RESUMEN
Studying the mechanisms by which climate change interacted with human societies during the historical period can provide historical insights and cultural roots for climate policy building in the region. In this study, we constructed Stability-Robustness-Resilience Model (SSR model) and used the TOPSIS method (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) and the entropy weight method to assess the change processes of robustness, resilience, and stability of Ming's society in response to climate threats. We have also compared three extreme droughts that occurred in different periods of social robustness-resilience combinations by using the SRR model. The results are as follows. (1) The stability of the Ming society was high in YongLe - HongZhi period (1402-1505 CE), when both social robustness and resilience were higher than the average level of Ming Dynasty (0.5611 for the former and 0.4215 for the latter), but there was a significant decline in social stability in TianShun period (1457-1464 CE). In ZhengDe - ChongZhen period (1506-1644 CE), the stability of Ming society gradually decreased, and it rebounded shortly in the LongQing-WanLi period (1506-1620 CE). (2) The high stability benefited from higher socio-economic levels, better government finance levels, larger national food reserves, safer social environments (high robustness), and higher levels of ruling class governance and risk response (high resilience); whereas insecure social environment induced by war, declining socio-economic levels and government finance levels were the main reasons for the decline in society's stability. (3)The ChengHua and WanLi droughts both happened at a time with high social robustness, so although their meteorological anomalies were severe, their impact on society was small. While the JiaJing drought happened at a time with low social robustness and resilience, so although the meteorological anomaly was relatively weak, it resulted in a more severe social consequence than the other two events.
RESUMEN
For patients with cervical cancer, despite the incidence and mortality rates have been declining in recent years, due to its huge population base, cervical cancer has always been a serious public health problem. Our research placed emphasis on the indices greatly associated with overall area-specific social economic status, making up for the defects of traditional research which only pay attention to the situation of some specific disease or patients' individual social status. A total of 39160 women identified cervical cancer were concluded in our study from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 Program data between 1980 and 2014. With improving the area-specific social economic factors in recent years, the occurrence and prognosis of cervical cancer showed different variation patterns respectively. Some states like California and Georgia for their better economic status and more healthcare investment by local medical institution, population there showed a lower prevalence, incidence, more timely diagnosis, effective treatment, and better prognosis. According to our study, we aimed to give a scientific interpretation on how the area-specific social economic factors affect the disease situation at the macro level and help local medical institution make advisable decisions for controlling cervical cancer.