Current iliotibial band syndrome alters patterns of running coordination in male and female runners, but not their levels of coordination variability.

The aim of the present study was to compare the coordination patterns and levels of coordination variability of healthy and injured runners with iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS). Sixty runners divided into four groups (15 healthy males, 15 healthy females, 15 males with ITBS and 15 females with ITBS) ran at a steady and freely chosen pace on an over-ground track, and their coordination patterns of the lower limbs were calculated during 10 running stances using the vector coding technique. Both male and female runners with ITBS showed a greater dominance of the pelvis segment and the anti-phase patterns in the frontal plane thigh-pelvis coupling (p = 0.001, η2 = 0.36). In addition, injured female runners showed a greater hip adduction dominance, whereas injured males presented a greater anti-phase pattern in the transverse plane-frontal plane hip coupling (p = 0.003, η2 = 0.08). The levels of coordination variability during running stance did not change between ITBS injured and healthy runners in any of the couplings. Currently injured runners with ITBS appeared to present altered coordination patterns on the hip couplings that were partly dependent on gender but did not lead to changes in the coordination variability levels.

Serological and Molecular Survey of Rickettsial Agents in Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) from Midwestern Brazil.

Wild boars (Sus scrofa L.) are considered among the most harmful invasive species worldwide, causing irreversible ecosystem damage, acting as zoonotic spreaders and reservoirs, threatening human and animal health, and having an important economic impact. Accordingly, the present study has assessed the rickettsial exposure, tick infestation of wild boars, and rickettsial DNA presence in ticks from infested animals from the Cerrado biome in midwestern Brazil. Anti-Rickettsia spp. antibodies were detected in serum samples of wild boars by immunofluorescence assay. Overall, 106/285 (37.2%) wild boar serum samples from 13 to 18 (72.2%) municipalities showed seroreactivity to at least one of the four Rickettsia spp. antigens tested, the largest number of wild boars serologically tested to Rickettsia spp. in this type of study. Among the 106 seroreactive animals, 34 showed possible homologous reactions between R. parkeri, R. amblyommatis, and R. bellii, with endpoint titers between 128 and 512. A sample of 45 ticks collected from four culled wild boars was identified as Amblyomma sculptum, and all tested negative for rickettsial DNA presence. In conclusion, this study has provided a reliable sampling seroprevalence and indicated high exposure of wild boars to rickettsial agents, with a potential interaction with Rickettsia spp. from the spotted fever group within the Cerrado biome from midwestern Brazil.

A framework for scientific advice on health: EuSANH's principles and guidelines.

BACKGROUND: Society expects politicians to make sound decisions by bringing the best evidence to bear on the health problems in question. Performing this task requires access to independent sources of sound scientific advice. The European Science Advisory Network for Health (EuSANH) is a network of national science advisory bodies in Europe which are active in the field of health and provide independent scientific advice to their authorities. The EuSANH addressed this question in a European project. METHODS: Guidelines and principles for producing sound advice have been formulated after international comparative evaluations and extensive discussions among participants of the EuSANH-ISA project with input from international experts. RESULTS: A framework for scientific advice on health has been produced. CONCLUSIONS: This framework will ensure a uniform approach and thus opens possibilities for collaboration between science advisory bodies.

Critical knowledge gaps and research needs related to the environmental dimensions of antibiotic resistance.

There is growing understanding that the environment plays an important role both in the transmission of antibiotic resistant pathogens and in their evolution. Accordingly, researchers and stakeholders world-wide seek to further explore the mechanisms and drivers involved, quantify risks and identify suitable interventions. There is a clear value in establishing research needs and coordinating efforts within and across nations in order to best tackle this global challenge. At an international workshop in late September 2017, scientists from 14 countries with expertise on the environmental dimensions of antibiotic resistance gathered to define critical knowledge gaps. Four key areas were identified where research is urgently needed: 1) the relative contributions of different sources of antibiotics and antibiotic resistant bacteria into the environment; 2) the role of the environment, and particularly anthropogenic inputs, in the evolution of resistance; 3) the overall human and animal health impacts caused by exposure to environmental resistant bacteria; and 4) the efficacy and feasibility of different technological, social, economic and behavioral interventions to mitigate environmental antibiotic resistance.1.

[Caesarean section: History, epidemiology, and ethics to diminish its incidence]. / Operación cesárea. Una visión histórica, epidemiológica y ética para disminuir su incidencia.

Cesarean section has become the most performed surgery and it has been enhanced with the use of antibiotics and improvement in surgical techniques. The aim of this systematic review is to describe and clarify some historical and ethical characteristics of this surgery, pointing out some aspects about its epidemiological behavior, becoming a topic that should be treated globally, giving priority to the prevention and identification of factors that may increase the incidence rates. Today, this "epidemic" reported rates higher than fifty percent, so it is considered a worldwide public health problem. Consequently, in Mexico strategies aimed at its reduction have been implemented. However, sociocultural, economic, medicolegal and biomedical factors are aspects that may difficult this goal. As we decrease the percentage of cesarean section in nulliparous patients, we diminish the number of iterative cesarean and its associated complications. This aim must be achieved through the adherence to the guidelines which promote interest in monitoring and delivery care in health institutions of our country.

La operación cesárea es la cirugía mayor más frecuentemente practicada, y ha sido perfeccionada con el uso de antibióticos y mejores técnicas quirúrgicas. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática es describir y precisar diversas características históricas y éticas con relación a esta intervención quirúrgica, señalando algunos aspectos inherentes a su comportamiento epidemiológico, siendo este último una problemática de actualidad y de suma importancia que debe tratarse de forma integral, dando prioridad a la prevención e identificación de los factores que hacen posible el aumento en las tasas de incidencia. Hoy en día, esta "epidemia" reporta tasas que superan el cincuenta por ciento, por lo que se ha considerado un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. Consecuentemente, en México se han implementado estrategias tendentes a su disminución, no obstante, los factores socioculturales, económicos, médico-legales y biomédicos son aspectos que dificultan dicho objetivo. En la proporción en que se disminuya el porcentaje de cesárea en pacientes primigestas, disminuirá secundariamente el número de cesáreas iterativas y sus complicaciones asociadas, meta que debe alcanzarse mediante el apego a las guías que promueven el interés por la vigilancia y atención del parto en las instituciones de salud de nuestro país.

Comparación entre Meloxicam y Naproxeno en el Tratamiento Sintomático de Faringoamigdalitis Aguda no Bacterianas / Comparison between meloxicam and naproxen in the symptomatic treatment of acute non bacterial pharyngo-tonsillitis

Objetivo. Comparar meloxicam a dosis de 7.5 y de 15 mg con naproxeno 1,100 mg en el tratamiento sintomático de faringoamigdalitis aguda no bacteriana. Material y métodos. Estudio doble-ciego, doble enmascaramiento de tratamiento, aleatorizado, comparativo en 274 pacientes mayores de 18 años, con prueba negativa para estreptococo beta-hemolítico. Previo consentimiento informado, los pacientes fueron aleatorizados a uno de los 3 grupos. Las variables primarias fueron: dolor faríngeo espontáneo y a la deglución; como secundarias, eventos adversos. Análisis Estadístico. Se usó el paquete estadístico SAS. Uni-variado: tendencia central y dispersión. Bi-variado: pruebas de Cochran-Mantel-Haenzel, de Kruskal y exacta de Fisher. Multi-variado, covarianza. Resultados: Tanto el dolor faríngeo espontáneo como el dolor a la deglución disminuyeron al final del tratamiento en los tres grupos, sin diferencia significativa. A las 8 horas de iniciado el tratamiento, la reducción en el dolor fue mayor en el grupo de meloxicam 15 mg que en el de naproxeno (p=0.01). Tanto los eventos adversos como el abandono fueron mayores en el grupo naproxeno que en el grupo meloxicam 7.5 mg (p=0.02). Los trastornos gastrointestinales fueron más frecuentes en el grupo de naproxeno. Conclusiones. Meloxicam 7.5 y 15 mg una vez al día son tan eficaces como naproxeno 550 mg, dos veces al día. Meloxicam 15 mg tiene un inicio de acción más rápido que meloxicam 7.5 mg y naproxeno. Meloxicam 7.5 y 15 mg presentaron menos eventos adversos y menor deserción de pacientes

Trauma cardiaco: doble lesión por arma blanca en ventrículo derecho: informe de un paciente / Cardiac trauma: double lesion caused in the right ventricle by stabbien: report of one patient

Objetivo: describir el caso de un sujeto del sexo masculino quien sufrió herida penetrante de pericardio con lesión, por arma blanca, de ventrículo derecho, diafragma, hígado y vesícula. Sede: Hospital General de la Secretaría de Salud en Cancún Quintana Roo. Diseño: descripción del caso. Operación realizada: Esternotomía media, cardiorrafia, sutura de diafragma y colecistectomía. Conclusión: los pacientes con trauma cardiaco son recuperables si se realiza un trabajo en equipo.

Trastornos hiperlipidémicos de la infancia

Las enfermedades del aparato cardiovascular constituyen la primera causa de mortalidad general en nuestro país. En 1992 se reportaron 2200 muertos por enfermedade isquémica aguda. Puesto que se ha comprobado ya, que el proceso ateroesclerótico comienza en la niñez, el pediatra debe dar un enfoque preventivo a su práctica clínica con el fin de evitar las complicaciones irreversibles de esta patología. En esta revisión bibliográfica se presentan conceptos básicos sobre el metabolismo lipídico y las hiperlipidemias. Al mismo tiempo, se citan los últimos estudios realizados sobre el tema en la infancia. Finalmente, se exponen los criterios de la Academia Americana de Pediatría (AAP) y el comité Nacional (EEUU) para el control de Colesterol en la infancia y la adolescencia (NCEP) sobre las recomendaciones para el SCREENING de lípidos en niños.