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PURPOSE: Lumbar degenerative diseases impose a substantial health burden, prompting the exploration of advanced surgical approaches such as Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion (OLIF). This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the comparative efficacy of OLIF with anterior screw fixation (OLIF-AF) against OLIF with posterior pedicle fixation (OLIF-PF) in addressing these conditions. METHODS: A systematic search across multiple databases identified five studies meeting inclusion criteria, incorporating a total of 271 patients. Comparative analysis encompasses primary and secondary outcomes related to fusion rates, intraoperative parameters, patient-reported measures, and radiographic assessments. RESULTS: Primary outcome analysis demonstrated no statistically significant difference in total fusion rates between OLIF-AF and OLIF-PF. However, secondary outcomes revealed distinct advantages in OLIF-AF, showcasing lower intraoperative blood loss and reduced operative times compared to OLIF-PF. Nonetheless, patient-reported outcomes, encompassing measures such as pain scores and functional assessments, as well as radiographic parameters, exhibited no significant variations between the two techniques. CONCLUSION: While OLIF-AF displayed favorable results in intraoperative parameters, such as reduced blood loss and shorter operative times, it did not significantly differ in patient-reported outcomes and radiographic assessments compared to OLIF-PF. Interpretation of findings must consider limitations in sample sizes and study heterogeneity. Future investigations with larger, more diverse cohorts and extended follow-ups are imperative to confirm these preliminary findings and comprehend the actual clinical impact of these OLIF techniques in managing lumbar degenerative diseas.
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Degeneración del Disco Intervertebral , Vértebras Lumbares , Tornillos Pediculares , Fusión Vertebral , Humanos , Fusión Vertebral/métodos , Fusión Vertebral/instrumentación , Vértebras Lumbares/cirugía , Vértebras Lumbares/diagnóstico por imagen , Degeneración del Disco Intervertebral/cirugía , Degeneración del Disco Intervertebral/diagnóstico por imagen , Tornillos Óseos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: After introducing Covid-19 vaccines, a few side effects were reported, pityriasis rosea being one of them. Therefore, this study will systematically review its manifestation afteradministration. METHODS: Databases were searched, covering a timeline from December 1, 2019 to February 28, 2022. Data were independently extracted and accessed for bias. SPSS statistical software version 25 was used for appropriate inferential statistics. RESULTS: Thirty-one studies were included for data extraction after screening following the eligibility criteria. A total of 111 people were identified to have developed pityriasis rosea or pityriasis rosea-like eruptions after vaccination, out of which 36 (55.38%) were female. The average age of incidence was calculated to be 44.92 years, and 63 (62.37%) people presented after administration of the first dose. It was found popularly in the trunk area, either asymptomatically or with mild symptoms. Meantime the onset, was 8.58 days, and meantime it took to recover, was 6.44 weeks. CONCLUSION: The association between pityriasis rosea and pityriasis rosea-like eruptions after Covid-19 vaccines was established, but given the scarcity of studies, there is a need to conduct different clinical trials to confirm this association further and study the etiology and mechanism of the disease.
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COVID-19 , Efectos Colaterales y Reacciones Adversas Relacionados con Medicamentos , Pitiriasis Rosada , Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Masculino , Pitiriasis Rosada/epidemiología , Pitiriasis Rosada/etiología , Pitiriasis Rosada/diagnóstico , Vacunas contra la COVID-19/efectos adversos , COVID-19/epidemiología , VacunaciónRESUMEN
The renal system manifestations of coronavirus disease-2019 have been documented extensively; however, scientific literature remains scarce regarding collapsing glomerulopathy hence the need for this investigation. Methods: A comprehensive review was conducted covering a timeline from 1 January 2020 to 5 February 2022 without any restrictions. The data extraction was conducted independently, and articles were assessed for the risk of bias. Data analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3.3.070 and RevMan version 5.4 for pooled proportions and risk ratio (RR) between dialysis-dependent and independent treatment groups with a P-value less than 0.05 considered significant. Results: A total of 38 studies were included in this review, including 74 (65.9%) males. The mean age was 54.2 years old. The most common symptoms reported were related to the respiratory system (59.6%, 95% CI: 50.4-68.2%) and hematuria (34.2%, 95% CI: 26.1-43.4). Antibiotics (25.9%, 95% CI: 12.9-45.3%) was the commonest management used. Proteinuria was the most reported laboratory finding at 89.5% (95% CI: 82.4-93.9%), while the commonest microscopic finding was acute tubular injury (77.2%, 95% CI: 68.6-84.0%). An increased risk of the presence of symptoms (P=0.005) and microscopic findings (P=0.0003) related to collapsing glomerulopathy in dialysis-dependent group was noted with increased management (P=0.01) used in this group for coronavirus disease-2019 infection. Conclusion: The findings of this study portray the prognostic value of the variables (symptoms and microscopic findings, etc.) reported in the analysis. Hence this study serves as a foundation for future investigations that minimize the study's limitations to provide a more robust conclusion.
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Introduction The coverage of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) immunization uptake has been impacted by the acceptance of regular vaccine uptake and, like many other vaccination attempts in the past, it also faces issues of vaccine hesitancy. Through this study, we hoped to assess the conspiracy theories and beliefs attached to the COVID-19 vaccination efforts in Pakistan Methods This study was conducted among the general population of Pakistan, aged 16 and above, from April 29 to May 29, 2021. The data was collected through English and Urdu questionnaires by a method of convenient sampling. A total of 600 participants were asked to fill in 34 questions pertaining to vaccine hesitancy and conspiracies. We used the Modified Kuppuswamy Socioeconomic Scale, Kuppuswamy Socioeconomic Scale, Conspiracy Mentality Questionnaire (CMQ), and Vaccine Conspiracy Belief Scale (VCBS) as our questions. Results A total of 591 participants responded to our questionnaire. The majority were females (56.7%), had an undergraduate degree (41.5%), and belonged to the upper middle socioeconomic class (40%). Factors like occupation (p=0.001), education (p=0.001), socioeconomic status (p<0.001), any family member who contracted coronavirus (p=0.016), source of knowledge (p=0.002), and total monthly income (p<0.001) were found to be statistically significant. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that conspiracy theories and misinformation about vaccinations are prevalent in our region. They are influenced by propaganda and negative cultural values among the population To combat and restrict the spread of this problem, our study can provide useful data to develop more appropriate policy measures.
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Spontaneous acquired diaphragmatic hernia is a rare finding which occurs in the absence of any trauma or surgery. Here, we present the case of an 83-year-old male who presented to the outpatient department complaining of nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain and sensation of fullness, loss of appetite, and occasional episodes of constipation, with no history of trauma or surgery. Clinical examination revealed no specific cause. A clinical diagnosis of cholelithiasis was initially suspected and confirmed by an ultrasound of the abdomen. However, considering the worsening of symptoms, a computed tomography scan revealed an incidental right-sided spontaneous diaphragmatic hernia. A subsequent laparoscopic surgery for cholecystectomy and the correction of the right-sided defect in the diaphragm was performed. spontaneous acquired diaphragmatic hernia occurring secondary to a defect on the right side of the diaphragm without any history of trauma or surgery is an extraordinary and infrequent radiological finding. Considering the challenging clinical diagnosis of such hernias, clinicians should be vigilant when patients exhibit worsening symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal obstruction with or without respiratory and cardiac complications. The surgical management of such hernias is effective and secure and usually requires either an abdominal or thoracic approach and a combination of both accesses in some cases.
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Introduction Birth weight is described as the primary determinant of the chances of survival among newborns. Low birth weight (LBW) is considered to be a major public health issue, especially among developing countries where poor maternal nutritional status is identified as a cause of both long and short-term adverse consequences. In developing countries, the majority of the LBW infants are born at term but are affected by intrauterine growth restriction, which might have begun early in the pregnancy period. We conducted this study in order to determine the possible effects of the poor nutritional status of mothers on the birth weight of their newborns. However, in disparity to the previous literature, our study evaluated unpredictable results. Methods This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted at two tertiary care teaching hospitals from November 2020 to April 2021 in order to determine the possible effects of the poor nutritional status of mothers on the birth weight of their newborns. 156 women both primigravida and multigravida of ages between 15 and 50 years and those who delivered low birth weight (LBW) babies of either gender at term (37-40 weeks of gestation) were included. For all mothers who delivered LBW (<2500 g) at term, their mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) was measured by inelastic tape. Mothers with MUAC less than 21 cm were considered malnourished. Results A total of 156 study participants were included in the study, with majority (n=112, %=71.8%) of them between the ages of 20 and 30 years. The mean age of all included participants was calculated to be 25.96±4.54 years (ranging from 18 to 38 years). Prevalence of maternal malnutrition was observed in 41 (26.3%) of the included women who delivered LBW babies, in contrast to high prevalence rates in previous literature. Conclusions In contrast to the previous literature, our study has shown that the nutritional status of mothers has no significant impact on the weight of neonates and the majority of neonates in our study were not severely low weight.