RESUMEN
The quality of cancer care in the modern era is based on a precise diagnosis and personalized therapy according to patients and their disease based on validated guidelines with a high level of evidence. During cancer patients' management, the objective is first to make an accurate diagnosis and then offer the best treatment, validated beforehand in a multidisciplinary board meeting, with the best benefit/risk ratio. In the context of many low- and middle-income countries, the limited available means do not allow an adequate offer, resulting in non-optimal patients' care. In addition, in many low- and middle-income countries, priority can be given to other types of disease than cancer, which may considerably reduce allocation of specific resources to cancer care. Thus, the limited availability of systemic therapy, radiotherapy machines, brachytherapy and technological development may come up against another difficulty, that of geographical distribution of the means in the countries or a lack of expertise due to insufficient training programs. For all these reasons, the implementation of the guidelines established in Western countries could be impossible for many low- and middle-income countries which, moreover, have to face a completely different epidemiology of cancers compared to developed countries. In this work, we will discuss through a few examples of common cancers on both borders of the Mediterranean area, the applicability of the guidelines and the limits of their implementation for optimal cancer care.
Asunto(s)
Braquiterapia , Neoplasias , Oncología por Radiación , Humanos , Países en Desarrollo , Neoplasias/radioterapia , Oncología MédicaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Olfactory neuroblastoma or esthesioneuroblastoma is a rare entity among head and neck neoplasms. In this paper, we report the experience of our institution and compare it with a comprehensive review of the literature. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analysed clinical and treatment data of patients referred to the Lyon Sud University Hospital (France) for histologically proven olfactive esthesioneuroblastoma. RESULTS: Ten patients treated between 1993 and 2015 have been analysed. Disease stage at diagnosis, according to the Kadish staging system, was C in 90% of cases. Median follow-up was 136 months. Ten-year overall survival was 90%. Five- and ten-year progression-free survival were 70% and 50%. Nine patients (90%) underwent surgical resection first. Seven of the nine patients who underwent resection (77%) received adjuvant three-dimensional (3D)-conformal radiotherapy (n=7), intensity-modulated radiotherapy (n=1), or volumetric arctherapy (n=1). The mean dose to the tumour volume was 61Gy. None of the patients received elective nodal irradiation. Two patients received concurrent chemotherapy. Five patients (50%) presented with disease recurrence, which was local (n=1), nodal (n=2) and cerebral (n=2). CONCLUSION: Our results are consistent with the literature. Because of the lack of prospective study and the low number of cases in the literature, each institution's experience is of the utmost important to improve standardised management of these tumours.
Asunto(s)
Estesioneuroblastoma Olfatorio/radioterapia , Neoplasias Nasales/radioterapia , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Terapia Combinada , Estesioneuroblastoma Olfatorio/tratamiento farmacológico , Estesioneuroblastoma Olfatorio/mortalidad , Estesioneuroblastoma Olfatorio/cirugía , Senos Etmoidales , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Irradiación Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Nasales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Nasales/mortalidad , Neoplasias Nasales/cirugía , Neoplasias de los Senos Paranasales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de los Senos Paranasales/mortalidad , Neoplasias de los Senos Paranasales/radioterapia , Neoplasias de los Senos Paranasales/cirugía , Radioterapia Conformacional , Radioterapia de Intensidad Modulada , Recurrencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Neuroendocrine prostate carcinoma is a rare entity causing both diagnostic and therapeutic issues. There are basically four histological forms (adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation, carcinoid tumors, small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas, large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas), which can be pure or mixed associated with prostatic carcinoma. There is no consensus on the management or the prognosis of these various tumor subtypes. We conducted a literature review aiming to determine the potential therapeutic implications.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/patología , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/terapia , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patología , Neoplasias de la Próstata/terapia , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Humanos , Masculino , Pronóstico , Prostatectomía , Radioterapia AdyuvanteRESUMEN
Granulocytic sarcoma, or chloroma, is a rare clinical entity, usually associated with a blood disease, including acute myeloid leukemia. Management strategies are based on the combination of systemic therapy and local therapy (surgery or radiation). Data for radiotherapy dose are derived from retrospective studies and case reports. We conducted a literature review using the Pubmed search engine to clarify the terms and indications for radiotherapy of chloromas.