RESUMEN
Many concepts for future generations of wireless communication systems use coherent processing of signals from many distributed antennas. The aim is to improve communication reliability, capacity, and energy efficiency and provide possibilities for new applications through integrated communication and sensing. The large bandwidths available in the higher bands have inspired much work regarding sensing in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) and sub-THz bands; however, the sub-6 GHz cellular bands will still be the main provider of wide cellular coverage due to the more favorable propagation conditions. In this paper, we present a measurement system and results of sub-6 GHz distributed multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) measurements performed in an industrial environment. From the measurements, we evaluated the diversity for both large-scale and small-scale fading and characterized the link reliability. We also analyzed the possibility of multistatic sensing and positioning of users in the environment, with the initial results showing a mean-square error below 20 cm on the estimated position. Further, the results clearly showed that new channel models are needed that are spatially consistent and deal with the nonstationary channel properties among the antennas.
RESUMEN
The non line-of-sight (NLOS) scenario in urban intersections is critical in terms of traffic safety-a scenario where Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication really can make a difference by enabling communication and detection of vehicles around building corners. A few NLOS V2V channel models exist in the literature but they all have some form of limitation, and therefore further research is need. In this paper, we present an alternative NLOS path loss model based on analysis from measured V2V communication channels at 5.9 GHz between six vehicles in two urban intersections. We analyze the auto-correlation of the large scale fading process and the influence of the path loss model on this. In cases where a proper model for the path loss and the antenna pattern is included, the de-correlation distance for the auto-correlation is as low as 2â»4 m, and the cross-correlation for the large scale fading between different links can be neglected. Otherwise, the de-correlation distance has to be much longer and the cross-correlation between the different communication links needs to be considered separately, causing the computational complexity to be unnecessarily large. With these findings, we stress that vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) simulations should be based on the current geometry, i.e., a proper path loss model should be applied depending on whether the V2V communication is blocked or not by other vehicles or buildings.
RESUMEN
In some biomedical applications such as wireless capsule endoscopy, the localization of an in-body radio-frequency (RF) source is important for the positioning of any abnormality inside the gastrointestinal tract. With knowledge of the location, therapeutic operations can be performed precisely at the position of the abnormality. Electrical properties (relative permittivity and conductivity) of the tissues and their distribution are utilized to estimate the position. This paper presents a method for the localization of an in-body RF source based on microwave imaging. The electrical properties of the tissues and their distribution at 403.5 MHz are found from microwave imaging and the position of an RF source is then estimated based on the image. The method is applied on synthetic noisy data, obtained after the addition of white Gaussian noise to simulated data of a simple circular phantom, and a realistic phantom in a 2-D case. The root-mean-square of the error distance between the actual and the estimated position is found to be within 10 and 4 mm for the circular and the realistic phantom, respectively, showing the capability of the proposed algorithm to work with a good accuracy even in the presence of noise for the localization of the in-body RF source.