternal child attention

Objetivo: avaliar o nível de satisfação dos pais e/ou responsáveis de crianças atendidas em programa odontológico deatenção materno-infantil e implantar um sistema permanente de avaliação simplificada das ações desenvolvidas.Metodologia: estudo transversal quantitativo, desenvolvido no Instituto de Perinatologia Social do Piauí onde funciona oPrograma Preventivo para Gestantes e Bebês (PPGB). Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário estruturadoauto administrado e uma escala visual simplificada que continha questões relativas à percepção dos mesmos logo após oatendimento. Foram aplicados 569 questionários no período de março a outubro de 2014. Foi realizada a análisedescritiva das variáveis categóricas. Resultados: os itens acolhimento, ambiente, atendimento, importância doatendimento e localização do programa tiveram aprovação “ótimo” e “bom” entre 91% e 97,7% no questionário, enquantona escala visual os valores ficaram entre 76,6% e 98,8% de satisfação. A localização obteve o menor índice de satisfaçãotanto no questionário como na escala visual. Conclusão: o Programa Preventivo para Gestantes e Bebês foi bem avaliadopor pais e/ou responsáveis pelas crianças atendidas e a implantação de um sistema permanente de avaliação simplificadadas ações desenvolvidas é viável e de fácil aplicação.

Objective: evaluating the level of satisfaction of the parents and/or caregivers of children attending a dental program formaternal and child care and establishing a permanent system of simplified evaluation of the actions developed.Methodology: a quantitative cross-sectional study, developed at the Institute of Social Perinatology of Piauí where thePreventive Program for Pregnant Women and Babies (PPGB) works. The data were collected through a structured selfadministeredquestionnaire and a simplified visual scale that contained questions regarding their perception soon after thecare. A total of 569 questionnaires were applied from March to October 2014. A descriptive analysis of the categoricalvariables was performed. Results: the items welcoming, ambience, attendance, importance of attendance and location ofthe program had "excellent" and "good" approval between 91% and 97.7% in the questionnaire, whereas in the visual scalethe values were between 76.6% and 98.8% satisfaction. The location obtained the lowest index of satisfaction in both thequestionnaire and the visual scale. Conclusion: the Preventive Program for Pregnant Women and Babies was wellevaluated by parents and/or caregivers of children and the implementation of a permanent system of simplifiedevaluation of actions developed is feasible and easy to apply.

Percepção dos estudantes de odontologia quanto à conduta clínica frente às recessões teciduais marginais / Perception of dentistry students for clinical conduct front of marginal tissue recession

Introdução: A recessão tecidual marginal (RTM) corresponde à perda de inserção, resultando em um deslocamento e migração apical da margem gengival em relação à junção amelocementária. Atualmente a classificação de Miller (1985) é a mais utilizada pela literatura para categorizar os diferentes graus de RTM. Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento dos acadêmicos de odontologia de uma instituição pública de ensino superior, frente à tomada de decisões para o tratamento das recessões teciduais marginais. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo descritivo, cujos dados foram obtidos através de questionários aplicados a acadêmicos de odontologia do sétimo ao nono período de uma instituição de ensino superior. Resultados: detectou-se que 92,65% dos entrevistados afirmaram ter recebido na graduação informações sobre a etiologia das RTM, no entanto, somente 25% sentiam-se preparados para estabelecer um plano de tratamento. Outra descoberta foi que 82,35% dos participantes afirmaram desconhecer a classificação de Miller; em consonância apenas 20,59% conheciam seu pior prognóstico. A sensibilidade dentinária foi apontada como a principal indicação de recobrimento radicular a partir cirurgias mucogengivais em virtude de uma RTM (34,82%). Para 72% dos entrevistados uma mudança na técnica de escovação não solucionaria um caso de recessão. A ortodontia não foi mencionada como possibilidade de solução para a recessão em 51% das respostas. A totalidade, ou seja, 100% da amostra apontou a necessidade de abordagens mais efetivas durante a graduação quanto à etiologia e tratamento da RTM. Conclusão: Os entrevistados evidenciaram um desconhecimento sobre a classificação e tratamento da patologia (AU)

Introduction: The marginal tissue recession (MTR) corresponds to loss of insertion, resulting in a displacement and apical migration of the gingival margin in relation to the cementoenamel junction. Currently Miller's classification (1985) is the most used in the literature to categorize the different degrees of MTR. Objective: To evaluate the knowledge of dental studants of a public institution of higher education, face of decision making for the treatment of marginal tissue recessions. Methodology: Descriptive quantitative study, whose data were obtained through questionnaires applied to dental students from the seventh to the ninth period of a higher education institution. Results: 92.65% of the respondents stated that they had received information about MTR etiology, but only 25% felt prepared to establish a treatment plan. 82.35% of participants reported didn't know Miller's classification; And only 20.59% knew their worst prognosis. The dentin sensitivity was pointed as the main indication of root coverage as from pedicle flaps due to an MTR (34.82%). For 72% of respondents a change in the technique of brushing would not solve a case of recession. Orthodontics also wasn't mentioned as a possible solution to recession in 51% of the answers. 100% of the sample pointed out the need of more effective approaches during graduation regarding the etiology and treatment of MTR. Conclusion: The interviewees showed didn't know about the classification and treatment of the condition. (AU)