Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes among Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: Findings from the World Heart Federation COVID-19 Study.

Background and aims: Limited data exist on the cardiovascular manifestations and risk factors in people hospitalized with COVID-19 from low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to describe cardiovascular risk factors, clinical manifestations, and outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in low, lower-middle, upper-middle- and high-income countries (LIC, LMIC, UMIC, HIC). Methods: Through a prospective cohort study, data on demographics and pre-existing conditions at hospital admission, clinical outcomes at hospital discharge (death, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), renal failure, neurological events, and pulmonary outcomes), 30-day vital status, and re-hospitalization were collected. Descriptive analyses and multivariable log-binomial regression models, adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity/income groups, and clinical characteristics, were performed. Results: Forty hospitals from 23 countries recruited 5,313 patients with COVID-19 (LIC = 7.1%, LMIC = 47.5%, UMIC = 19.6%, HIC = 25.7%). Mean age was 57.0 (±16.1) years, male 59.4%, pre-existing conditions included: hypertension 47.3%, diabetes 32.0%, coronary heart disease 10.9%, and heart failure 5.5%. The most frequently reported cardiovascular discharge diagnoses were cardiac arrest (5.5%), acute heart failure (3.8%), and myocardial infarction (1.6%). The rate of in-hospital deaths was 12.9% (N = 683), and post-discharge 30 days deaths was 2.6% (N = 118) (overall death rate 15.1%). The most common causes of death were respiratory failure (39.3%) and sudden cardiac death (20.0%). The predictors of overall mortality included older age (≥60 years), male sex, pre-existing coronary heart disease, renal disease, diabetes, ICU admission, oxygen therapy, and higher respiratory rates (p < 0.001 for each). Compared to Caucasians, Asians, Blacks, and Hispanics had almost 2-4 times higher risk of death. Further, patients from LIC, LMIC, UMIC versus. HIC had 2-3 times increased risk of death. Conclusions: The LIC, LMIC, and UMIC's have sparse data on COVID-19. We provide robust evidence on COVID-19 outcomes in these countries. This study can help guide future health care planning for the pandemic globally.

Correction: Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes among Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: Findings from the World Heart Federation COVID-19 Study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.5334/gh.1128.].

Evaluación del dolor torácico por el servicio de cardiología en el Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo / Chest pain evaluation by the cardiology service at the Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo

El dolor torácico es frecuente en el servicio de urgencias. Las grandes series han reportado una baja incidencia de dolor torácico que es egresado, siendo realmente un síndrome coronario agudo. Diferenciar de manera precisa entre la causa de dolor torácico mejora el pronóstico y minimiza la hospitalización. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar los índices diagnósticos y valores predictivos del cuestionario Geleijnse en la evaluación del dolor torácico. Material y métodos: Los pacientes con dolor torácico atendidos por el servicio de cardiología del Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo en los periodos de enero a octubre del 2010 con evaluación clínica convencional y con cuestionario de Geleijnse. Resultados: El cuestionario Geleijnse para la detección de dolor torácico de origen cardiaco muestra tener unos índices diagnósticos y predictivos adecuados para identificar de manera oportuna individuos en riesgo (sensibilidad de 97%, especificidad de 45.8%, valor predictivo positivo de 77.5% y valor predictivo negativo 91.6%). En el ajuste de la puntuación del cuestionario Geleijnse de 8 puntos o más se obtuvo un valor predictivo positivo 91.4% y predictivo negativo 95.6%. Conclusiones: El cuestionario Geleijnse mostró tener potencial para ser utilizado de manera sistemática e identificar apropiadamente a individuos con dolor torácico de origen isquémico.

Chest pain is common in the emergency department. Large series have reported that acute coronary syndrome is actually responsible for a low proportion of chest pain cases. Differentiate accurately between the cause of chest pain improves prognosis and reduces hospitalization. Our objective was to determine the diagnostic indices and predictive values of the Geleijnse questionnaire in evaluation of chest pain. Material and methods: Patients with chest pain who were seen by the cardiology Centenary Hospital Miguel Hidalgo, in the periods from January to October 2010, with conventional clinical assessment and Geleijnse questionnaire. Results: The Geleijnse questionnaire for detecting cardiac chest pain, displays adequate diagnostic, and have predictive indices timely identifying individuals at risk. (Sensitivity 97% and specificity 45.8%, positive predictive value 77.5% and negative predictive value 91.6%). The adjustment of the Geleijnse questionnaire score 8 point or more positive predictive value 91.4 % and negative predictive 95.6 % was obtained. Conclusions: The Geleijnse questionnaire must have a potential to be used consistently and properly identify individuals with chest pain of ischemic origin.