Circulating small extracellular vesicle-based miRNA classifier for follicular thyroid carcinoma: a diagnostic study.

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) prior to surgery remains a major challenge in the clinic. METHODS: This multicentre diagnostic study involved 41 and 150 age- and sex-matched patients in the training cohort and validation cohort, respectively. The diagnostic properties of circulating small extracellular vesicle (sEV)-associated and cell-free RNAs were compared by RNA sequencing in the training cohort. Subsequently, using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) assay, high-quality candidates were identified to construct an RNA classifier for FTC and verified in the validation cohort. The parallel expression, stability and influence of the RNA classifier on surgical strategy were also investigated. RESULTS: The diagnostic properties of sEV long RNAs, cell-free long RNAs and sEV microRNAs (miRNAs) were comparable and superior to those of cell-free miRNAs in RNA sequencing. Given the clinical application, the circulating sEV miRNA (CirsEV-miR) classifier was developed from five miRNAs based on qRT‒PCR data, which could well identify FTC patients (area under curve [AUC] of 0.924 in the training cohort and 0.844 in the multicentre validation cohort). Further tests revealed that the CirsEV-miR score was significantly correlated with the tumour burden, and the levels of sEV miRNAs were also higher in sEVs from the FTC cell line, organoid and tissue. Additionally, circulating sEV miRNAs remained constant after different treatments, and the addition of the CirsEV-miR classifier as a biomarker improves the current surgical strategy. CONCLUSIONS: The CirsEV-miR classifier could serve as a noninvasive, convenient, specific and stable auxiliary test to help diagnose FTC following ultrasonography.

Anlotinib prove to be a potential therapy for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis complicated with lung adenocarcinoma.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic interstitial fibrosis lung disease with high mortality, which is often complicated with lung cancer. The incidence of IPF complicated with lung cancer is getting higher and higher. At present, there is no consensus on the management and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis patients with lung cancer. There is an urgent need to develop preclinical drug evaluation methods for IPF with lung cancer and potential therapeutic drugs for IPF with lung cancer. The pathogenic mechanism of IPF is similar to that of lung cancer, and the multi-effect drugs with anticancer and anti-fibrosis will have potential value in the treatment of IPF complicated with lung cancer. In this study, we established an animal model of IPF complicated with lung cancer in situ to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the antiangiogenic drug anlotinib. The pharmacodynamic results in vivo showed that anlotinib could significantly improve the lung function of IPF-LC mice, reduce the content of collagen in lung tissue, increase the survival rate of mice, and inhibit the growth of lung tumor in mice. The results of Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis of lung tissue showed that anlotinib significantly inhibited the expression of fibrosis marker protein α-SMA, Collagen I and Fibronectin and tumor proliferation marker protein PCNA in mouse lung tissue, and down-regulated the content of serum tumor marker CEA. Through transcriptome analysis, we found that anlotinib regulates MAPK signal pathway, PARP signal pathway and coagulation cascade signal pathway in lung cancer and pulmonary fibrosis, which all play an important role in lung cancer and pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, there is crosstalk between the signal pathway participated by the target of anlotinib and MAPK, JAK/STAT and mTOR signal pathway. In summary, anlotinib will be a candidate for IPF-LC treatment.

Construction of a system for head and neck tumor traceless resection with non-inflatable transaxillary total endoscopic surgery.

Radical cure and functional preservation of tumors are the fundamental goals of surgical treatment of head and neck tumors, and the preservation of good aesthetics is a higher pursuit on this basis. Fully hiding the surgical incision and reducing the visibility of scars are important goals of cosmetic surgery. Using complete endoscopy for the head and neck is an effective method. CO2-free transaxillary total endoscopic surgery is a method with many advantages, which has been widely used in the resection of thyroid tumors, but for other parts and types of tumors in the head and neck, this surgical method is rarely used. The research team expanded its application scope and applied it to submandibular gland tumor resection and other head and neck surgeries for the first time. Through this exploration, it improved traction devices such as retractors, strictly limited the surgical indications, analyzed and summarized the key points, steps and methods of surgery, and built a treatment system for head and neck tumor surgery under complete endoscopy using the non-inflatable transaxillary approach. In this article, we introduce the system and select typical cases to share.

Exogenous Thymosin Beta 4 Suppresses IPF-Lung Cancer in Mice: Possibly Associated with Its Inhibitory Effect on the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrotic interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology. At present, the mortality rate of the deadly disease is still very high, while the existing treatments only delay the progression of the disease and improve the quality of life of patients. Lung cancer (LC) is the most fatal disease in the world. In recent years, IPF has been considered to be an independent risk factor for the development of LC. The incidence of lung cancer is increased in the patients with IPF and the mortality is also significantly increased in the patients inflicted with the two diseases. In this study, we evaluated an animal model of pulmonary fibrosis complicated with LC by implanting LC cells orthotopically into the lungs of mice several days after bleomycin induction of the pulmonary fibrosis in the same mice. In vivo studies with the model showed that exogenous recombinant human thymosin beta 4 (exo-rhTß4) alleviated the impairment of lung function and severity of damage of the alveolar structure by the pulmonary fibrosis and inhibited the proliferation of LC tumor growth. In addition, in vitro studies showed that exo-rhTß4 inhibited the proliferation and migration of A549 and Mlg cells. Furthermore, our results also showed that rhTß4 could effectively inhibit the JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway and this might exert an anti-IPF-LC effect. The establishment of the IPF-LC animal model will be helpful for the development of drugs for the treatment of IPF-LC. Exogenous rhTß4 can be potentially used for the treatment of IPF and LC.

circ_0000045 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas via regulating HSP70 and MAPK pathway.

OBJECTIVE: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one severe malignancy driven by complex cellular and signaling mechanisms. However, the roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in HNSCC's development remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study investigated the functions of differentially expressed circRNAs in regulating HNSCC cell functions. METHODS: Differentially expressed circRNAs were characterized through RNA sequencing in HNSCC tissues. CircRNA's identity was then confirmed using RT-PCR and Sanger's sequencing. Next, expression levels of circRNA and mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR, after which protein abundances were measured by Western blotting. Subsequently, the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HNSCC cells was assessed by MTS, wound healing, and Transwell system, respectively, followed by identification of circRNA-binding proteins in HNSCC cells by circRNA pull-down, coupled with mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Great alterations in circRNA profiles were detected in HNSCC tissues, including the elevated expression of circ_0000045. As observed, silencing of circ_0000045 effectively repressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HNSCC cell lines (FaDu and SCC-9). Contrarily, circ_0000045's overexpression promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion in FaDu and SCC-9 cells. Results also showed that circ_0000045 was associated with multiple RNA-binding proteins in HNSCC cells, such as HSP70. Moreover, circ_0000045 knockdown enhanced HSP70 expression and inhibited JNK2 and P38's expression in HNSCC cells, which were oppositely regulated by circ_0000045's overexpression. CONCLUSION: The high expression of circ_0000045; therefore, promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion during HNSCC's development through regulating HSP70 protein and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling.

Digital surgery group versus traditional experience group in head and neck reconstruction: a retrospective controlled study to analyze clinical value and time-economic-social effect.

OBJECTIVE: Discuss the application value of digital surgical technology in the reconstruction of head and neck defects after tumor resection and comprehensively evaluate time-economic-benefit cost. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of head and neck cancer patients who underwent reconstructive operations in head and neck surgery at Sichuan Cancer Hospital from January 2015 to January 2021 was performed. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 52 cases were included, including 25 cases using digital surgery (DS) and 27 cases using the conventional surgery (CS). The clinical-pathological characteristics, postoperative complications, functional aesthetic evaluation indexes, and time-cost-satisfaction evaluation indexes between the two groups were compared and statistically analyzed. Typical cases using digital surgery were shared. RESULTS: Outcomes between the two groups were comparable, and there was no significant difference in survival outcome and follow-up time between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the defect size, pathological type, other major clinicopathological features, or operation-related indicators (P > 0.05). The incidence of titanium plate displacement, deformation or exposure, and facial scar deformity in the DS group was significantly lower than that in the CS group (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in other short-term or long-term complications (P > 0.05). The incidence of dysphagia and eating disorders in the DS group was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). The speech and social functions were improved, but not significantly (P > 0.05). Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in the evaluation index of facial aesthetics in this study (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the total operation time, preparation time of bone flap from the donor site, osteotomy time, and reconstruction time in the DS group were significantly lower than those in the traditional operation group (P < 0.05), but the shaping time and vascular anastomosis time of recipient area could not be shortened (P > 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in total hospitalization days between the DS group and CS group (P > 0.05), but the time of ICU treatment and postoperative intravenous nutrition support in the DS group were shorter than those in the CS group (P < 0.05). In particular, the preoperative doctor-patient communication of the DS group was more effective, and the treatment satisfaction of patients including their families was higher after operation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Comprehensive application of digital surgical technology (CAD, CAM, VR, MA, etc.) in the reconstruction of the head and neck after tumor resection is feasible in clinical practice, which can not only improve the accuracy of repair, decrease some surgical complications, better preserve and improve patient's diet and speech function, and reduce the operation and hospitalization time, but also increase the treatment cost. Furthermore, it is conducive to doctor-patient communication and improves patient satisfaction.

Myricetin reverses epithelial-endothelial transition and inhibits vasculogenic mimicry and angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma by directly targeting PAR1.

Most antiangiogenic inhibitors targeting endothelium-dependent vessels cannot inhibit tumor growth but promote tumor invasion and metastasis in some patients. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) employs mechanisms that differ from those used to construct endothelium-dependent vessels. Inhibiting VM may be a novel antiangiogenic strategy against alternative tumor vascularization. In this paper, myricetin was selected from among several flavonoid compounds as an effective PAR1 antagonist. In two different hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines high-expressed PAR1, myricetin inhibited cell migration, invasion and VM formation and reversed the expression of epithelial-endothelial transition (EET) markers by inhibiting PAR1 activation. Knockout of PAR1 inhibited HCC cell invasion and metastasis and weakened the inhibitory effect of myricetin on HCC cells. The migration, invasion and tube formation ability of PLC-PRF-5 cells were enhanced after PAR1 overexpression, and the inhibitory effect of myricetin was enhanced. A docking assay revealed that myricetin binds to Leu258 and Thr261 in the PAR1 activity pocket. Mutation of Leu258 and Thr261 inhibited the antitumor effect of myricetin in vitro and in vivo. In summary, myricetin reverses PAR1-mediated EET and inhibits HCC cell invasion, metastasis, VM formation and angiogenesis by targeting PAR1, and Leu258 and Thr261 of PAR1 participate in VM and angiogenesis in HCC tissues.

Retracted: Parthenolide Inhibits the Proliferation of MDA-T32 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells In Vitro and in Mouse Tumor Xenografts and Activates Autophagy and Apoptosis by Downregulation of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR)/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.

This paper is being retracted at the author's request. Reference: 1. Chao Li, Yuqiu Zhou, Yongcong Cai, Chunyan Shui, Wei Liu, Xu Wang, Jian Jiang, Dingfen Zeng, Chunhan Gui, Ronghao Sun: Parthenolide Inhibits the Proliferation of MDA-T32 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells In Vitro and in Mouse Tumor Xenografts and Activates Autophagy and Apoptosis by Downregulation of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR)/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit, 2019; 25: 5054-5061. DOI: 10.12659/MSM.915387.

The application of venous nerve conduit trap in the immediate repair and reconstruction of facial nerve in parotid gland tumor: an attempt of a new technique.

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the application of venous nerve conduit in the immediate repair and reconstruction of facial nerve in parotid gland tumor. METHODS: Three patients with parotid gland tumor in Sichuan Provincial Cancer Hospital were reviewed. All patients were found that the tumor encased and invaded the facial nerve which was difficult to be separated during the operation when all patients were treated with facial nerve repair and reconstruction with the venous nerve conduit trapping technique. RESULTS: After 1-year follow-up, all patients recovered well in facial nerve function. CONCLUSION: The venous nerve conduit trapping technique is an effective attempt in the immediate repair and reconstruction of facial nerve in parotid gland tumor, but it needs to be further confirmed by multiple studies.

Resection of Second, Third, and Fourth Branchial Cleft Anomalies with Recurrent or Repeated Neck Infection Using the Selective Neck Dissection Technique.

PURPOSE: To explore the applied value of the selective neck dissection to treat second, third, and fourth branchial cleft anomalies with recurrent or repeated neck infections. METHOD: We made a retrospective study about 29 patients with the second, third, and fourth branchial cleft anomalies with recurrent or repeated neck infections who were treated by surgery from 2002 to 2018 in Sichuan Province Cancer Hospital. According to the characteristics of branchial cleft anomaly on embryology and anatomy, different types of selective neck dissection were chosen to remove pathological scar tissue or inflammatory tissue en bloc. RESULT: Of 29 cases, 28 had primary healing, and 1 had local infection, healing after dressing change for a long time. In 1 case, branchial cleft anomalies adhered to the internal jugular vein, which was ruptured and sutured. During the follow-up time of 12∼195 months with an average of 91.76 months, there were no recurrent cases. CONCLUSION: The selective neck dissection technique is safe and effective in the treatment of branchial cleft anomalies with recurrent or repeated neck infection.

Parthenolide Inhibits the Proliferation of MDA-T32 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells in Vitro and in Mouse Tumor Xenografts and Activates Autophagy and Apoptosis by Downregulation of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR)/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the effects of the sesquiterpene lactone, parthenolide, on migration, autophagy, and apoptosis of MDA-T32 human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells in vitro and in mouse tumor xenografts. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cell proliferation and viability of MDA-T32 human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells were determined by MTT assay, and cell migration was studied using a transwell assay. Fluorescence microscopy using acridine orange (AO) and ethidium bromide (EB) staining evaluated apoptosis. Transmission electron microscopy was used to study the effects of parthenolide on autophagy, and Western blot examined the levels of autophagy-associated proteins, including Bax, Bcl-2, and LC3-ll. Mice (n=10) were injected with 5×106 MDA-T32 cells subcutaneously into the left flank, and xenograft tumors were grown for six weeks. Control untreated mice (n=5) were compared with treated mice (n=5) given parthenolide three times per week. RESULTS Parthenolide resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in viability and cell migration of MDA-T32 cells, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 12 µM. AO and EB staining showed that parthenolide induced cell apoptosis and electron microscopy identified autophagosomes in MDA-T32 cells. Parthenolide induced increased expression of the autophagocytic proteins, LC3-II and beclin-1, had a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the mTOR/PI3K/AKT cascade in MDA-T32 cells and inhibited the growth of the mouse xenograft tumors in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Parthenolide inhibited the growth and migration of MDA-T32 human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells in vitro and mouse tumor xenografts and activated autophagy and apoptosis by downregulation of the mTOR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Combined application of virtual surgery and 3D printing technology in postoperative reconstruction of head and neck cancers.

BACKGROUND: The complex anatomy of the head and neck creates a formidable challenge for surgical reconstruction. However, good functional reconstruction plays a vital role in the quality of life of patients undergoing head and neck surgery. Precision medical treatment in the field of head and neck surgery can greatly improve the prognosis of patients with head and neck tumors. In order to achieve better shape and function, a variety of modern techniques have been introduced to improve the restoration and reconstruction of head and neck surgical defects. Digital surgical technology has great potential applications in the clinical treatment of head and neck cancer because of its advantages of personalization and accuracy. CASE PRESENTATION: Our department has identified the value of modern digital surgical techniques in the field of head and neck surgery and has explored its utility, including CAD/CAM technology and VR technology. We have achieved good results in the reconstruction of head and neck surgical resection defects. CONCLUSION: In this article, we share five typical cases from the department of head and neck surgery where the reconstruction was performed with the assistance of digital surgical technology.

Effects of dextran molecular weight on starch retrogradation and technological properties of Chinese steamed bread: Based on the rubber/glass transition.

From the perspective of rubber/glass transition, this study clarified that the impact of dextran on retarding hardening behavior and slowing starch retrogradation of Chinese Steamed Bread (CSB) depended on its molecular weight and concentration level. Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB) model was fitted to explore critical behavior changes in rubber/glass transition of CSB. Incorporation of high molecular weight dextran enhanced the elasticity of dough and porosity of CSB, reduced the aging and hardening degree of CSB at appropriate addition levels. CSB hardness showed a growing tendency during storage, while macromolecular dextran reduced the hardness and retrogradation degree by 22.87 % and 67.53 %. Dextran with high molecular weights lowered the glass transition temperature (Tg) and improved the moisture sorption and molecular mobility of CSB under various relative humidity (RHs) conditions by providing hydrophilic sites or intermolecular space to bind water molecules. Meanwhile, it reinforced the binding between denatured gluten and gelatinized starch. Both of them devoted to starch retrogradation inhibition and stable quality maintenance of CSB. CSB is suggested to maintain stable quality at room temperature with RHs ≤33 % to prevent rubber/glass transition. This work provided theoretical guidance for fractionation application of dextran to regulate the quality and extend the shelf-life of flour products.

Reduction of Beany Flavor and Improvement of Nutritional Quality in Fermented Pea Milk: Based on Novel Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis 80.

Peas (Pisum sativum L.) serve as a significant source of plant-based protein, garnering consumer attention due to their high nutritional value and non-GMO modified nature; however, the beany flavor limits its applicability. In this study, the effects of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis 80 (Bla80) fermentation on the physicochemical characteristics, particle size distribution, rheological properties, and volatile flavor compounds of pea milk was investigated. After fermentation by Bla80, the pH of pea milk decreased from 6.64 ± 0.01 to 5.14 ± 0.01, and the (D4,3) distribution decreased from 142.4 ± 0.47 µm to 122.7 ± 0.55 µm. In addition, Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation significantly reduced the particle size distribution of pea milk, which was conducive to improving the taste of pea milk and also indicated that Bla80 had the probiotic potential of utilizing pea milk as a fermentation substrate. According to GC-MS analysis, 64 volatile compounds were identified in fermented pea milk and included aldehydes, alcohols, esters, ketones, acids, and furans. Specifically, aldehydes in treated samples decreased by 27.36% compared to untreated samples, while esters, ketones, and alcohols increased by 11.07%, 10.96%, and 5.19%, respectively. These results demonstrated that Bla80 fermentation can significantly decrease the unpleasant beany flavor, such as aldehydes and furans, and increase fruity or floral aromas in treated pea milk. Therefore, Bla80 fermentation provides a new method to improve physicochemical properties and consumer acceptance of fermented pea milk, eliminating undesirable aromas for the application of pea lactic acid bacteria beverage.

The updated surgical steps of gasless transaxillary endoscopic thyroidectomy with neck level and region orientation for thyroid cancer.

Introduction: We previously made a detailed expansion to the gasless transaxillary endoscopic thyroidectomy(GTET) procedure described in the previous literatures. In this study, we optimized the procedure focused on the limitation of the approach in terms of trauma and lymph node dissection and made a comparison with the early procedure. Materials and methods: This paper gave a detailed description of the updated procedure and prospectively collected data about patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC) performed by the two procedures from December 2020 to April 2023. The differences in surgical outcome, surgical trauma and parathyroid gland(PG) function protection were analyzed. Results: Of the 302 patients, 184 underwent with early procedure(EP), and 118 underwent with updated procedure(UP). The surgical outcomes of operative time, time of thyroidectomy and central neck dissection, blood loss, drainage and postoperative hospital stay were shorter in UP than that of the EP. The mean number of lymph nodes retrieved and weight of dissection lymphatic tissue in the UP were significantly more than that in EP without increasing the mean number of metastatic lymph nodes. Postoperative complications did not differ between the two procedures. The UP had more advantages in the identification and preservation of the superior parathyroid gland, however, it did not improve the preservation in situ of the inferior parathyroid gland. The visual analog scale score for pain and the changes among inflammation factors was lower in the UP. Conclusion: The UP of GTET could perform safely and efficiently while reducing surgical trauma in selected patients.

Dynamics of The Γδtcr Repertoires During The Dedifferentiation Process and Pilot Implications for Immunotherapy of Thyroid Cancer.

γδ T cells are evolutionarily conserved T lymphocytes that manifest unique antitumor efficacy independent of tumor mutation burden (TMB) and conventional human leukocyte antigen (HLA) recognition. However, the dynamic changes in their T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire during cancer progression and treatment courses remain unclear. Here, a comprehensive characterization of γδTCR repertoires are performed in thyroid cancers with divergent differentiation states through cross-sectional studies. The findings revealed a significant correlation between the differentiation states and TCR repertoire diversity. Notably, highly expanded clones are prominently enriched in γδ T cell compartment of dedifferentiated patients. Moreover, by longitudinal investigations of the γδ T cell response to various antitumor therapies, it is found that the emergence and expansion of the Vδ2neg subset may be potentially associated with favorable clinical outcomes after post-radiotherapeutic immunotherapy. These findings are further validated at single-cell resolution in both advanced thyroid cancer patients and a murine model, underlining the importance of further investigations into the role of γδTCR in cancer immunity and therapeutic strategies.

Sodium alginate-sodium hyaluronate-hydrolyzed silk for microencapsulation and sustained release of kidney tea saponin: The regulation of human intestinal flora in vitro.

Kidney tea saponin (KTS) exhibits considerable efficacy in lowering glucose levels; however, it does not have widespread applications owing to its low intestinal utilization. Therefore, in the present study, we prepared sodium alginate (SA)/sodium hyaluronate (HA)/hydrolyzed silk (SF) gel beads for the effective encapsulation and targeted intestinal release of KTS. The gel beads exhibited an encapsulation rate of 90.67 % ± 0.27 % and a loading capacity of 3.11 ± 0.21 mg/mL; furthermore, the release rate of KTS was 95.46 % ± 0.02 % after 8 h of simulated digestion. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the hydroxyl in SA/HA/SF-KTS was shifted toward the strong peak; this was related to KTS encapsulation. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy revealed that the gel bead space network facilitates KTS encapsulation. In addition, the ability of KTS and the gel beads to inhibit α-amylase (IC50 = 0.93 and 1.37 mg/mL, respectively) and α-glucosidase enzymes (IC50 = 1.17 and 0.93 mg/mL, respectively) was investigated. In vitro colonic fermentation experiments revealed that KTS increased the abundance of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and butyric acid-producing bacteria. The study showed that the developed gel-loading system plays a vital role in delivering bioactive substances, achieving slow release, and increasing the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora.

Identification of a Novel Walnut Iron Chelating Peptide with Potential High Antioxidant Activity and Analysis of Its Possible Binding Sites.

Peptide iron chelate is widely regarded as one of the best iron supplements for relieving iron deficiency. In this study, a new type of walnut peptide iron (WP-Fe) chelate was prepared using low molecular weight walnut peptides (WP) as raw materials. Under the conditions of this study, the chelation rate and iron content of the WP-Fe chelate were 71.87 ± 1.60% and 113.11 ± 2.52 mg/g, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential, amino acid composition, and other structural analysis showed that WP-Fe is formed by the combination of carboxyl, amino and carbonyl with Fe2+. The WP-Fe chelate exhibits a honeycomb-like bulk structure different from that of WP. In addition, we predicted and established the binding model of ferrous ion and WP by molecular docking technology. After chelation, the free radical scavenging ability of the WP-Fe chelate was significantly higher than that of the WP. Overall, the WP-Fe chelate has high iron-binding capacity and antioxidant activity. We believe that peptides from different sources also have better iron binding capacity, and peptide iron chelates are expected to become a promising source of iron supplement and antioxidant activities.