RESUMEN
A sprained ankle is a common musculoskeletal sports injury and it is often treated by immobilization of the joint. Despite the beneficial effects of this therapeutic measure, the high prevalence of residual symptoms affects the quality of life, and remobilization of the joint can reverse this situation. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of immobilization and remobilization on the ankle joint of Wistar rats. Eighteen male rats had their right hindlimb immobilized for 15 days, and were divided into the following groups: G1, immobilized; G2, remobilized freely for 14 days; and G3, remobilized by swimming and jumping in water for 14 days, performed on alternate days, with progression of time and a series of exercises. The contralateral limb was the control. After the experimental period, the ankle joints were processed for microscopic analysis. Histomorphometry did not show any significant differences between the control and immobilized/remobilized groups and members, in terms of number of chondrocytes and thickness of the articular cartilage of the tibia and talus. Morphological analysis of animals from G1 showed significant degenerative lesions in the talus, such as exposure of the subchondral bone, flocculation, and cracks between the anterior and mid-regions of the articular cartilage and the synovial membrane. Remobilization by therapeutic exercise in water led to recovery in the articular cartilage and synovial membrane of the ankle joint when compared with free remobilization, and it was shown to be an effective therapeutic measure in the recovery of the ankle joint.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Traumatismos del Tobillo/patología , Cartílago Articular/patología , Inmovilización/efectos adversos , Membrana Sinovial/patología , Traumatismos del Tobillo/terapia , Peso Corporal , Cartílago Articular/crecimiento & desarrollo , Condrocitos/citología , Ambulación Precoz , Ratas Wistar , Esguinces y Distensiones/terapia , Natación/fisiología , Factores de Tiempo , Articulaciones Tarsianas/patología , Pérdida de PesoRESUMEN
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a disinfectant with low corrosive action and which is not toxic to the environment, the sodium dichloroisocyanurate formulation, on the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV). For this, 5th-instar B. mori silkworm larvae were divided into four experimental groups of 4 replicates with 15 larvae each, totalling 60 larvae per group. The groups were fed with mulberry (Morus sp.) leaf discs containing: BmNPV treated with the disinfectant, untreated BmNPV, only the disinfectant, and water (control). The results showed that the disinfectant does not inactivate the BmNPV and also exerts a negative effect on the insect"s resistance.
O estudo avaliou a eficiência de um desinfetante que apresenta baixa ação corrosiva e que não é tóxico ao meio ambiente, o formulado de sódio dicloroisocianurato, sobre o nucleopoliedrovírus Bombyx mori (BmNPV). Para tanto, lagartas do bicho-da-seda, B. mori, de 5º instar foram divididas em quatro grupos experimentais, 4 repetições com 15 lagartas cada, totalizando 60 lagartas por grupo. Os grupos foram alimentados com discos foliares de amoreira (Morus sp.) contendo: o BmNPV tratado com o desinfetante (solução 1); o BmNPV não tratado (solução 2); apenas o desinfetante (solução 3); e água (solução 4, controle). Os resultados mostraram que o desinfetante não inativa o BmNPV e também exerce efeito negativo na resistência do inseto.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Baculoviridae , Bombyx , Desinfección , Desinfectantes , ToxicidadRESUMEN
Despite the deleterious effects, immobilization, is still often used in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders, even with the occurrence of muscular atrophy, its reversal is a major challenge to rehabilitation. The aim of this study was evaluate the tropism of rats soleus muscle submitted to remobilization with static stretching, preceded by ultrasound, thermal and non thermal. We used 28 rats divided into four groups: G1‑immobilized and remobilized with static stretching, G2-remobilized with stretching preceded by ultrasound 1.0 W.cm²; G3 ultrasound at 0.5 W.cm² , G4 ultrasound with 0.2 W.cm². All animals were immobilized in plantarflexion, producing shortening of the right soleus muscle for 15 days. For the groups subjected to remobilization with ultrasound doses were used according to the group, for 3 minutes, for 10 days with an interval of 2 days after the 5th treatment. After treatment with ultrasound (or not for the G1), the animals were subjected to 3 sets of 30 seconds, with 30 seconds interval between them, of static stretching of the soleus. The soleus were dissected, weighed and processed for preparation of histological slides in cross section, and evaluated the smallest diameter of 100 fibers per muscle. There was significant reduction in weight between left and right muscles in all groups, for diameters G3 showed no difference. Conclusion: stretching with or without ultrasound, was unable to reverse the deleterious effects of immobilization on muscle weight, but in the mean dose there was protective effect on the diameter of the fibers.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Ejercicios de Estiramiento Muscular , Atrofia Muscular , Músculo Esquelético/anatomía & histología , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Músculo Esquelético , Disección , Desarrollo de Músculos , Ratas Wistar , Tropismo , Terapia por Ultrasonido/veterinariaRESUMEN
Os autores estudaram os efeitos do verapamil no tratamento da dor no infarto agudo do miocardio em 25 pacientes de ambos os sexos, admitidos em Unidade Coronariana com diagnostico de infarto agudo do miocardio, apresentando precordialgia e sem administracao anterior de quaisquer medicacoes recentes. Os pacientes foram tratados com infusao venosa continua de verapamil na concentracao de 20 mg/125 ml de soro glicosado a velocidade media de 40 gotas por minuto, nao sendo administrado durante a observacao qualquer tipo de analgesico, vasodilatador coronariano e oxigenio. Foram controladas as seguintes variaveis: pressao arterial, frequencia cardiaca, dor e arritmias. Tambem foram obtidos os niveis enzimaticos especificos e alteracoes eletrocardiograficas ate 360 minutos apos o termino da administracao da droga