RESUMEN
The diagnostic criteria, treatments at the time of admission, and drugs used in patients with acute coronary syndrome are well defined in countless guidelines. However, there is uncertainty about the measures to recommend during patient discharge planning. This document brings together the most recent evidence and the standardized and optimal treatment for patients at the time of discharge from hospitalization for an acute coronary syndrome, for comprehensive and safe care in the patient's transition between care from the acute event to the outpatient care, with the aim of optimizing the recovery of viable myocardium, guaranteeing the most appropriate secondary prevention, reducing the risk of a new coronary event and mortality, as well as the adequate reintegration of patients into daily life.
Los criterios diagnósticos, los tratamientos en el momento de la admisión y los fármacos utilizados en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo están bien definidos en innumerables guías. Sin embargo, existe incertidumbre acerca de las medidas para recomendar durante la planificación del egreso de los pacientes. Este documento reúne las evidencias más recientes y el tratamiento estandarizado y óptimo para los pacientes al momento del egreso de una hospitalización por un síndrome coronario agudo, para un cuidado integral y seguro en la transición del paciente entre la atención del evento agudo y el cuidado ambulatorio, con el objetivo de optimizar la recuperación de miocardio viable, garantizar la prevención secundaria más adecuada, reducir el riesgo de un nuevo evento coronario y la mortalidad, así como la adecuada reinserción de los pacientes en la vida cotidiana.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome Coronario Agudo , Alta del Paciente , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/terapia , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/diagnóstico , Humanos , América Latina , Guías de Práctica Clínica como AsuntoRESUMEN
Hypertension is a leading risk factor for disease burden globally. An unresolved question is whether grade 1 hypertension (140-159/90-99mmHg) with low (cardiovascular mortality <1% at 10 years) to moderate (cardiovascular mortality ≥1% and <5% at 10 years) absolute total cardiovascular risk (CVR) should be treated with antihypertensive agents. A virtual international consultation process was undertaken to summarize the opinions of select experts. After holistic analysis of all epidemiological, clinical, psychosocial, and public health elements, this consultation process reached the following consensus in hypertensive adults aged <80 years: (1) The question of whether drug treatment in grade 1 should be preceded by a period of some weeks or months during which only lifestyle measures are recommended cannot be evidence based, but the consensus opinion is to have a period of lifestyle alone reserved only to patients with grade 1 "isolated" hypertension (grade 1 uncomplicated hypertension with low absolute total CVR, and without other major CVR factors and risk modifiers). (2) The initiation of antihypertensive drug therapy in grade 1 hypertension with moderate absolute total CVR should not be delayed. (3) Men ≥55 years and women ≥60 years with uncomplicated grade 1 hypertension should automatically be classified within the moderate absolute total CVR category, even in the absence of other major CVR factors and risk modifiers. (4) Statins should be considered along with blood-pressure lowering therapy, irrespective of cholesterol levels, in patients with grade 1 hypertensive with moderate CVR.
Asunto(s)
Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Femenino , Cardiopatías/etiología , Humanos , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Masculino , RiesgoRESUMEN
Para evaluar la eficacia y la seguridad de 10mg/día de pravastatin en el tratamiento de la hipercolesterolemia primaria, 564 pacientes (con colesterolemia mayor de 240 mg/día al cabo de 4 semanas de dieta) fueron tratados durante 8 semanas. El perfil lipídico mejoró significativamente (p< 0,01) tanto a las 4 como a las 8 semanas de tratamiento. Sólo 42 pacientes (7,4 por ciento) presentaron efectos colaterales y no hubo cambios significativos en los parámetros no lipídicos. En conclusión, el pravastatin resultó ser una droga eficaz y segura para el tratamiento de la hipercolesterolemia primaria