Risky Sexual Behavior Among Street Children, Adolescents, and Young People Living on the street in southern Brazil.

Although adolescents living on the street tend to have unprotected sex with many partners and substance abuse, little is known about this reality in Brazil. To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with risky sexual behavior among children and adolescents living on the street in Porto Alegre and Rio Grande. A cross-sectional study was carried out using the Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS) sampling method to quickly and efficiently access populations of difficult access. Poisson regression with robust adjustment of variance was used in the multivariate analysis. The sample consisted of 231 participants aged 10-21 years. Most were male and aged 16- 21 years. More than half (66.7%) of the respondents did not have a school bond, and 64.5% did not live with the family. Half of the sample had been living on the street for at least four years, spending 15 h or more on the street. Most (86.6%) responded that they had already used illicit drugs in their lives, and unprotected sex prevalence was 61.9%. The variables independently associated with unprotected sex were years living on the street, hours spent on the street, having a steady partner, illicit drug use, and sexual intercourse without a condom under the influence of drugs. The high prevalence of unprotected sex points to the need for intervention policies for this population to prevent the main risk factors.

Suicide risk in high school students: who are the most vulnerable groups?

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and factors associated with suicide risk among high school students from a federal educational institution in Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS). METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study based on a census of students (n=510) enrolled in IFRS, campus Rio Grande, in the second half of 2019. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Suicide risk was measured with the instrument Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and data were analyzed using Poisson regression with robust variance adjustment. RESULTS: The prevalence of high suicide risk was 17.3% (95% confidence interval - 95%CI 14.0-20.0), with the following independent associated factors: female gender, higher socioeconomic status, alcohol consumption, less social support, attempt to lose weight, self-harm behavior, and increased risk of depression, anxiety, and stress. CONCLUSIONS: One in six students showed a high suicide risk. The identification of factors associated with the outcome is useful for detecting the most severe cases and referring them to specialized care.

Suicide risk in high school students: who are the most vulnerable groups? / Risco de suicídio em estudantes do ensino médio: quem são os grupos mais vulneráveis?

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the prevalence and factors associated with suicide risk among high school students from a federal educational institution in Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study based on a census of students (n=510) enrolled in IFRS, campus Rio Grande, in the second half of 2019. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Suicide risk was measured with the instrument Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and data were analyzed using Poisson regression with robust variance adjustment. Results: The prevalence of high suicide risk was 17.3% (95% confidence interval — 95%CI 14.0-20.0), with the following independent associated factors: female gender, higher socioeconomic status, alcohol consumption, less social support, attempt to lose weight, self-harm behavior, and increased risk of depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusions: One in six students showed a high suicide risk. The identification of factors associated with the outcome is useful for detecting the most severe cases and referring them to specialized care.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao risco de suicídio em estudantes do ensino médio de uma instituição federal de ensino do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com base em um censo de estudantes (n=510) matriculados no IFRS, Campus Rio Grande, no segundo semestre de 2019. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário autoaplicável. O risco de suicídio foi medido com o instrumento Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview e a análise dos dados foi conduzida por meio de regressão de Poisson com ajuste robusto da variância. Resultados: A prevalência do risco alto de suicídio foi de 17,3% (intervalo de confiança — IC95% 14,0-20,0), tendo como fatores independentemente associados: sexo feminino, maior nível socioeconômico, consumo de álcool, menor suporte social, tentativa de perder peso, comportamento autolesivo e maior risco de depressão, ansiedade e estresse. Conclusões: Um em cada seis estudantes apresentou elevado risco de suicídio. A identificação dos fatores associados ao desfecho é útil para identificar os casos mais graves e encaminhá-los para atendimento especializado.

Avaliação psicológica, neuropsicológica e recursos em neuroimagem: novas perspectivas em saúde mental / Psychological assessment, neuropsychological assessment and neuroimage resources: new perspectives in mental health

A avaliação psicológica constitui-se em uma importante atividade do exercício profissional do psicólogo. Na área de saúde mental, um dos objetivos a ser alcançados refere-se ao correto diagnóstico, e, para tal, utilizam-se instrumentos psicológicos específicos. Considerando a importância de se obter maior precisão diagnóstica para estabelecer tratamentos e abordagens adequadas, discute-se sobre a necessidade de associar outros recursos científicos ao processo de avaliação psicológica e neuropsicológica, como as técnicas, os métodos e resultados de neuroimagem. Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a integração dos novos recursos da neurociência aos procedimentos tradicionais da avaliação psicológica na área da saúde mental.

Psychological assessment is an important Psychologist activity. In the mental health area, one of the aims is the correct diagnosis. To reach this, specific tools are used. In this work, it is discussed about how necessary is improving the diagnosis process with other scientific resources such as brain imaging and other neuroimage techniques. This study aims to discuss the integration of the new neuroscience resources with the traditional procedures of psychological assessment in the area of mental health.

O uso da fotografia na pesquisa em Psicologia / The use of photography in psychological research

A fotografia vem sendo amplamente utilizada na pesquisa em Psicologia, em diferentes áreas, para investigaçäo das mais diversas questöes. Contudo, este recurso ainda é pouco utilizado no Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar, com base na literatura científica, um levantamento histórico-metodológico do uso da fotografia na ciência psicológica. Foram identificadas quatro funçöes principais da fotografia nos diferentes métodos adotados: registro, modelo, feedback e autofotografia. Em cada uma destas funçöes, säo apresentados diversos estudos realizados, destacando suas vantagens e desvantagens. Paralelamente, procurou-se levantar os temas abordados nas variadas áreas da Psicologia, através do recurso fotográfico. Por fim, enfatizou-se a descriçäo do método autofotográfico, no qual säo destacadas especificidades e possíveis contribuiçöes obtidas pela sua utilizaçäo.