Perceptions of quality of life by female sex workers from the rural area of the Sertão Produtivo Baiano, Brazil: a phenomenological study.

INTRODUCTION: Paid sexual services performed by women are surrounded by stigma and associated prejudice and shame results in vulnerability, making it very difficult for these women to achieve a good quality of life. Such an environment is exacerbated by intersectionalities that mark the trajectory of women who have the ability and desire to obtain income in sexual practice. They experience inequities in gender, race and class and, above all, bear marks of struggle and survival, being residents of a poor, rural region of Brazil, far from urban centers. The objective of this study was to understand the meanings that female sex workers living in rural areas attribute to quality of life using Sartre's phenomenological perspective. METHODS: This was a qualitative study from a larger project. For this study, we interviewed 30 female sex workers living in a rural area of the Sertão Produtivo da Bahia region, Brazil. The in-depth interview comprised two guiding questions: (1) 'Tell me what you mean by quality of life, as a sex worker'; and (2) 'Tell me how you experience well-being and quality of life when you are a sex worker and a rural resident'. The narratives resulting from the interviews were organized, categorized and operationalized from the hermeneutics dialectic. The interpretations were anchored in theoretical reference to Sartre's phenomenology. RESULTS: Some meanings were congruent in the women's narratives of their daily lives (described or observed), giving rise to three categories of analysis: the sex workers' concept of quality of life; whether they believed they have good quality of life or not; and what is required to achieve good quality of life. Three categories emerged, organized in a framework, the themes of which refer to the experience of sex workers as poor women living in the countryside: (1) quality of life as a synonym for health, food, and healthy life; (2) difficulties in achieving good quality of life; and (3) without money, there is no quality of life. CONCLUSION: The fact that these female sex workers come from a poor region of Brazil and live in a rural area far from urban centers leads to unique difficulties for them. They suffer from marginalization and restricted social services as a result of their circumstances, and highly value the freedom to face the difficulties of day-to-day life that their income from sex work provides. Good quality of life for these women is achieved by striving for physical health, food, and well-being (goals made attainable by that income), but can be hindered by violence.

Transitions experienced by mothers of children/adolescents with sickle cell disease in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the transitions experienced by mothers and children/adolescents with sickle cell disease after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: A qualitative study involving 19 mothers of children and adolescents with sickle cell disease. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews via WhatsApp, followed by Thematic Analysis and Descending Hierarchical Classification with the help of Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Texteset de Questionnaires and interpreted in the light of Afaf Meleis' Transition Theory. RESULTS: Support from family members for displacement; mothers' adherence to the routine of daily stimuli and physical exercises favored healthy transitions; lack of remote health care; low socioeconomic resources; interruption of the physiotherapy service; and maternal overload favor unhealthy transitions. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Efforts/movements by mothers ensure the healthy transition of children/adolescents with sickle disease during the pandemic, while supporting their unhealthy transition.

(Re)Construction of the body of transgender women: daily search for (in)satisfaction and care?

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the structure and contents of transgender women's social representations of their bodies and body modification practices. METHODS: Research conducted with 92 women using the Snowball technique. The data were collected using the free evocation of words technique and processed by the Evoc software, which organized the central and peripheral elements. RESULTS: The representation of the real body includes two structuring aspects: one related to the need to adapt/modify the body conformation according to the self-reported gender, because of the dissatisfaction with the body itself; the second reveals the happiness/satisfaction considering the results obtained through the body modification/adaptation practices adopted in the transition. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The body is constituted as a complex object and was represented by elements that reinforce the understanding of body modifications as needs, with a view to satisfaction, personal fulfillment, and care of one's own body.

Stigma experienced by men diagnosed with COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the stigma characteristics perceived in the experience of men who had COVID-19. METHOD: this qualitative study involved men living in Brazil, diagnosed with COVID-19, who answered semi-structured questions in an online form. Data were subjected to thematic and lexical analysis, interpreted in the light of the stigma theory. RESULTS: 92 men, adults, cisgender, heterosexual, of mixed race/color, belonging to middle class, living in the urban area, with higher education participated. The stigma characteristics evidenced were the occurrence of leave, perception of impolite treatment, use of labels and discrimination by co-workers, family members, neighbors and even healthcare professionals, with consequences for the psycho-emotional dimension. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: discrimination and exclusion derived from stigma surprised men marked by class and gender privileges, little used to being downgraded in interactions when compared to other groups.

Poverty, hunger, and abandonment: representations of the nursing team about homeless persons.

OBJECTIVE: to know the structure of social representations of nursing team with regard to homeless persons. Method a qualitative research based on the structural approach of social representations. A total of 96 professionals from the nursing team working in the Psychosocial Care Network units of a Health District of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, who answered the test of free association of words and a questionnaire with socio-demographic data. The data obtained were processed in softwares that allowed the organization of the frame of four houses and maximum similarity tree. RESULTS: poverty, hunger, abandonment and unemployment are central elements of the image of homeless persons, living in a context permeated by drugs, dirt, neglect and vulnerability. Final considerations The social representation structure of homeless persons is anchored in stereotypes that can interfere both in the provision of care and in the access of the people to health services.

Homeless people's social representations about self-care.

OBJECTIVES: To capture and analyze the structure of homeless people's social representations about self-care. METHODS: Research based on the theory of social representations, with 122 people in street situation. A semistructured questionnaire and free evocation technique were applied with the inducing words "caring for myself is". The evocations were processed by the software Evoc and Iramuteq, allowing to identify central and peripheral elements and the connection between them. RESULTS: For the group studied, "feeding oneself, personal hygiene, protecting oneself and visiting the doctor" are actions and attitudes that represent caring for themselves. In the streets, "feeding oneself" is an essential action for living/surviving that underpins the others. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Despite behaviors based on the biomedical model, self-care was represented by extended actions to meet basic human needs. This study offers elements of reflection to rethink care practices developed by health professionals.

"Experiences marked by prejudice(s)?": nurses' representations on 'transvestite' people.

OBJECTIVES: to learn and analyze the structure of nurses' social representations about transvestite people. METHODS: a qualitative research based on the Theory of Social Representations, with 110 nurses enrolled in Graduate Nursing courses, who answered the Free-Association Test, with the stimulus 'transvestite'. Data were processed by the software Ensemble de Programmes Permettant I' Analysedes Évocations. RESULTS: in the central nucleus, the term "prejudice" was the most evoked, followed by "homosexual", "identity" and "female-make-up". Social representation is anchored in the social organization in which transvestite people are still seen and/or associated with homosexuals who make up and assume an identity, without being seen and/or understood as they really are. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: although prejudice is noteworthy as a central element, terms present in the peripheral system reveal that the group recognizes transvestites as a person with rights, which can translate into health care practices.

O (des)cuidado em saúde às pessoas LGBTQIAP+ dispensado por profissionais em unidades básicas de saúde / The (lack of)health care provided to LGBTQIAP+ people by professionals in primary care centers / El (des)cuidado en salud a las personas LGBTQIAP+ dispensado por profesionales en unidades básicas de salud

Objetivo: compreender o cuidado em saúde dispensado às pessoas LGBTQIAP+ por profissionais em Unidades Básicas de Saúde, a partir do referencial teórico da Política Nacional de Saúde LGBT (PNSILGBT) estabelecida pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Método: estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, que entrevistou 12 profissionais de saúde da Atenção Básica. Os dados coletados passaram pela Análise Lexical utilizando-se do software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: emergiram três categorias temáticas que possibilitaram compreender que os profissionais reconhecem as violências praticadas na assistência a essa população, as barreiras no acesso e as dificuldades enfrentadas por pessoas LGBTQIAP+. Considerações finais: o desconhecimento das políticas e a não percepção das consequências dessas ações para a saúde dessa população remete muito mais ao (des)cuidado do que efetivamente ao cuidado condizente as suas reais necessidades em saúde.

Objective: to understand the health care provided to LGBTQIAP+ people by professionals in Primary Care Centers, based on the theoretical framework of the National LGBT Health Policy (PNSILGBT) established by the Unified Health System (SUS). Method: a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, which interviewed 12 primary care health professionals. The data collected was subjected to Lexical Analysis using the IRAMUTEQ software. Results: Three thematic categories emerged which made it possible to understand that professionals recognize the violence practiced in assisting this population, the barriers to access and the difficulties faced by LGBTQIAP+ people. Final considerations: the lack of knowledge of the policies and the lack of perception of the consequences of these actions for the health of this population leads much more to (lack of)care than to care in line with their real health needs.

Objetivo: comprender el cuidado en salud brindado a las personas LGBTQIAP+ por profesionales en Unidades Básicas de Salud, partiendo del marco teórico de la Política Nacional de Salud LGBT (PNSILGBT) establecida por el Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). Método: estudio descriptivo, con enfoque cualitativo, que entrevistó a 12 profesionales de salud de la Atención Básica. Los datos recogidos fueron analizados mediante Análisis Léxico utilizando el software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: surgieron tres categorías temáticas que permitieron comprender que los profesionales reconocen las violencias ejercidas en la asistencia a esta población, las barreras en el acceso y las dificultades enfrentadas por personas LGBTQIAP+. Consideraciones finales: el desconocimiento de las políticas y la no percepción de las consecuencias de estas acciones para la salud de esta población reflejan mucho más el (des)cuido que efectivamente el cuidado acorde a sus reales necesidades en salud.

A look at female condoms from public school students. / O olhar de alunas de escola pública sobre o preservativo feminino.

OBJECTIVE: to find the social representations of female students about female condoms. Methodology: exploratory and descriptive study, with qualitative approach, based on the Theory of Social Representations. METHOD: 94 students from high school students, technical courses, and adult education participated, all from public schools from a municipality in the countryside of Bahia/Brazil, and responded to the test of free word association. The evocations were submitted to the softwares EVOC and IRAMUTEQ. RESULTS: students recognize that the female condom is a technology that provides autonomy, protects against sexually transmitted infections, and prevents pregnancy. In contrast, they reported that their reasons for not using the method are finding it uncomfortable and strange. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Social representations point to the need for strategies that promote information exchange and stimulate practical knowledge about the female condom among public school students.

Social Representations of health care professionals on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To apprehend social representation of health care professionals on HIV/AIDS and to compare it with a subgroup of physicians. METHOD: Qualitative research based on the Theory of Social Representations. Free associations for the term HIV/AIDS were collected from 73 workers of public services specialized in HIV/AIDS, in Salvador-Bahia. The results were analyzed in the EVOC software. RESULTS: For all health professionals, HIV/AIDS is associated with "prejudice, care, disease and prevention", and for the subgroup of physicians it is associated with the term "prevention". Health professionals represented HIV/AIDS similarly to society in general and, due to their normative character, prescribed attitudes typical of health care professionals. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The findings show that, despite the advances in the health area regarding the treatment of AIDS, prejudice still persists. It is important to strengthen interdisciplinary actions focused on discussions on this theme during training, favoring the comprehensiveness of the assistance.

Impetrações judiciais de mães de crianças com síndrome congênita do vírus zika: das motivações aos desfechos / Impetracciones judiciales de madres de personas menores con síndrome congénito del virus zika: De las motivaciones a los resultados / Judicial impetractions of mothers of children with congenital zika virus syndrome: From motivations to outcomes

Introdução: As famílias de crianças com Síndrome Congênita do Zika (SCZ) convivem com dificuldades para suprir suas necessidades de saúde, portanto acionam o poder judiciário para gozar do seu direito à saúde. Objetivo: Apreender as principais motivações das impetrações judiciais requeridas por mães de crianças com SCZ e seus desfechos. Metodologia: Estudo exploratório documental com abordagem qualitativa, realizado no sítio eletrônico JusBrasil e coleta procedida em março de 2020. Foram incluídas 15 impetrações judiciais publicadas entre janeiro de 2016 e junho de 2019. A análise lexical através do software IRaMuTeQ e a análise de conteúdo temática foram realizadas. Resultados: O acesso às tecnologias assistivas é a principal motivação para impetrações judiciais, com vistas a assegurar melhora no desenvolvimento da criança e consequente independência da criança. As decisões judiciais beneficiaram as crianças com SCZ, fundamentadas no direito à saúde, direito à vida e proteção, e o direito de ir e vir. Conclusão: Para mitigar os impactos da judicialização da saúde as autoridades sanitárias e judiciárias podem investir em melhor vigilância e monitoramento dos fatores de risco e morbidades; rigor nos protocolos sanitários que envolvem migração de pessoas em zonas fronteiriças; ofertas de condições ambientais e de moradia dignas; realização de cuidados preventivos com destaque para a eficiência da imunização; além da organização e funcionamento de uma rede de atenção à saúde eficaz com abordagem interdisciplinar.

Introducción: Las familias de personas menores con síndrome de zika congénito (SZC) viven con dificultades para satisfacer sus necesidades de salud, por lo que hacen un llamado al Poder Judicial para gozar de este derecho. Objetivo: Conocer las principales motivaciones de las demandas presentadas por madres de niños y niñas con SZC y sus desenlaces. Metodología: Estudio documental exploratorio con enfoque cualitativo, realizado en el sitio web de JusBrasil y recogido en marzo de 2020. Se incluyeron 15 juicios publicados entre enero de 2016 y junio de 2019 en JusBrasil. Se realizó el análisis léxico a través del software IRaMuTeQ y el análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: El acceso a las tecnologías asistenciales es la principal motivación de las demandas, con el fin de asegurar la mejora en el desarrollo de la persona menor y su consecuente independencia. Las decisiones judiciales beneficiaron a niñas y niños con SZC, basadas en los derechos a la salud, a la vida y protección y a ir y venir. Conclusiones: Para mitigar los impactos de la judicialización en salud, las autoridades sanitarias y judiciales pueden invertir en una mejor vigilancia y seguimiento de los factores de riesgo y morbilidades, rigor en los protocolos sanitarios que implican la migración de personas en zonas fronterizas, ofrecer condiciones ambientales y habitacionales dignas, realizar cuidados preventivos, con énfasis en la eficiencia de la inmunización, además de la organización y operación de una red de atención de salud efectiva con enfoque interdisciplinario.

Introduction: Families of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CSZ) live with difficulties to meet their health needs; therefore, they resort to the law system in order claim their right to health. Objective: To apprehend the main motivations and outcomes of the lawsuits filed by mothers of children with CSZ. Methodology: Exploratory documentary study with a qualitative approach carried out on the JusBrasil website and collected in March 2020. The study included 15 lawsuits published between January 2016 and June 2019 in JusBrasil. A lexical analysis through the IRaMuTeQ software and a thematic content analysis were performed. Results: The access to assistive technologies is the main motivation for the lawsuits; these are issued with the objective to ensure improvement in the child's development and further independence of the child. Court decisions benefited children with CSZ based on the right to health, the right to life and protection, and the right to come and go. Conclusion: To mitigate the impacts of health judicialization, health and judicial authorities can invest in better surveillance and monitoring of the risk factors and morbidities, strictness in the health protocols that involve migration of people in border areas, offering of decent environmental and housing conditions, execution of preventive care with emphasis on the efficiency of immunization, as well as the organization and execution of an effective health care network with an interdisciplinary approach.

Transitions experienced by mothers of children/adolescents with sickle cell disease in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic / Transiciones vividas por madres de niños/adolescentes con enfermedad de células falciformes en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19 / Transições vivenciadas por mães de crianças/adolescentes com doença falciforme no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the transitions experienced by mothers and children/adolescents with sickle cell disease after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: A qualitative study involving 19 mothers of children and adolescents with sickle cell disease. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews via WhatsApp, followed by Thematic Analysis and Descending Hierarchical Classification with the help of Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Texteset de Questionnaires and interpreted in the light of Afaf Meleis' Transition Theory. Results: Support from family members for displacement; mothers' adherence to the routine of daily stimuli and physical exercises favored healthy transitions; lack of remote health care; low socioeconomic resources; interruption of the physiotherapy service; and maternal overload favor unhealthy transitions. Final considerations: Efforts/movements by mothers ensure the healthy transition of children/adolescents with sickle disease during the pandemic, while supporting their unhealthy transition.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las transiciones vividas por madres y niños/adolescentes con enfermedad de células falciformes después del surgimiento de la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: Estudio cualitativo en el que participaron 19 madres de niños y adolescentes con enfermedad de células falciformes. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas vía WhatsApp, seguidas de Análisis Temático y Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente con la ayuda deInterface de R pour les AnalysesMultidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnairese interpretadas a la luz de la Teoría de la Transición de AfafMeleis. Resultados: Apoyo de familiares por desplazamiento; la adherencia de las madres a la rutina de estímulos diarios y ejercicios físicos favoreció las transiciones saludables; falta de atención médica remota; bajos recursos socioeconómicos; interrupción del servicio de fisioterapia; y la sobrecarga materna favorecen las transiciones poco saludables. Consideraciones finales: Los esfuerzos/movimientos de las madres aseguran la transición saludable de los niños/adolescentes con enfermidades de células falciformes durante la pandemia, al mismo tiempo que apoyan su transición no saludable.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as transições vivenciadas por mães de crianças/adolescentes com doença falciforme após o surgimento da pandemia da COVID-19. Método: Estudo qualitativo, envolveu 19 mães de crianças e adolescentes com doença falciforme. Os dados foram obtidos mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas via WhatsApp, seguidas de Análise Temática e Classificação Hierárquica Descendente com auxílio do Interface de R pourles Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires e interpretados à luz da Teoria de Transições de Afaf Meleis. Resultados: Apoio dos familiares para deslocamento; adesão das mães à rotina de estímulos diários e exercícios físicos favoreceram as transições saudáveis; inexistência de atendimento de saúde remoto; baixos recursos socioeconômicos; interrupção do serviço de fisioterapia; e sobrecarga materna favorecem as transições insalubres. Considerações finais: Esforços/movimentos das mães asseguraram a transição saudável de crianças/adolescentes com doença falciforme durante a pandemia, ao mesmo tempo que corroborou para a transição insalubre das mesmas.

Estigma percebido por mães de crianças com síndrome congênita do Zika vírus / Stigma perceived by mothers of children with congenital Zika virus syndrome

RESUMO Objetivo apreender as experiências do estigma percebido por mães de crianças com síndrome congênita do Zika vírus e suas repercussões. Métodos estudo qualitativo desenvolvido com 12 mães respondentes às entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foram procedidas a Análise Fatorial de Correspondência e Classificação Hierárquica Descendente por meio do Software IRaMuTeQ. Resultados emergiram quatro classes que abordam a experiência com a percepção do estigma: Percebendo a discriminação do público; Comportamentos estigmatizadores e suas repercussões; Sentindo-se culpada e adotando estratégias de enfrentamento; Vivenciando a Rejeição do pai, dos outros e sentindo Solidão. Conclusão o estigma é percebido por mães de crianças com síndrome congênita do Zika vírus em interações afetivas, familiares e sociais, expressas através da rejeição, afastamento e exclusão resultantes em sofrimento às mães, as quais adotam como estratégias de enfrentamento ocultar a criança e o autoisolamento. Contribuições para a prática: à Enfermagem cabe identificar sinais de isolamento social, tristeza profunda e estresse relacionado ao estigma em ser mãe de uma criança com síndrome congênita do Zika vírus e elaborar planos de cuidados para prevenção do adoecimento materno.

ABSTRACT Objective to build care gerontotechnologies to help family caregivers with the difficulties experienced in the context of elderly people with Alzheimer's disease. Methods strategic action research carried out with seven family caregivers of elderly people with Alzheimer's disease and 12 health academics from a university. Data was gathered from the family caregivers using a semi-structured interview. Three focus groups were held with the academics. The data was submitted to the discursive textual analysis technique. Results eight difficulties experienced by family caregivers emerged, corresponding to cognitive aspects, Activities of Daily Living and issues relating to family care. It was possible to construct 14 care gerontotechnologies in product form. Conclusion gerontotechnologies were built to help family caregivers with the difficulties experienced by elderly people living with Alzheimer's disease. Contributions to practice: the gerontotechnologies developed have the potential to contribute to the care process, since they can be used by family caregivers on a daily basic and can be adapted to each reality, based on the unique needs of each elderly person.

Conhecimento de estudantes do ensino médio sobre métodos contraceptivos: pesquisa-ação em escolas da rede privada / Knowledge of high school students about contraceptive methods: action research in private schools / Conocimientos de estudiantes de secundaria sobre métodos anticonceptivos: investigación-acción en escuelas privadas

OBJETIVO: Identificar o conhecimento de estudantes sobre os métodos contraceptivos, antes e após a realização de oficinas sobre a temática. MÉTODOS: Pesquisa-ação, realizada com 38 estudantes do ensino médio. Foram realizadas oficinas com discussão da temática (audiogravadas) e aplicação de pré e pós-teste em outubro de 2022. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo temática para as narrativas e cálculo da frequência relativa para as questões fechadas do questionário. RESULTADOS: As narrativas se diferenciam entre as escolas. Os estudantes acreditam que o dispositivo intrauterino é abortivo; conhecem pouco sobre dupla proteção; e associam a pílula anticoncepcional aos benefícios à estética. Após as oficinas houve ampliação dos acertos e incorporação de novos conhecimentos mensurados pelo pós-teste nas duas escolas. CONCLUSÃO: É importante realizar oficinas no ambiente escolar a fim de reduzir danos à saúde e o Programa Saúde na Escola pode ser um facilitador para o acesso às temáticas da sexualidade e saúde reprodutiva.

OBJECTIVE: To identify students' knowledge about contraceptive methods, before and after workshops on the topic. METHODS: Action research, carried out with 38 high school students. Workshops were held with discussion of the topic (audiorecorded) and application of pre- and post-tests in October 2022. Thematic content analysis was used for the narratives and calculation of the relative frequency for the closed questions of the questionnaire. RESULTS: The narratives differ between schools. Students believe that the intrauterine device is abortifacient; they know little about double protection; and they associate the contraceptive pill with aesthetic benefits. After the workshops, there was an increase in correct answers and the incorporation of new knowledge measured by the post-test in both schools. CONCLUSION: It is important to hold workshops in the school environment in order to reduce harm to health and the School Health Program can be a facilitator for access to sexuality and reproductive health topics.

OBJETIVO: Identificar los conocimientos de los estudiantes sobre métodos anticonceptivos, antes y después de los talleres sobre el tema. MÉTODOS: Investigación acción, realizada con 38 estudiantes de secundaria. Se realizaron talleres con discusión del tema (audiograbados) y aplicación de pre y post pruebas en octubre de 2022. Para las narrativas se utilizó análisis de contenido temático y cálculo de la frecuencia relativa para las preguntas cerradas del cuestionario. RESULTADOS: Las narrativas difieren entre escuelas. Los estudiantes creen que el dispositivo intrauterino es abortivo; saben poco sobre la doble protección; y asocian la píldora anticonceptiva con beneficios estéticos. Luego de los talleres, hubo un aumento en las respuestas correctas y la incorporación de nuevos conocimientos medidos por el post-test en ambas escuelas. CONCLUSIÓN: Es importante realizar talleres en el ámbito escolar para reducir los daños a la salud y el Programa de Salud Escolar puede ser un facilitador para el acceso a temas de sexualidad y salud reproductiva.

Sexualidade de mulheres vivendo com HIV: é complicado / Sexuality of women living with HIV: it's complicated / Sexualidad de mujeres que viven con VIH: es complicado

Objetivo: analisar a estrutura das representações sociais de mulheres que vivem com HIV sobre sexualidade. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa com referencial teóricometodológico da Teoria das Representações Sociais, ancorada na Teoria do Núcleo Central. Foram coletadas evocações livres de palavras, nos meses de agosto a novembro de 2018, de 191 mulheres vivendo com HIV em um município da Bahia. Os dados foram processados pelo software Evoc conformando quadros de quatro casas. Resultados: Em sua estrutura apresenta as palavras sexo, se prevenir, não sei e complicado. Os termos remetem a concepção da sexualidade como algo "difícil" de ser nominado e que demanda cuidados preventivos. Os elementos centrais e periféricos apresentaram, sua maioria, uma conotação negativa da sexualidade. Conclusão: As representações se ancoram em situações de temor e no medo em expor a condição de vivência com o vírus. Sugere-se que a temática possa ser incorporada às práticas de cuidados de profissionais de saúde

Objective: To analyze the structure of social representations of women living with HIV about sexuality. Method: Qualitative research with theoretical and methodological framework of the Theory of Social Representations, anchored in the Theory of the Central Nucleus. Word-free evocations were collected in the months of August to November 2018 from 191 women living with HIV in a municipality in Bahia. The data were processed by the Evoc software, forming tables of four houses. Results: In its structure it presents the words sex, to prevent, I do not know and complicated. The terms refer to the conception of sexuality as something "difficult" to be named and that requires preventive care. The central and peripheral elements presented, for the most part, a negative connotation of sexuality. Conclusion: The representations are anchored in situations of fear and fear of exposing the condition of living with the virus. It is suggested that the theme can be incorporated into the care practices of health professionals.

Objetivo: Analizar la estructura de las representaciones sociales de las mujeres que viven con el VIH sobre la sexualidad. Método: Investigación cualitativa con marco teórico y metodológico de la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, anclado en la Teoría del Núcleo Central. Se recopilaron evocaciones sin palabras en los meses de agosto a noviembre de 2018 de 191 mujeres que viven con el VIH en un municipio de Bahía. Los datos fueron procesados por el software Evoc, formando tablas de cuatro casas. Resultados: En su estructura presenta las palabras sexo, prevenir, no sé y complicado. Los términos se refieren a la concepción de la sexualidad como algo "difícil" de nombrar y que requiere cuidados preventivos. Los elementos centrales y periféricos presentaron, en su mayor parte, una connotación negativa de sexualidad. Conclusión: Las representaciones están ancladas en situaciones de miedo y miedo a exponer la condición de convivencia con el virus. Se sugiere que el tema se pueda incorporar a las prácticas asistenciales de los profesionales de la salud.

Saúde e discriminação no processo de envelhecimento LGBTQIA+ / Health and discrimination in the aging process LGBTQIA+ / Salud y discriminación em el processo de envejecimiento LGBTQIA+

Objetivo: Identificar as experiências e discriminações vividas pela população LGBTQIA+ em envelhecimento durante a prestação dos serviços de saúde. Método: Estudo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, por meio da aplicação de um questionário com informações sociodemográficas e questões sobre experiências anteriores dentro de instituições de saúde e percepção do cuidado recebido. Resultados: Participaram nove pessoas, predominantemente, identificadas como homens cisgêneros; e, apenas um estava com idade entre 65 e 70 anos. Em sua maioria buscam o serviço de saúde duas vezes ao ano motivado principalmente por problemas particulares, do sistema respiratório, hipertensão arterial ou dores persistentes. Indicaram não haver desencorajamento para a procura de serviços e a maioria não relatou experiências de discriminação. Conclusão: A baixa frequência de discriminação pode indicar a dificuldade de caracterizar a exposição e/ou vivências por esta população. Sendo assim, devese buscar entender o que essa população considera discriminação por parte dos serviços de saúde a pessoas LGBTQIA + durante o processo de envelhecimento.

Objective: To identify the experiences and discrimination experienced by the aging LGBTQIA+ population during the provision of health services. Method: Exploratory study with a qualitative approach, through the application of a questionnaire with sociodemographic information and questions about previous experiences within health institutions and perception of care received. Results: Nine people participated, predominantly identified as cisgender men; and, only one was aged between 65 and 70 years. Most seek the health service twice a year motivated mainly by particular problems, the respiratory system, high blood pressure or persistent pain. They indicated that there was no discouragement to seek services and most did not report experiences of discrimination. Conclusion: The low frequency of discrimination may indicate the difficulty of characterizing the exposure and/or experiences of this population. Therefore, one should seek to understand what this population considers discrimination by health services to LGBTQIA+ people during the aging process.

Objetivo: Identificar las experiencias y la discriminación que vive la población LGBTQIA+ envejecida durante la prestación de los servicios de salud. Método: Estudio exploratorio con enfoque cualitativo, mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario con información sociodemográfica y preguntas sobre experiencias previas dentro de las instituciones de salud y percepción de la atención recibida. Resultados: Participaron nueve personas, predominantemente identificadas como hombres cisgénero; y, solo uno tenía entre 65 y 70 años. La mayoría acude al servicio de salud dos veces al año motivada principalmente por problemas particulares, del sistema respiratorio, hipertensión arterial o dolor persistente. Indicaron que no hubo desánimo para buscar servicios y la mayoría no reportó experiencias de discriminación. Conclusión: La baja frecuencia de discriminación puede indicar la dificultad de caracterizar las exposiciones y/o experiencias de esta población. Por lo tanto, se debe buscar comprender lo que esta población considera discriminación por parte de los servicios de salud a las personas LGBTQIA+ durante el proceso de envejecimiento.

Conhecimento dos agentes comunitários de saúde sobre o aleitamento materno / Knowledge of community health workers about breastfeeding / Conocimiento de los trabajadores comunitarios de la salud sobre la lactancia materna

Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento sobre aleitamento materno e os fatores associados a esse entendimento entre agentes comunitários de saúde. Método: estudo quantitativo, descritivo-analítico, transversal, realizado com 153 ACS de Senhor do Bonfim, Bahia. Para a verificação das variáveis associadas ao conhecimento sobre aleitamento, realizou-se análise bivariada (Odds Ratio, Intervalo de Confiança 95% e Testes Qui-quadrado/Fisher) e análise ajustada através da Regressão Logística Múltipla (Stepwise). Resultados: o estudo mostrou que os agentes comunitários de saúde apresentam elevado nível de conhecimento sobre aleitamento materno. Houve associação entre o conhecimento sobre aleitamento materno e ter filhos, trabalhar na Estratégia de Saúde da Família, ter participado de capacitação e alto conhecimento sobre as atribuições gerais da profissão. Conclusão: Os profissionais possuem adequado entendimento sobre a temática. Todavia, importantes equívocos foram observados e caso repassados para a comunidade podem prejudicar a instalação e manutenção do aleitamento materno(AU)

Objective: to analyze knowledge about breastfeeding and the factors associated with this understanding among community health agents. Method: quantitative, descriptive-analytical, cross-sectional study, carried out with 153 CHAs from Senhor do Bonfim, Bahia. To verify the variables associated with knowledge about breastfeeding, bivariate analysis was carried out (Odds Ratio, 95% Confidence Interval and Chi-square/Fisher Tests) and adjusted analysis using Multiple Logistic Regression (Stepwise). Results: the study showed that community health agents have a high level of knowledge about breastfeeding. There was an association between knowledge about breastfeeding and having children, working in the Family Health Strategy, having participated in training and high knowledge about the general responsibilities of the profession. Conclusion: Professionals have an adequate understanding of the topic. However, important mistakes were observed and, if passed on to the community, they could harm the installation and maintenance of breastfeeding(AU)

Objetivo: analizar el conocimiento sobre lactancia materna y los factores asociados a ese entendimiento entre agentes comunitarios de salud. Método: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo-analítico, transversal, realizado con 153 ACS del Senhor do Bonfim, Bahía. Para verificar las variables asociadas al conocimiento sobre lactancia materna, se realizó análisis bivariado (Odds Ratio, Intervalo de Confianza del 95% y Pruebas Chi-cuadrado/Fisher) y análisis ajustado mediante Regresión Logística Múltiple (Stepwise). Resultados: el estudio demostró que los agentes comunitarios de salud tienen un alto nivel de conocimiento sobre la lactancia materna. Hubo asociación entre conocimiento sobre lactancia materna y tener hijos, trabajar en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia, haber participado en capacitaciones y alto conocimiento sobre las responsabilidades generales de la profesión. Conclusión: Los profesionales tienen un conocimiento adecuado del tema. Sin embargo, se observaron errores importantes que, de transmitirse a la comunidad, podrían perjudicar la instalación y el mantenimiento de la lactancia materna(AU)

Care for women involved with drugs: social representations of nurses. / Cuidado a mulheres envolvidas com drogas: representações sociais de enfermeiras.

OBJECTIVE:: analyze social representations of nurses related to the care for women involved with drugs. METHOD:: qualitative research founded on the theory of social representations, with 42 nurses from a public maternity ward of Salvador-BA, using identification questionnaire, test of free association of words, and semi-structured interview. We analyzed the structure of social representations and the similarity tree of free evocations, and also analyzed the content of interviews. RESULTS:: care for women involved with drugs is represented by a set of words that shows theoretical questions and scientific techniques, but faced with experiences in the training, in the daily work and in ideas and values assigned to the consumption of drugs especially in the gravidic-puerperal period. CONCLUSION:: The social representations of nurses show conflicts between social and cultural aspects around the problem of drugs and the health care provided to women involved with drugs.

Significados e metáforas da covid-19 na experiência de homens adultos que tiveram a doença / Significados y metáforas del covid-19 en la experiencia de los hombres adultos que han tenido la enfermedad / Meanings and metaphors of covid-19 in the experience of adult men who have had the disease

Objetivo: compreender os significados e metáforas da Covid-19 na experiência de homens que tiveram a doença. Método: estudo qualitativo, realizado em ambiente virtual envolvendo 75 homens adultos, residentes no Brasil, sobreviventes da Covid-19, recrutados nas redes sociais Facebook® e Instagram®. Os dados foram coletados em resposta a um instrumento disponibilizado no Google Forms®. Os dados foram submetidos à análise lexical e à análise temática, e interpretados à luz da socioantropologia da doença. Resultados: do conteúdo temático emergiram três categorias: Percepção de vulnerabilidade à morte; As dores dos sintomas da doença e do isolamento; e Significados atribuídos à doença e ao adoecer. Conclusão: os homens elaboram metáforas da Covid 19 como um mal que os surpreende, desestrutura suas vidas e os isola. Posicionam-na como um sujeito perigoso de tal forma que a discriminação provoca mais sofrimento do que as manifestações clínicas.

Objetivo: Comprender los significados y las metáforas de Covid-19 en la experiencia de los hombres que han tenido la enfermedad. Método: Estudio cualitativo, realizado en un ambiente virtual con 75 hombres adultos, residentes en Brasil, supervivientes de la Covid-19, reclutados en las redes sociales Facebook® e Instagram®. Los datos se recogieron en respuesta a un instrumento disponible en Google Forms®. Los datos se sometieron a un análisis léxico y a un análisis temático y se interpretaron a la luz de la socioantropología de la enfermedad. Resultados: del contenido temático surgieron tres categorías: Percepción de vulnerabilidad ante la muerte; Los dolores de los síntomas de la enfermedad y el aislamiento; y Significados atribuidos a la enfermedad y al proceso enfermar. Conclusión: Los hombres elaboran metáforas de la Covid-19 como un mal que les sorprende, les desestructura la vida y les aísla. Ella es posicionada como un sujeto peligroso, de tal manera que la discriminación provoca más sufrimiento que las manifestaciones clínicas.

Objective: To understand the meanings and metaphors of Covid-19 in the experience of men who have had the disease. Method: Qualitative study, conducted in a virtual environment involving 75 adult men, living in Brazil, Covid-19 survivors, recruited in the social networks Facebook® and Instagram®. Data were collected by responding to an instrument made available on Google Forms®. The data were subjected to lexical and thematic analysis and interpreted in the light of the Socio Anthropology of illness. Results: three categories emerged from the thematic content: Perception of vulnerability to death; The pains of the symptoms of illness and isolation; and Meanings attributed to the illness and getting sick. Conclusion: Men elaborate metaphors of Covid-19 as an evil that surprises them, disrupts their lives, and isolates and positions them. They put it as a dangerous subject in the way that discrimination causes more suffering than clinical manifestations.

Feelings experienced by mothers and children/adolescents with sickle disease in the context of the covid-19 pandemic / Sentimientos experimentados por madres y niños/adolescentes con enfermedad falciforme en el contexto de la pandemia del covid-19 / Sentimentos vivenciados por mães e crianças/adolescentes com doença falciforme no contexto da pandemia da covid-19

ABSTRACT Objective to know the feelings of children/adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease perceived by mothers and to identify feelings experienced by mothers of children/adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method qualitative study, developed in a city in the state of Bahia with the participation of 19 mothers of children and adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease. Data were obtained between March and April 2020 through semi-structured interviews via WhatsApp calls, which were submitted to thematic, factor and similarity analysis after transcription. Results the participants reported feeling overloaded due to dedicating themselves full time to the care of their children, who were more vulnerable and emotionally unstable due to social distancing. Therefore, strategies were adopted by mothers, intending to help adaptation and stress reduction - provided by the context of the pandemic - for themselves and in their children. Conclusion mothers of children/adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease need to be supported and instrumentalized in order to implement care centered on the psychoemotional dimension and seek specialized help, especially regarding feelings triggered due to the need to maintain the therapeutic routine of their children in the midst of the pandemic.

RESUMEN Objetivo conocer los sentimientos de los niños/adolescentes con Drepanocitosis percibidos por las madres e identificar los sentimientos experimentados por las madres de niños/adolescentes con Drepanocitosis después del surgimiento de la pandemia de COVID-19. Método estudio cualitativo, desarrollado en una ciudad del estado de Bahía con la participación de 19 madres de niños y adolescentes con enfermedad de células falciformes. Los datos se obtuvieron entre marzo y abril de 2020 a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a través de llamadas de WhatsApp, que fueron sometidas a análisis temático, factorial y de similitud después de la transcripción. Resultados los participantes relataron sentirse sobrecargados al dedicar tiempo completo al cuidado de sus hijos, quienes se encontraban más vulnerables e inestables emocionalmente debido al distanciamiento social. Por lo tanto, las estrategias fueron adoptadas por las madres, con la intención de adaptarse y reducir las tensiones, proporcionadas por el contexto de la pandemia, en ellas y en sus hijos. Conclusión las madres de niños/adolescentes con Enfermedad de Células Falciformes necesitan ser apoyadas e instrumentalizadas para implementar cuidados centrados en la dimensión psicoemocional y buscar ayuda especializada, especialmente en relación a los sentimientos desencadenados por la necesidad de mantener la rutina terapéutica de sus hijos en la medio de la pandemia.

RESUMO Objetivo conhecer sentimentos de crianças/adolescentes com Doença Falciforme percebidos pelas mães e identificar sentimentos vivenciados por mães de crianças/adolescentes com Doença Falciforme após o surgimento da pandemia da COVID-19. Método estudo qualitativo, desenvolvido numa cidade do estado da Bahia com a participação de 19 mães de crianças e adolescentes com Doença Falciforme. Os dados foram obtidos entre março e abril de 2020 mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas via WhatsApp, as quais, após transcritas, foram submetidas a análise temática, análise fatorial e análise de similitude. Resultados as participantes referiram sentir sobrecarga ao dedicarem tempo integral aos cuidados dos filhos, que se mostraram mais vulneráveis e instáveis emocionalmente devido ao distanciamento social. Diante disso, estratégias foram adotadas pelas mães, tencionando a adaptação e a diminuição das tensões - proporcionadas pelo contexto da pandemia - nelas mesmas e em seus filhos. Conclusão as mães de crianças/adolescentes com Doença Falciforme necessitam ser apoiadas e instrumentalizadas para que se implementem cuidados centrados na dimensão psicoemocional e se busque ajuda especializada, principalmente diante daqueles sentimentos deflagrados em razão da necessidade de manter a rotina terapêutica dos seus filhos em meio à pandemia.