RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The increasing burden of dengue virus on public health due to more explosive and frequent outbreaks highlights the need for improved surveillance and control. Genomic surveillance of dengue virus not only provides important insights into the emergence and spread of genetically diverse serotypes and genotypes, but it is also critical to monitor the effectiveness of newly implemented control strategies. Here, we present DengueSeq, an amplicon sequencing protocol, which enables whole-genome sequencing of all four dengue virus serotypes. RESULTS: We developed primer schemes for the four dengue virus serotypes, which can be combined into a pan-serotype approach. We validated both approaches using genetically diverse virus stocks and clinical specimens that contained a range of virus copies. High genome coverage (>95%) was achieved for all genotypes, except DENV2 (genotype VI) and DENV 4 (genotype IV) sylvatics, with similar performance of the serotype-specific and pan-serotype approaches. The limit of detection to reach 70% coverage was 10-100 RNA copies/µL for all four serotypes, which is similar to other commonly used primer schemes. DengueSeq facilitates the sequencing of samples without known serotypes, allows the detection of multiple serotypes in the same sample, and can be used with a variety of library prep kits and sequencing instruments. CONCLUSIONS: DengueSeq was systematically evaluated with virus stocks and clinical specimens spanning the genetic diversity within each of the four dengue virus serotypes. The primer schemes can be plugged into existing amplicon sequencing workflows to facilitate the global need for expanded dengue virus genomic surveillance.
Asunto(s)
Virus del Dengue , Genoma Viral , Serogrupo , Secuenciación Completa del Genoma , Virus del Dengue/genética , Virus del Dengue/aislamiento & purificación , Virus del Dengue/clasificación , Secuenciación Completa del Genoma/métodos , Humanos , Genotipo , Dengue/virología , Dengue/diagnóstico , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento/métodos , ARN Viral/genéticaRESUMEN
During May 2022-April 2023, dengue virus serotype 3 was identified among 601 travel-associated and 61 locally acquired dengue cases in Florida, USA. All 203 sequenced genomes belonged to the same genotype III lineage and revealed potential transmission chains in which most locally acquired cases occurred shortly after introduction, with little sustained transmission.
Asunto(s)
Virus del Dengue , Dengue , Humanos , Virus del Dengue/genética , Dengue/epidemiología , Florida/epidemiología , Viaje , Secuencia de Bases , Genotipo , Serogrupo , FilogeniaRESUMEN
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Because both incidence and awareness of tick-borne infections is increasing, review of major infections and recent advances related to their diagnosis and management is important. RECENT FINDINGS: A new algorithm, termed modified two-tier testing, for testing for antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi , the cause of Lyme disease, has been approved and may replace traditional two-tier testing. In addition, doxycycline is now acceptable to use for treatment of and/or prophylaxis for Lyme disease for up to 21âdays in children of any age. Borrelia miyamotoi , a bacterium in the relapsing fever type of Borrelia, is the first of this type of Borrelia that is transmitted by hard-bodied ticks such as Ixodes scapularis. SUMMARY: Awareness of these infections and advances in their diagnosis and treatment is important to assure the best outcomes for affected patients. Table 1 contains a summary of infections discussed.
Asunto(s)
Borrelia burgdorferi , Enfermedad de Lyme , Fiebre Recurrente , Enfermedades por Picaduras de Garrapatas , Niño , Humanos , Enfermedades por Picaduras de Garrapatas/diagnóstico , Enfermedades por Picaduras de Garrapatas/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades por Picaduras de Garrapatas/epidemiología , Enfermedad de Lyme/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de Lyme/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Lyme/epidemiología , Fiebre Recurrente/diagnóstico , Fiebre Recurrente/tratamiento farmacológico , Fiebre Recurrente/epidemiología , América del NorteRESUMEN
Dengue is the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral disease in humans, and cases are continuing to rise globally. In particular, islands in the Caribbean have experienced more frequent outbreaks, and all four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes have been reported in the region, leading to hyperendemicity and increased rates of severe disease. However, there is significant variability regarding virus surveillance and reporting between islands, making it difficult to obtain an accurate understanding of the epidemiological patterns in the Caribbean. To investigate this, we used travel surveillance and genomic epidemiology to reconstruct outbreak dynamics, DENV serotype turnover, and patterns of spread within the region from 2009-2022. We uncovered two recent DENV-3 introductions from Asia, one of which resulted in a large outbreak in Cuba, which was previously under-reported. We also show that while outbreaks can be synchronized between islands, they are often caused by different serotypes. Our study highlights the importance of surveillance of infected travelers to provide a snapshot of local introductions and transmission in areas with limited local surveillance and suggests that the recent DENV-3 introductions may pose a major public health threat in the region.