Values and COVID-19 worries: The importance of emotional stability traits.

We examined the relationship between emotional stability as a more stable personality trait and COVID-related worries with basic human values in a Brazilian sample (N = 578) that is strongly affected by COVID-19. We tested whether emotional stability would moderate the effect of infection and economic worries on personal values. In line with predictions, we found that infection worries were more strongly related to Security values, especially among individuals with less emotional stability, whereas economic worries were more strongly correlated with Power values, in particular among individuals with less emotional stability. Findings for Achievement values suggested perceived behavioral control effects for individuals high in Emotional Stability. Our findings provide insights into possible longer-term psychological effects of the current pandemic. Emotional dynamics in connection with worries created by the pandemic could influence values of importance for societal functioning in the short to medium term.

Is Weiner's attribution-help model stable across cultures? A test in Brazilian subcultures.

The effect of attribution of responsibility on the intention to help is a well-studied effect. The Weiner model of attribution-emotion-help is the main theoretical development to describe the structural relation between these variables. Some research results have suggested that culture influences the relation between model variables. Collectivists tend to show more compassionate emotions independent of attribution of responsibility whereby emotion is no longer a mediator. The present research aims to test the Weiner model in Brazil, a country with established subcultures and clear distinctions in the collectivism-individualism dimension across its regions. An experiment with 1,569 participants from all five Brazilian regions was conducted. Path analysis revealed that more socially oriented participants tended to feel more compassion for the experimental scenario's protagonist, independent of controllability manipulation, decreasing the effect of emotions in the model. These results depict the effect of culture on the model, questioning the stability of the model across cultures.

Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockade restores angiotensin-(1-7)-induced coronary vasodilation in hypertrophic rat hearts.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the coronary effects of Ang-(1-7) [angiotensin-(1-7)] in hypertrophic rat hearts. Heart hypertrophy was induced by abdominal aorta CoA (coarctation). Ang-(1-7) and AVE 0991, a non-peptide Mas-receptor agonist, at picomolar concentration, induced a significant vasodilation in hearts from sham-operated rats. These effects were blocked by the Mas receptor antagonist A-779. Pre-treatment with L-NAME (N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester) or ODQ (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinozalin-1-one) [NOS (NO synthase) and soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitors respectively] also abolished the effect of Ang-(1-7) in control hearts. The coronary vasodilation produced by Ang-(1-7) and AVE 0991 was completely blunted in hypertrophic hearts. Chronic oral administration of losartan in CoA rats restored the coronary vasodilation effect of Ang-(1-7). This effect was blocked by A-779 and AT2 receptor (angiotensin II type 2 receptor) antagonist PD123319. Acute pre-incubation with losartan also restored the Ang-(1-7)-induced, but not BK (bradykinin)-induced, coronary vasodilation in hypertrophic hearts. This effect was inhibited by A-779, PD123319 and L-NAME. Chronic treatment with losartan did not change the protein expression of Mas and AT2 receptor and ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) and ACE2 in coronary arteries from CoA rats, but induced a slight increase in AT2 receptor in aorta of these animals. Ang-(1-7)-induced relaxation in aortas from sham-operated rats was absent in aortas from CoA rats. In vitro pre-treatment with losartan restored the Ang-(1-7)-induced relaxation in aortic rings of CoA rats, which was blocked by the Mas antagonist A-779 and L-NAME. These data demonstrate that Mas is strongly involved in coronary vasodilation and that AT1 receptor (angiotensin II type 1 receptor) blockade potentiates the vasodilatory effects of Ang-(1-7) in the coronary beds of pressure-overloaded rat hearts through NO-related AT2- and Mas-receptor-dependent mechanisms. These data suggest the association of Ang-(1-7) and AT1 receptor antagonists as a potential therapeutic avenue for coronary artery diseases.

A Vanadium(V) complexes derived from pyridoxal/salicylaldehyde. Interaction with CT-DNA/HSA, and molecular docking assessments.

With the increasing development of metallopharmaceuticals, coordination compounds become viable alternatives for therapeutic uses. Despite the importance of platinum derivatives in this area, first-row transition metals complexes are welcome due to their characteristics. Vanadium is a promising metal in this context, as it has a range of compounds with different biological applications, including anticancer therapeutic effects. In this effort, the study of interactions between coordination compounds with deoxyribonucleic acid and with human serum albumin is fundamental. In this way, ten iminic ligands were synthesized by condensing p-substituted aromatic benzohydrazides (OH, CH3, H, NO2, and NH2) with salicylaldehyde (L1As-L5As) or pyridoxal hydrochloride (L1P-L5P). These ligands have characteristics that allow the tridentate coordination of vanadium cations, leading to the formation of ten vanadium(V) complexes (C1As-C5As and C1P-C5P) with different structural features, all characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis and infrared spectroscopies, and cyclic voltammetry. In addition, the complexes were tested for their interactions with calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid and human serum albumin by spectroscopic assays and molecular docking calculations. These new results can contribute to further research and provide different ways to design new vanadium complexes with biological applications.

Harmful Leader Behaviors: Toward an Increased Understanding of How Different Forms of Unethical Leader Behavior Can Harm Subordinates.

Research on unethical leadership has predominantly focused on interpersonal and high-intensity forms of harmful leader behavior such as abusive supervision. Other forms of harmful leader behavior such as excessively pressuring subordinates or acting in self-centered ways have received less attention, despite being harmful and potentially occurring more frequently. We propose a model of four types of harmful leader behavior (HLB) varying in intensity (high vs low) and orientation (people/relationships or tasks/goals): Intimidation, Lack of Care, Self-Centeredness, and Excessive Pressure for Results. We map out how these relate to other constructs in the unethical leader behavior field in order to integrate the existing work on how leaders can cause harm to followers. Next, in five studies (N = 35, N = 218, N = 352, N = 160, N = 1921 in 196 teams), we develop and test a new survey instrument measuring the four proposed types of perceived HLB. We provide initial validity evidence for this new measure, establish its psychometric properties, and examine its nomological network by linking the four types of HLB to related leadership constructs and soft and hard outcome correlates at the individual and team level. We find that HLB is negatively related to constructive forms of leadership (e.g., ethical and transformational) and positively to unethical ones (e.g., abusive supervision). HLB is also related in the expected direction to job satisfaction, engagement, psychological safety, knowledge sharing, knowledge hiding, deviance, and objectively recorded team-level stress-related absenteeism.

Burnout syndrome in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review.

There is evidence that harm to the mental health of healthcare workers has occurred during the pandemic caused by COVID-19. The burnout syndrome is a form of exhaustion that occurs in occupational settings and is a condition caused by long-term stress in the workplace. The objectives of this systematic review of observational studies were to present data from research into the prevalence of burnout syndrome in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic and observe its prevalence among frontline workers. The search was conducted on the MEDLINE, LILACS, and Embase databases from 2019 to May of 2021 and returned 538 publications, which underwent a two-stage process of selection by independent peers, resulting in selection of a sample of 29 articles. Data were then extracted and synthesized for presentation in narrative form. Cross-sectional designs were more prevalent (n = 26) than longitudinal studies (n = 3). The sample included research from 19 different countries, with one Brazilian study. A wide range of different instruments were administered by study authors to assess burnout syndrome, the most common of which was the Maslach Burnout Inventory (n = 13). The prevalence of burnout syndrome in the studies varied from 76 to 14.7%. Data on the relationship between development of burnout syndrome and working on the frontline were controversial. The lack of standardization of burnout syndrome assessment was a source of considerable difficulty, compromising comparability of the results, and should therefore be targeted for improvement by researchers. We suggest that more investigations should be conducted into prevalence and the associated factors of risk and protection.

The influence of maternal anxiety and depression symptoms on fNIRS brain responses to emotional faces in 5- and 7-month-old infants.

Greater relative right (versus left) frontal cortical activation to emotional faces as measured with alpha power in the electroencephalogram (EEG), has been considered a promising neural marker of increased vulnerability to psychopathology and emotional disorders. We set out to explore multichannel fNIRS as a tool to investigate infants' frontal asymmetry responses (hypothesizing greater right versus left frontal cortex activation) to emotional faces as influenced by maternal anxiety and depression symptoms during the postnatal period. We also explored activation differences in fronto-temporal regions associated with facial emotion processing. Ninety-one typically developing 5- and 7-month-old infants were shown photographs of women portraying happy, fearful and angry expressions. Hemodynamic brain responses were analyzed over two frontopolar and seven bilateral cortical regions subdivided into frontal, temporal and parietal areas, defined by age-appropriate MRI templates. Infants of mothers reporting higher negative affect had greater oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) activation across all emotions over the left inferior frontal gyrus, a region implicated in emotional communication. Follow-up analyses indicated that associations were driven by maternal depression, but not anxiety symptoms. Overall, we found no support for greater right versus left frontal cortex activation in association with maternal negative affect. Findings point to the potential utility of fNIRS as a method for identifying altered neural substrates associated with exposure to maternal depression in infancy.

High mortality by nosocomial infections caused by carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa in a referral hospital in Brazil: facing the perfect storm.

Introduction. Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for increased patient mortality.Gap Statement. Five and 30 day in-hospital all-cause mortality in patients with P. aeruginosa infections were assessed, followed by evaluations concerning potential correlations between the type III secretion system (TTSS) genotype and the production of metallo-ß-lactamase (MBL).Methodology. This assessment comprised a retrospective cohort study including consecutive patients with carbapenem-resistant infections hospitalized in Brazil from January 2009 to June 2019. PCR analyses were performed to determine the presence of TTSS-encoding genes and MBL genes.Results. The 30-day and 5-day mortality rates for 262 patients were 36.6 and 17.9 %, respectively. The unadjusted survival probabilities for up to 5 days were 70.55 % for patients presenting exoU-positive isolates and 86 % for those presenting exo-negative isolates. The use of urinary catheters, as well as the presence of comorbidity conditions, secondary bacteremia related to the respiratory tract, were independently associated with death at 5 and 30 days. The exoS gene was detected in 64.8 % of the isolates, the presence of the exoT and exoY genes varied and exoU genes occurred in 19.3 % of the isolates. The exoU genotype was significantly more frequent among multiresistant strains. MBL genes were not detected in 92 % of the isolates.Conclusions. Inappropriate therapy is a crucial factor regarding the worse prognosis among patients with infections caused by multiresistant P. aeruginosa, especially those who died within 5 days of diagnosis, regardless of the genotype associated with TTSS virulence.

Tutorial on Diarrhea and Enteral Nutrition: A Comprehensive Step-By-Step Approach.

This tutorial suggests a current strategy toward a multiprofessional therapy based upon a comprehensive step-by-step approach to the course of intensive care unit diarrhea episodes. Evidence published in the last 10 years, obtained through a database search (PubMed), shows that its prevalence is quite variable. Although multicausal, it is often erroneously associated with the supply of enteral nutrition. Several complications affect not only nutrition status but also the development of skin lesions, which can become the focus of infections, and the length of hospital stay. Here, we propose an early, objective, directed, and multimodal approach, aiming at optimizing care for these patients. In a dynamic walkthrough, the reader will find a guide for the general diagnosis and for colitis resulting from Clostridium difficile infections, as well as current instructions and recommendations for drug treatment and supportive therapy for these 2 modalities. We also bring together ways to prevent and treat associated skin lesions in this setting. Because it is neglected in the critical environment, diarrhea is still a poorly addressed disease, and its complications bring about a significant worsening in quality of life and hospital stay.

Prevalência e fatores de riscos associados à hipertensão arterial em idosos hospitalizados / Prevalence and risk factors associated with hypertension in hospitalized elderly

Introdução: A hipertensão é o principal fator contribuidor para todas as causas de morte e invalidez. Alterações fisiopatológicas em razão do envelhecimento justificam alta incidência da hipertensão no idoso. Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência e fatores associados a hipertensão em idosos hospitalizados. Método: Estudo transversal, quantitativo, realizado com 233 idosos em hospital de ensino brasileiro de grande porte. Dados sociodemográficos/clínicos e hábitos de vida foram coletados. Análise bivariada e regressão logística foram realizadas, sendo considerado significativo p<0,05. Resultados: A média de idade foi 70,9±8,1anos, com prevalência do sexo masculino (63,1%), brancos (62,2%) e hipertensos (67%). Idade ≥80anos (OR:3,965, IC 95%:1,430- 10,995) e diabetes (OR:4,196, IC 95%:1,968-8,946) foram significativos para ocorrência de hipertensão. Conclusão: Indivíduos muito idosos e diabetes foram fatores significativos para hipertensão em idosos hospitalizados.

Introduction: Hypertension is the main contributing factor to all causes of death and disability. Pathophysiological changes due to aging justify a high incidence of hypertension in the elderly. Objective: To verify the prevalence and factors associated with hypertension in hospitalized elderly. Method: Cross-sectional, quantitative study conducted with 233 elderly people in a large Brazilian teaching hospital. Sociodemographic/clinical data and lifestyle habits were collected. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were performed, and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age was 70.9±8.1 years, with prevalence of males (63.1%), whites (62.2%) and hypertensive (67%). Age ≥80 years (OR:3.965, 95% CI:1.430-10.995) and diabetes (OR:4.196, 95% CI:1.968-8.946) were significant for the occurrence of hypertension. Conclusion: Very elderly individuals and diabetes were significant factors for hypertension in hospitalized elderly.

Organizational Justice - An Overview of the Brazilian Scientific Production / Justiça Organizacional - Um Panorama da Produção Científica Brasileira

Abstract The relevance of organizational justice for the improvement of the relationship between workers and organizations has given the theme a prominent role on the international stage in recent decades. In Brazil, discrepancies between national and foreign contributions were pointed out by the last review on the subject, in 2005. Thus, this study analyzed the Brazilian scientific production on organizational justice, focusing on the dimensions of the organizational justice, the theoretical background, and the relationships investigated. A semi-systematic literature review was carried out in 19 journals (1996-2018). The results showed significant differences between national and international production. A national research agenda is presented, highlighting the need for studies exploring the antecedents and the effects of the process of mediation and interaction of justice and a better theoretical foundation.

Resumo A relevância da justiça organizacional para melhoria da relação entre trabalhadores e organizações conferiu ao tema destaque em cenário internacional nas últimas décadas. No Brasil, discrepâncias entre as contribuições nacionais e estrangeiras foram apontadas pela última revisão do tema, em 2005. Assim, buscando responder como as dimensões de justiça foram pesquisadas, baseadas em que teorias e quais as principais relações investigadas, este estudo analisou o desenvolvimento da produção científica brasileira sobre justiça organizacional. Realizou-se uma revisão semi-sistemática da literatura, em 19 periódicos (1996-2018). Os resultados evidenciaram diferenças significativas entre a produção nacional e internacional. Apresenta-se uma agenda de pesquisa nacional, explicitando as necessidades de investigação dos antecedentes e dos efeitos mediacionais e interacionais do construto e de melhor fundamentação teórica.

Adaptation and evidence of validity of the Corporate Ethical Virtues Scale in Brazil: A measure of ethical culture in organisations / Adaptación y evidencias de validez de la Escala de Virtudes Éticas Corporativas en Brasil: una medida de la cultura ética en las organizaciones

Abstract Introduction: Ethical culture stands out as an important variable in comprehending ethical norms and ethical behaviour at work. The Corporate Ethical Virtues (CEV) Scale is a widely used measure of ethical culture in organisations. This study aimed to adapt and validate the CEV Scale to a Brazilian context. Method: In Study 1 (n = 1.219), the CEV Scale was translated and adapted, the reliability and the internal structure were tested and the discriminant validity of ethical climate measures was demonstrated. In Study 2 (n = 635), measurement invariance in two groups was demonstrated, and there was evidence of validity based on the relationships with related constructs. Results: The results indicated that the Brazilian version of the CEV Scale showed reasonable psychometric properties and provided evidence of convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusion: This measure can be used by managers and consultants to diagnose ethical organisational culture.

Resumen Introducción: La cultura ética se destaca como una variable importante para comprender las normas y el comportamiento éticos en el trabajo. La escala de virtudes éticas corporativas (CEV) es una medida de cultura ética organizacional ampliamente utilizada. El objetivo de este estudio fue adaptar y validar la escala CEV de cultura ética al entorno brasileño. Método: En el estudio 1 (n = 1.219), la Escala CEV fue traducida y adaptada, se probaron la confiabilidad y la estructura interna y se demostró la validez discriminante de las medidas de clima ético. En el estudio 2 (n = 635), se demostró la invariancia de medición en dos grupos y hubo evidencia de validez basada en las relaciones con constructos relacionados. Resultados: Los resultados indicaron que la versión brasileña de la escala CEV mostró propiedades psicométricas razonables y proporcionó evidencia de validez convergente y discriminante. Conclusión: Esta medida puede ser utilizada por gerentes y consultores para diagnosticar la cultura organizacional ética.

Behavioral and neural correlates of emotional development: typically developing infants and infants of depressed and/or anxious mothers.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the main findings of studies of behavioral and neural correlates regarding the development of facial emotion processing during the first year of life in typically developing infants and infants of depressed and/or anxious mothers. SOURCES: Comprehensive, non-systematic review of the literature on studies about individual differences in facial emotion processing by newborns and infants over the first year of life. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS: Maternal stress related to depression and anxiety has been associated to atypical emotional processing and attentional behaviors in the offspring. Recent neurophysiological studies using electroencephalogram and event-related potentials have begun to shed light on the possible mechanisms underlying such behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: Infants of depressed and/or anxious mothers have increased risk for several adverse outcomes across the lifespan. Further neurobehavioral investigations and the promotion of clinical and developmental research integration might eventually contribute to refining screening tools, improving treatment, and enabling primary prevention interventions for children at risk.

Validity evidence of the Team Psychological Safety Survey / Evidências de validade da Escala de Segurança Psicológica em Equipe / Evidencias de validez de la Escala de Seguridad Psicológica en Equipo

The objective of this study was to adapt and investigate validity evidence for the Team Psychological Safety Survey for Brazil and to test its feasibility to emerge at the team level. A sample of 8,310 female workers answered the scale. Initial analyses indicated the single-factor solution fitness, with Cronbach's alpha = 0.84. Confirmatory factor analysis model obtained good fitness coefficients, CFI = 0.995, RMSEA = 0.07. Emersion was viable due to group variance identified by and ICC calculations. The hypothesis stated that psychological safety correlates with perceived organizational practices and that differences exist between men and women's practices. Findings support that the good practices positively related to psychological safety, with differences between gender, while a negative relationship with bad practices was partially confirmed. A quadratic trend was identified between organizational status and psychological safety. Results provide validity evidence for the survey for samples of Brazilian women. (AU)

O presente estudo teve como objetivo a adaptação e investigação de evidências de validade da Escala de Segurança Psicológica em Equipe para o Brasil. A amostra foi composta por 8.310 trabalhadoras. Análises iniciais indicaram adequação da solução unifatorial, alfa de Cronbach = 0,84. Análise confirmatória do modelo unifatorial obteve bons índices de adequação, CFI = 0,995, RMSEA = 0,07. ADMd e ICC indicaram que parte da variância é explicada pelo grupo, ICC(1) = 0,195, viabilizando a emersão do construto. Hipotetizou-se que a segurança psicológica teria correlações com a percepção de práticas organizacionais. Os achados sustentam que as boas práticas investigadas possuem relação positiva com o construto, sendo mais forte com as práticas adotadas por homens. A relação negativa com as más práticas foi parcialmente confirmada. Por fim, identificou-se uma tendência quadrática entre status organizacional e segurança psicológica. Os resultados oferecem evidências de validade da escala para amostras de mulheres brasileiras. (AU)

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo no solo adaptar e investigar las evidencias de validez de la Escala de Seguridad Psicológica en Equipo para la población brasileña, sino también probar su viabilidad para emerger a nivel de equipo. La muestra se compuso por 8.310 trabajadoras que contestaron la escala. Los primeros análisis señalaron la adecuación de la solución de un solo factor, α = 0,84. El modelo unifactorial del análisis factorial confirmatorio obtuvo buenos índices de adecuación, CFI = 0,995, RMSEA = 0.07. ADMd e ICC indicaron que parte de la varianza se explica por el grupo, ICC (1) = 0,195, viabilizando la emersión del constructo. Se planteó la hipótesis de que el constructo tendría correlaciones con la percepción de las prácticas organizacionales. Los hallazgos avalan que las buenas prácticas investigadas disponen de una relación positiva con el constructo, siendo más fuerte con las prácticas adoptadas por los hombres. La relación negativa con las malas prácticas se ha confirmado parcialmente. En conclusión, se identificó una tendencia cuadrática entre el estado organizacional y la seguridad psicológica. Los resultados proporcionan evidencias de validez de la escala para muestras de mujeres brasileñas. (AU)

Liderança: revisão da literatura brasileira e comparação com a produção estrangeira / Leadership: literature review and comparison with foreign production / Liderazgo: revisión de la literatura brasileña y comparación con la producción extranjera

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo propor diretrizes para uma agenda nacional de pesquisa sobre liderança, a partir de uma síntese da produção científica brasileira e da comparação com a literatura estrangeira. Foram analisados 52 artigos, publicados em periódicos brasileiros das áreas de administração e psicologia, entre 1996 e 2018. A análise evidenciou defasagens referentes à explicitação das definições de liderança utilizadas, à incorporação de conceituações mais abrangentes e à testagem de modelos mais complexos de relações entre variáveis. Como consequência, há a proliferação de estudos ateóricos, que pouco avançam a compreensão da liderança no contexto brasileiro. Há necessidade de ampliar o rigor metodológico das pesquisas, principalmente relativo ao controle de vieses e à seleção das medidas utilizadas. A redução dessas lacunas é apontada como diretriz para uma agenda de pesquisa nacional.

The objective of this paper is to propose guidelines to a national leadership research agenda, through a synthesis of Brazilian scientific production and comparison with foreign literature. A semi-systematic review was conducted, including the most recent empirical papers published in national journals. Fifty-two articles, published in nineteen psychology and a dministration journals, between 1996 and 2018, were analyzed. Results indicate that the Brazilian articles often fail to express the definitions of leadership that they used. The wider definitions of the construct and more complex and sophisticated models were incorporated. These problems promote the proliferation of non-theoretical studies that make little contribution to the comprehension of leadership in the Brazilian context. In addition, the need to expand methodological rigor is identified, especially concerning bias control and measurement selection. The reduction of these gaps is pointed as a guideline for a national research agenda.

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo proponer directrices para una agenda nacional de investigación sobre liderazgo, a partir de una síntesis de la producción científica brasileña y de la comparación con la literatura extranjera. Se analizaron 52 artículos, publicados en revistas brasileñas de las áreas de administración y psicología entre 1996 y 2018. El análisis evidenció desfasajes en cuanto a la explicitación de las definiciones de liderazgo utilizadas, a la incorporación de conceptos más amplios y a la prueba de modelos más complejos de relaciones entre variables. Como resultado, hay una proliferación de estudios teóricos que hacen poco para avanzar en la comprensión del liderazgo en el contexto brasileño. Es necesario ampliar el rigor metodológico de la investigación, especialmente en lo que respecta al control de sesgos y a la selección de medidas utilizadas. La reducción de estas brechas se considera una directriz para una agenda de investigación nacional.

First Report of AIDS-Related Burkitt's Lymphoma Presenting as Bilateral Orbital Masses.

Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and one of the fastest growing tumors in humans. It is an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome- (AIDS-) defining disease and occurs with relatively preserved CD4 cell counts. It rarely affects the orbital region in the setting of AIDS. We report unusual presentation of a fatal case of AIDS-associated BL in a 42-year-old female patient with severe CD4 cell depletion who presented with dramatic fast growing (within days) bilateral orbital masses leading to striking facial deformities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of bilateral orbital involvement in AIDS-associated BL.

Fadiga secundária à quimioterapia na perspectiva da mulher com câncer de mama / Chemotherapy-related fatigue: the perspective of women with breast câncer / La fatiga secundaria a la quimioterapia en la perspectiva de la mujer con cáncer de mama

Objetivo: Descrever os fatores coadjuvantes para ocorrência da fadiga secundária à quimioterapia e os recursos do conhecimento cultural, utilizados para seu alívio. Método: Estudo prospectivo, misto, realizado com 47 mulheres com câncer de mama e fadiga, em um hospital universitário. Foram analisadas as respostas das questões abertas da Escala de Fadiga de Piper Revisada, que foram submetidas à Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: Como causas para a fadiga foram descritas seis categorias: medo e preocupação; quimioterapia; estado emocional/psicológico; desajustes no relacionamento familiar; alteração na autoimagem; esforço físico/atividades diárias. Cinco categorias foram apontadas como recursos para alívio: buscar a Deus; banho; repouso; medidas de distração; chorar. Considerações finais: Diante da subvalorização das queixas, relacionadas à fadiga, pelos profissionais, as mulheres passam a buscar por estratégias de alívio no conhecimento cultural. A valorização dos saberes é essencial para definição de condutas efetivas, que possibilitem melhoria da qualidade de vida e redução dos efeitos negativos da fadiga

Objective: to describe contributing factors for the occurrence of chemotherapy-related fatigue and relief strategies derived from cultural knowledge. Methods: a prospective and mixed study, with 47 women with breast cancer and fatigue, conducted at a University Hospital. We analyzed answers to the open questions of the revised Piper Fatigue Scale and submitted to the Content Analysis. Results: six categories were described as causes for fatigue: Fear and worry; chemotherapy; emotional and psychological states; problems in family relationships; changes in self-image; and physical effort to perform daily activities. Five categories were identified as relief: Seek God; bath; rest; entertain; and cry. Conclusion: in the face of underestimating patients' complaints by professionals, women start seeking relief strategies based on their cultural knowledge. The appreciation of knowledge is essential for definition of effective actions, that can improve quality of life and decrease negative effects of fatigue

Objetivo: describir factores coadyuvantes para la ocurrencia de fatiga secundaria a la quimioterapia y recursos del conocimiento cultural, utilizados para alivio. Método: estudio prospectivo, mixto, con 47 mujeres con cáncer de mama y fatiga, realizado en un hospital universitario. Se analizaron las respuestas de las preguntas de la Escala de Fatiga de Piper Revisada, que fueron sometidas al Análisis de Contenido. Resultados: como causas se describieron seis categorías: Miedo y preocupación; quimioterapia; estado emocional/psicológico; desajustes en la relación familiar; cambio en la autoimagen; esfuerzo físico / actividades diarias. Cinco categorías fueron apuntadas como alivio: Buscar a Dios; baño; descanso; medidas de distracción; llorar. Conclusión: frente a la subvaloración de las quejas, por los profesionales, las mujeres pasan a buscar estrategias en conocimiento cultural. La valorización del conocimiento es esencial para conductas efectivas, que permiten mejorar la calidad de vida y reducir los efectos negativos de la fatiga

Quanto mais melhor? O efeito da compatibilidade pessoa-trabalho no engajamento / The more the better? The effect of person-job fit on work engagement / ¿Cuánto más, mejor? El efecto de la compatibilidad persona-trabajo en el engagement

As preferências do indivíduo têm papel relevante na relação entre desenho do trabalho e engajamento, mas são pouco exploradas. Este estudo adota um enfoque da psicologia positiva e se propõe a investigar duas hipóteses contraditórias, a primeira advinda da teoria de autodeterminação, que indica que a interação entre a característica do trabalho e as preferências do indivíduo não são relevantes para explicar o grau de engajamento (H1) e a segunda advinda das teorias de fit que afirma que essa interação acrescenta à explicação do fenômeno (H2). Foram testadas as características do desenho do trabalho de conhecimento, autonomia e suporte social. A amostra de 341 trabalhadores respondeu as escalas de Engajamento e Desenho do Trabalho. Foram realizadas análises fatoriais confirmatórias, regressões polinomiais e análises de superfície do padrão de respostas. As características do trabalho explicaram significativamente o nível de engajamento. A interação entre o desenho do trabalho e as preferências do indivíduo acrescentou explicação ao modelo, com exceção do suporte social. Conclui-se que, a depender do tipo de característica, é preciso analisar a preferência do trabalhador ao se promover redesenho do trabalho ou para fazer a alocação de pessoal.

The individual's needs play a relevant role in the relationship between work characteristics and engagement, but they are little explored. This study aims to analyze the interaction between individual and context to predict engagement, testing hypotheses derived from Self-Determination Theory and fit studies. A sample of 341 workers responded to the Engagement at Work and Work Design scales. Confirmatory factor analysis, polynomial regression, and response surface analysis were used to test the hypotheses. Knowledge characteristics, autonomy, and social support significantly explained the level of engagement. The interaction between work characteristics and the worker's desire added explanation to the model, except for social support. In conclusion it is necessary to analyze the workers' desire for a given characteristic to develop work designs that promote higher engagement.

Las necesidades del individuo tienen importante papel en la relación entre características del trabajo y engagement, pero son poco exploradas. Este estudio analizó la interacción entre el individuo y el contexto para predecir el engagement, probando hipótesis derivadas de la teoría de la autodeterminación y de los estudios de fit. La muestra de 341 trabajadores respondió las escalas de Engagement y Diseño del Trabajo. Se realizaron análisis factoriales confirmatorios, regresiones polinomiales y análisis de superficie de las respuestas para comprobar las hipótesis. Las características del conocimiento, autonomía y soporte social en el trabajo explicaron significativamente el nivel de engagement. La interacción entre las características del trabajo y el deseo del trabajador añadió explicación al modelo, con excepción del soporte social. Se concluye que, a depender del tipo de característica, es necesario examinar el grado de deseo del trabajador por aquella característica para desarrollar dibujos del trabajo que promuevan más engagement.

Professional fulfillment: concept and instrument proposition / Realização profissional: proposição de conceito e instrumento / Realización profesional: propuesta de concepto y instrumento

This paper aims to propose a concept and an instrument of professional fulfillment (PF), which is theoretically defined as the perception of having attained or being on the right track for attaining one's most important career goals. The Professional Fulfillment Scale (PFS) was developed in order to operationalize PF, being tested across two studies. Regarding Study 1, in which 406 workers took part, results from exploratory factor analysis evidenced construct validity for PFS. In Study 2, in which 270 workers took part, results from confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling presented satisfactory model fit indices for PFS. We conclude that both the professional fulfillment concept and the scale are useful for mapping people's importance and achievement of career goals and evaluation of progress, working as a diagnostic tool for career management. (AU)

O presente artigo visa propor um conceito e um instrumento de realização profissional (RP), definida teoricamente como a percepção de se ter alcançado as metas de carreira mais importantes ou a avaliação positiva de que se está no caminho para alcançar tais metas. A Escala de Realização Profissional (PFS) foi desenvolvida para operacionalizar a RP, sendo sua estrutura testada em dois estudos. No Estudo 1, no qual participaram 406 trabalhadores, resultados da análise fatorial exploratória evidenciaram a validade de construto da PFS. No Estudo 2, no qual participaram 270 trabalhadores, os resultados oriundos da análise fatorial confirmatória e da modelagem por equações estruturais indicaram que a PFS apresenta índices de ajuste do modelo satisfatórios. Conclui-se que tanto o conceito de realização profissional quanto a PFS são úteis para mapear o grau de importância, alcance e progresso das metas de carreira, funcionando como ferramenta de diagnóstico para o gerenciamento de carreira. (AU)

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo proponer un concepto y un instrumento de realización profesional (RP), la cual se define teóricamente como la percepción de haber alcanzado las metas más importantes de la carrera o la evaluación positiva de que se está en camino de lograrlas. La Escala de Realización Profesional (ERP) fue desarrollada para operacionalizar la RP, siendo su estructura puesta a prueba en dos estudios. En el estudio 1, en el cual participaron 406 trabajadores, los resultados del análisis factorial exploratorio mostraron validez de constructo de la ERP. En el estudio 2, en el que participaron 270 trabajadores, los resultados provenientes del análisis factorial confirmatorio y del modelado por ecuaciones estructurales, indicaron que la ERP presenta índices de ajuste de modelo, satifactorios. Como conclusión podemos decir que tanto el concepto como el instrumento de la ERP, son útiles para asignar el grado de importancia, alcance y progreso de las metas de la carrera, funcionando como una herramienta de diagnóstico para la gestión de la misma. (AU)

To understand and analyze an organization´s culture: Theoretical and methodological choices in two decades of research in Brazil / Compreender e analisar a cultura de uma organização: escolhas teórico-metodológicas em duas décadas de pesquisa no Brasil

Despite the popularity of the organizational culture construct in the organizational psychology´s practice, it is important to scrutinize the theoretical and methodological quality standards of its principles in Brazil. The present study investigated 27 articles targeting at an organization´s culture, in 18 psychology and administration top-ranked journals, issued between 1996 and 2017. The articles were classified by their theoretical and methodological characteristics, such as type of data analysis, culture definitions, among others, to be further quantified and qualitatively reviewed. The trends were discussed in face of organizational culture´s global literature standards, and according to the characteristics of national organizational behavior literature. Special attention was recommended to the alignment between method and epistemology, as well as to a convergence towards global literature´s new developments.

Apesar da popularidade do constructo "cultura organizacional" na prática do psicólogo organizacional, é preciso questionar a qualidade teórico-metodológica de seus fundamentos no Brasil. Este estudo levantou 27 pesquisas cujo objeto foi a cultura de uma organização, nos 18 periódicos de psicologia e administração mais bem avaliados no período de 1996 a 2017. Os artigos foram classificados por suas características teóricas e metodológicas, tais como tipo de análise de dados e definições de cultura, dentre outros aspectos, para então serem quantificados e analisados qualitativamente. As tendências foram discutidas frente aos padrões da literatura global sobre cultura organizacional, à luz das características da produção nacional em comportamento organizacional. Recomendou-se especial atenção ao alinhamento entre método e epistemologia, além de aproximação dos avanços da literatura global na área.