RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of bone-anchored maxillary protraction (BAMP) on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) in subjects with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and moderate-to-severe maxillary deficiency. METHODS: A longitudinal observational study was conducted with a sample of 20 patients (13 males, 7 females) aged 10-14 years (mean age, 11.8 years) with Goslon 3, 4, and 5. To assess the patient's perception of their OHRQOL, the Quality of Life Questionnaire for Orthosurgical Patients was administered in 2 stages: after the installation of the protraction plates (T1) and 18 months after the protraction therapy started (T2). The questionnaire was composed of 4 domains, distributed over 22 questions: social aspects, facial esthetics, oral function, and awareness of facial deformity. RESULTS: The treatment protocol improved the OHRQOL in 75% of the patients who presented UCLP. The domain social aspects of the deformity were the only one that showed a significant difference from T1 to T2 and indicated an improvement in self-esteem. The girls had worse OHRQOL than boys at T1, which was statistically significant only for the domains of social aspects of deformity and awareness of deformity. After BAMP therapy, the effect size indicated a larger change in OHRQOL in girls than in boys. CONCLUSIONS: BAMP therapy positively impacted the OHRQOL and self-esteem of patients with UCLP during adolescence.
Asunto(s)
Labio Leporino , Fisura del Paladar , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Humanos , Niño , Labio Leporino/cirugía , Fisura del Paladar/cirugía , Calidad de Vida , MaxilarRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of orthodontic treatment on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients with cleft lip and palate. SEARCH METHODS: Electronic searches were conducted in Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, VHL, and OpenGrey databases, completed in January 2021. SELECTION CRITERIA: Cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies that presented an assessment of OHRQoL in cleft patients undergoing orthodontic treatment were included, according to PRISMA guidelines. Contacts via email were made with authors, to clarify inaccuracies or request additional data. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The entire process was accomplished by two authors, in case of disagreement, a third author mediated the discussion until there was a consensus. Risk assessment was performed by the Fowkes and Fulton qualifier, and the quality of evidence, assessed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. A meta-analysis was performed considering the domains combined into three large groups (physical, psychological, and social). The questionnaires were standardized as to the scores and their direction. RESULTS: A total of 3822 studies were retrieved. After excluding duplicates, the titles and abstracts of the remaining articles were analysed. Twenty-eight articles were read in full; 13 met the eligibility criteria; 12 articles showed sufficient methodological quality and 7 were included in the quantitative assessment. The included studies were published between 2011 and 2019. The samples comprised 19 to 183 patients of both sexes. GRADE showed low evidence when compared to the control group, sexes, age, and types of cleft and very low evidence among longitudinal articles. CONCLUSIONS: The OHRQoL is lower in orthodontic patients with cleft than in those without. The OHRQoL of patients with cleft undergoing orthodontic treatment is not influenced by gender or age group, considering children and adolescents, but it is influenced by the type of cleft. The OHRQoL of patients with CLP does not undergo significant changes during orthodontic treatment. LIMITATIONS: The variety of instruments for measuring OHRQoL rendered meta-analysis difficult. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO database number CRD42017054764.
Asunto(s)
Labio Leporino , Fisura del Paladar , Adolescente , Niño , Labio Leporino/psicología , Fisura del Paladar/psicología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Salud Bucal , Calidad de VidaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to verify the accuracy of preformed wire shape templates on plaster models and those of customized digital arch form diagrams on digital models. METHODS: Twenty pairs of dental plaster models were randomly selected from the archives of the Department of Orthodontics of Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. All plaster model samples were scanned in a plaster model scanner to create the respective digital models. Three examiners defined the arch form on the mandibular arch of these models by selecting the ideal preformed wire shape template on each plaster model or by making a customized digital arch form on the digital models using a digital arch form customization tool. These 2 arch forms were superimposed by the best-fit method. The greatest differences in the 6 regions on the superimposed arches were evaluated. Each examiner presented a descriptive analysis with the means, standard deviation, and minimum and maximum intervals of the differences on the superimpositions. Intraclass correlation coefficient and paired t tests were used to evaluate the accuracy of the superimpositions. RESULTS: Among the 6 regions analyzed in the superimpositions, the largest differences in the anterior and premolar regions were considered clinically insignificant, whereas the largest differences in the right molar region, especially the second molar area, were considered clinically significant by all 3 examiners. The intraclass correlation coefficients showed a weak correlation in the premolar region and moderate correlations in the anterior and molar regions. The paired t test showed statistically significant differences in the left anterior and premolar regions. CONCLUSIONS: The superimpositions between the arch forms on plaster and digital models were considered accurate, and the differences were not clinically significant, with the exception of the second molar area. Despite the favorable results, the requirement of correcting some software problems may hamper the transition from plaster to digital models.
Asunto(s)
Simulación por Computador , Arco Dental/anatomía & histología , Modelos Dentales , Brasil , Humanos , Imagenología Tridimensional , Programas InformáticosRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Our goal was to verify the association between candidate polymorphisms and skeletal Class III malocclusion in a well-characterized homogeneous sample set. METHODS: Thirty-five single-nucleotide polymorphisms were studied from 10 candidate loci in 54 Class III subjects and 120 controls. Skeletal Class III characteristics included ANB angle less than 0°, SNB angle greater than 83° (mandibular prognathism), SNA angle less than 79° (maxillary deficiency), Class III molar relationship, and negative overjet. Inclusion criteria for the controls were ANB angle between 0° and 4°, Class I molar relationship, and normal overjet. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests and principal component (PC) analysis were used to determine overrepresentation of marker alleles with alpha of 0.05. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS: MYO1H (rs10850110 AAsunto(s)
Maloclusión de Angle Clase III/genética
, Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple/genética
, Proteínas Portadoras/genética
, Proteínas Portadoras/fisiología
, Estudios de Casos y Controles
, Femenino
, Factor 10 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/genética
, Factor 10 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/fisiología
, Estudios de Asociación Genética
, Humanos
, Masculino
, Miosina Tipo I/genética
, Miosina Tipo I/fisiología
, Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple/fisiología
, Adulto Joven
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the equivalent and effective doses of different digital radiographic methods (panoramic, lateral cephalometric and periapical) with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS: Precalibrated thermoluminescent dosimeters were placed at 24 locations in an anthropomorphic phantom (Alderson Rando Phantom, Alderson Research Laboratories, New York, NY, USA), representing a medium sized adult. The following devices were tested: Heliodent Plus (Sirona Dental Systems, Bernsheim, Germany), Orthophos XG 5 (Sirona Dental Systems, Bernsheim, Germany) and i-CAT (Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, PA, USA). The equivalent doses and effective doses were calculated considering the recommendations of the International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP) issued in 1990 and 2007. RESULTS: Although the effective dose of the radiographic set corresponded to 17.5% (ICRP 1990) and 47.2% (ICRP 2007) of the CBCT dose, the equivalent doses of skin, bone surface and muscle obtained by the radiographic set were higher when compared to CBCT. However, in some areas, the radiation produced by the orthodontic set was higher due to the complete periapical examination. CONCLUSION: Considering the optimization principle of radiation protection, i-CAT tomography should be used only in specific and justified circumstances. Additionally, following the ALARA principle, single periapical radiographies covering restricted areas are more suitable than the complete periapical examination.
Asunto(s)
Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico , Dosis de Radiación , Radiografía Dental Digital , Radiografía Panorámica , Calibración , Cefalometría , Humanos , Radiometría/instrumentaciónRESUMEN
Objective: This study aimed to compare through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) the morphology of the cervical vertebrae atlas (C1) and axis (C2) in mouth breathers (MB) and nose breathers (NB), correlating them with the head and neck postures of the two groups. Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 36 subjects aged 11 to 22 years were evaluated using the InVivo Dental 5.1 (Anatomage, San Jose, California) software. The following measurements were used to assess C1 and C2 morphology: posterior height, anterior height, length, and volume. The craniocervical angle (NSL/OPT) was used to evaluate head posture concerning the neck. Results: The posterior height, length, and volume of C1 and C2 were lower in the MB group, but only the posterior size was significantly shorter than the NB group (C1, p=0.01 / C2, =0.05). Mouth breathers also showed a considerably higher craniocervical angle (p=0.04). Spearman test showed a significant positive correlation between C1 and C2 length and craniocervical angle (C1, =0.629, p=0.005 / C2, =0.665, p=0.003). Conclusion: The mouth breathers showed an increased craniocervical angle and decreased posterior height of the C1 vertebra concerning nasal breathers. The hyperextension of the head present is positively correlated with the length of the vertebra.
Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar por meio da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) a morfologia do atlas das vértebras cervicais (C1) e do eixo (C2) em respiradores orais (MB) e nasais (RN), correlacionando-os com a cabeça e posturas do pescoço dos dois grupos. Materiais e Métodos: Imagens de CBCT de 36 indivíduos com idades entre 11 e 22 anos foram avaliadas usando o software InVivo Dental 5.1 (Anatomage, San Jose, Califórnia). As seguintes medidas foram usadas para avaliar a morfologia de C1 e C2: altura posterior, altura anterior, comprimento e volume. O ângulo craniocervical (NSL/OPT) foi utilizado para avaliar a postura da cabeça em relação ao pescoço. Resultados: A altura posterior, comprimento e volume de C1 e C2 foram menores no grupo MB, mas apenas o tamanho posterior foi significativamente menor que o grupo RN (C1, p=0,01 / C2, =0,05). Os respiradores orais também apresentaram um ângulo craniocervical consideravelmente maior (p=0,04). O teste de Spearman mostrou correlação positiva significativa entre comprimento de C1 e C2 e ângulo craniocervical (C1, =0,629, p=0,005 / C2, =0,665, p=0,003). Conclusão: Os respiradores orais apresentaram aumento do ângulo craniocervical e diminuição da altura posterior da vértebra C1 em relação aos respiradores nasais. A hiperextensão da cabeça presente está positivamente correlacionada com o comprimento da vértebra.
Asunto(s)
Odontología , Atlas Cervical , Vértebra Cervical Axis , Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico , Respiración por la BocaRESUMEN
Objective: To compare the facial soft tissues of nasal breathers (NB) and mouthbreathers (MB) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Methods: This was a comparative study of four angular and eight linearcephalometric variables obtained from the facial soft tissues of 43 young menand women aged between 11 and 24 years. Subjects had tomographic examinationprior to the orthodontic treatment and were previously divided into two groupsby an otolaryngologist according to the respiratory pattern of nasal or mouthbreathing. The selection was made in accordance with the results of: clinicalexamination, rhinoscopy, and nasal endoscopy. The data obtained from thesoftware InVivo Dental 5.3 (Anatomage - San Jose, California) was evaluated bycomparing values measured between MB and NB groups. Results: There weresignificant differences between groups for variables, "nasolabial angle", inclinationof upper central incisor" and "convexity of the facial soft tissues". Conclusion:Adolescent and young adult mouth breathers present an open nasolabial angledue to the retroinclination of their upper incisors. In addition to greater convexityof the facial soft tissues.
Objetivo: Comparar os tecidos moles faciais de respiradores nasais (RN) e bucais(RB), utilizando imagens de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC).Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo comparativo composto por quatro variáveiscefalométricas angulares e oito lineares, obtidas de tecidos moles faciais deindivíduos RN e RB, em uma amostra composta por 43 indivíduos jovens deambos os sexos, com idades entre 11 e 24 anos, submetidos ao exame tomográficoanteriormente ao tratamento ortodôntico. Os indivíduos foram previamentedivididos em dois grupos por um otorrinolaringologista, de acordo com o padrãorespiratório. O diagnóstico da respiração bucal foi feito em conformidade comos resultados de exames específicos: exame clínico, rinoscopia e endoscopia nasal.Os dados obtidos a partir do software InVivo 5.3 Dental (Anatomage - San Jose,Califórnia) foram avaliados através da comparação dos valores das mediçõesdas variáveis dos grupos RN e RB, além da comparação das diferenças entreesses valores. Resultados: Houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entreos grupos com relação às variáveis, "ângulo nasolabial", "inclinação do incisivocentral superior" e "convexidade dos tegumentos faciais". Conclusão: Osrespiradores bucais adolescentes e adultos jovens apresentam ângulo nasolabialmais aberto, devido à maior inclinação lingual do longo eixo dos incisivossuperiores, além de maior convexidade dos tecidos moles faciais.
Asunto(s)
Ortodoncia , Obstrucción Nasal , Cefalometría , Adolescente , Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico , Adulto Joven , Respiración por la BocaRESUMEN
Purpose: This cross-sectional study evaluates the impact of self-perceived malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and also whether aesthetic self-assessment is similar to professional evaluation. Methods : this cross- sectional study gathered 63 adults aged 1836 years (28.68 ± 4.99), 42 women and 21 men, with no history of orthodontic treatment. OHRQoL was evaluated using the Brazilian short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP- 14). Perception of malocclusion was evaluated using the aesthetic component of the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON), socioeconomic status and the Economic Classification Criteria of Brazil. Statistical analysis was conducted using the MannWhitney test, Spearman correlations and Wilcoxon test, with p < 0.05. Results : the overall average score and standard deviation for OHIP-14 was 5.17 (± 6.50). There was a weak correlation between the aesthetic component perceived by the participants and their evaluation of quality of life. Only the psychological domains (psychological discomfort and psychological disability) showed significant poor correlations. Gender and socioeconomic status did not affect aesthetic perception of malocclusion and OHRQoL. There was a significant difference between the professional assessments and those of participants. Conclusion : significant weak correlations between self- erceived malocclusion and OHRQoL were found in participants who were not seeking orthodontic treatment; the greatest impacts were seen in the domains of psychological discomfort and psychological disability, and aesthetic self-perceived malocclusion was significantly less relevant than the professional evaluation in this studied group.
Objetivo: Este estudo transversal teve como objetivo avaliar o impacto da má oclusão autopercebida na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal (OHRQoL) e também avaliar se a autoavaliação estética é semelhante à avaliação profissional. Métodos : Foram avaliados 63 adultos com idades entre 18 e 36 anos (28,68 ± 4,99), 42 mulheres e 21 homens, sem histórico de tratamento ortodôntico. A OHRQoL foi avaliada utilizando a versão brasileira do questionário Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). A percepção da má oclusão foi avaliada utilizando-se o componente estético do Índice de Complexidade, Resultado e Necessidade (ICON) e o nível socioeconômico foi avaliado com os Critérios de Classificação Econômica do Brasil. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo teste de Mann-Whitney, correlações de Spearman e teste de Wilcoxon, com p<0,05. Resultados : A pontuação média geral e desvio padrão para o OHIP-14 foi de 5,17 (±6,50). Houve fraca correlação entre o componente estético percebido pelos participantes e a avaliação de sua OHRQoL. Apenas os domínios psicológicos (desconforto psicológico e incapacidade psicológica) apresentaram correlações significativas, porém pobres. O sexo e o nível socioeconômico não afetaram a percepção estética da má oclusão e a OHRQoL. Houve diferença significativa entre as avaliações profissionais e dos participantes. Conclusão : Correlações fracas e significativas entre a má-oclusão autopercebida e a OHRQoL foram encontradas em participantes que não procuravam tratamento ortodôntico, onde os maiores impactos foram observados nos domínios desconforto psicológico e incapacidade psicológica. A má-oclusão estética percebida pelos participantes foi significativamente menos relevante do que a avaliação profissional neste grupo estudado.
Asunto(s)
Ortodoncia , Calidad de Vida , Autoevaluación (Psicología) , Salud Bucal , Estética Dental , MaloclusiónRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the equivalent and effective doses of different digital radiographic methods (panoramic, lateral cephalometric and periapical) with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Precalibrated thermoluminescent dosimeters were placed at 24 locations in an anthropomorphic phantom (Alderson Rando Phantom, Alderson Research Laboratories, New York, NY, USA), representing a medium sized adult. The following devices were tested: Heliodent Plus (Sirona Dental Systems, Bernsheim, Germany), Orthophos XG 5 (Sirona Dental Systems, Bernsheim, Germany) and i-CAT (Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, PA, USA). The equivalent doses and effective doses were calculated considering the recommendations of the International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP) issued in 1990 and 2007. Results: Although the effective dose of the radiographic set corresponded to 17.5% (ICRP 1990) and 47.2% (ICRP 2007) of the CBCT dose, the equivalent doses of skin, bone surface and muscle obtained by the radiographic set were higher when compared to CBCT. However, in some areas, the radiation produced by the orthodontic set was higher due to the complete periapical examination. Conclusion: Considering the optimization principle of radiation protection, i-CAT tomography should be used only in specific and justified circumstances. Additionally, following the ALARA principle, single periapical radiographies covering restricted areas are more suitable than the complete periapical examination.
RESUMO Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar as doses equivalentes e efetivas absorvidas pelo mesmo receptor, quando exposto a diferentes exames radiográficos digitais (panorâmica, telerradiografia lateral e periapicais) e à tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC). Métodos: dosímetros termoluminescentes pré-calibrados foram colocados em 24 locais em um phantom antropomórfico (Alderson Rando Phantom, Laboratórios de Pesquisas de Alderson, New York, NY, EUA), o que representa um adulto de tamanho médio. Os seguintes equipamentos foram avaliados: Heliodent Plus (Sirona Dental Systems, Bernsheim, Alemanha), Orthophos XG 5 (Sirona Dental Systems, Bernsheim, Alemanha) e i-CAT (Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, PA, EUA). As doses equivalentes e as doses efetivas foram calculadas tendo-se em conta as recomendações da Comissão Internacional de Proteção Radiológica (International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP), publicadas em 1990 e 2007. Resultados: embora a dose eficaz do set radiográfico tenha correspondido a 17,5% (ICRP 1990) e 47,2% (ICRP 2007) da dose da TCFC, as doses equivalentes na pele e superfícies ósseas e musculares desse set foram maiores, quando comparadas às da TCFC. Em algumas áreas, a radiação produzida pelo set de radiografias foi maior, devido à radiação do exame periapical completo. Conclusão: considerando-se o princípio da otimização da proteção radiológica, a tomografia computadorizada adquirida no tomógrafo i-CAT deve ser usada apenas em circunstâncias específicas e justificadas. Além disso, seguindo o princípio ALARA, radiografias periapicais unitárias de áreas pré-selecionadas são mais apropriadas do que o exame periapical completo.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Dosis de Radiación , Radiografía Panorámica , Radiografía Dental Digital , Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico , Radiometría/instrumentación , Calibración , CefalometríaRESUMEN
AIM: In order to determine the reliability between two of these methodologically different method, this study evaluated the systematic and random errors of the method proposed by Tanaka and Johnston, which is based on the sum of mandibular permanent incisors, and the Huckaba method, which uses radiographs. METHODS: In a random sample of 28 plaster models of mandibular dental arches belonging to individuals of both genders, aged six to eleven years old, a single investigator performed the measurement of required space, according to the two methods evaluated. After 15 days, the measurements were repeated, and each of them was performed twice in sequence to calculate the repeatability and reproducibility conditions, and the systematic and random errors for each method. RESULTS: The random error of the method proposed by Huckaba was larger in terms of reproducibility (1.53 mm) and repeatability (0.57 mm) compared with the analysis proposed by Tanaka and Johnston (0.20 mm and 0.12 mm, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The method proposed by Huckaba was proved to be inadequate in relation to reproducibility, with respect to the random error, and should be used with caution to measure the required space in the mandibular arch...
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Arco Dental , Dentición Mixta , OrtodonciaRESUMEN
The purpose of this research was to study the growth of the nasopharynx and adenoid development. Lateral cephalometric radiographs obtained from 320 white Brazilian subjects between 4 and 16 years of age were used. All the participants were nose breathers and none of them had previously undergone adenoidectomy. Tracings were made from the radiographs and cephalometric measurements were performed. The results showed that adenoid sagital thickness is larger in the age group 4 - 5 years and decreases progressively. There is a slight increase in the age group 10 - 11 years, but afterwards the decrease continues. However, the nasopharyngeal free airway space does not decrease in the age group 10 - 11 years, despite the increasing thickness of the adenoid. This is attributable to the downward displacement of the hard palate, resulting in an increase of the free airway space due to growth. Although the nasopharynx follows a growth pattern similar to that of the rest of the body, adenoid tissue does not. Adenoidal development seems to differ from that of other lymphatic tissues, showing a peculiar pattern that can be revealed when hypertrophy due to infections and allergies is eliminated.
Asunto(s)
Tonsila Faríngea/crecimiento & desarrollo , Nasofaringe/crecimiento & desarrollo , Respiración , Adolescente , Factores de Edad , Obstrucción de las Vías Aéreas/etiología , Brasil , Cefalometría , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertrofia/complicaciones , Masculino , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Introdução: o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a acurácia e a confiabilidade de medições feitas em modelos digitais obtidos com um scanner a laser de superfície (R700; 3Shape, Copenhagen, Dinamarca). Material e métodos: foram selecionados 30 modelos ortodônticos de gesso de dentições permanentes. As medições foram realizadas por três examinadores com um paquímetro digital, diretamente sobre os modelos de gesso, e digitalmente, através do programa Ortho Analyser (3Shape, Copenhagen, Dinamarca), nos modelos digitais. Foram determinadas 62 medidas, incluindo diâmetro e altura dentária, overjet, overbite, distâncias intercanino e intermolar, e relação sagital bilateral. Utilizou-se o teste t pareado para avaliar o erro intraexaminador e a acurácia das medições nos modelos digitais. Avaliou-se a reprodutibilidade entre os examinadores por meio do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse e a confiabilidade pelo teste de Bland e Altman. Resultados: apesar de existirem diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre as medições realizadas entre os modelos de gesso e os digitais, as discrepâncias foram consideradas clinicamente não significantes. Tanto os modelos de gesso quanto os modelos digitais apresentaram altos valores no coeficiente de correlação intraclasse entre os examinadores. Conclusão: os modelos digitais por escaneamento do modelo de gesso, utilizando o scanner R700 e o programa Ortho Analyser, podem ser utilizados com acurácia clinicamente aceitável e uma excelente confiabilidade e reprodutibilidade. Os modelos digitais podem substituir os modelos de gesso com segurança.
Introduction: the aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of measurements made on digital models obtained with a laser scanner surface (R700; 3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark). Material and methods: thirty orthodontic plaster models of permanent dentition were selected. The measurements were performed by three examiners with a digital caliper directly on the plaster casts and digitally, through Ortho Analyser software (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark), in digital models. It was determined sixty two measures, including diameter and tooth height, overjet, overbite, intercanino and intermolar distances and bilateral sagittal relationship. It was used paired t test to assess intra-examiner error and the accuracy of measurements in digital models. It was evaluated the reproducibility between examiners using the intraclass correlation coefficient and reliability by Bland and Altman test. Results: although there were significant differences between the plaster casts and the digital models measurements, the discrepancies were considered clinically insignificant. Plaster casts and digital models showed high values of intraclass correlation coefficient among examiners. Conclusion: digital models by scanning plaster cast using the R700 scanner and Ortho Analyser software can be used with clinically acceptable accuracy and excellent reliability and reproducibility. Digital models can replace the plaster models safely.
Asunto(s)
Arco Dental , Modelos Dentales , Diagnóstico por Imagen , Precisión de la Medición Dimensional , OdontometríaRESUMEN
O objetivo da pesquisa foi estudar o crescimento da nasofaringe e o desenvolvimento da adenóide. Foram utilizadas as radiografias cefalométricas de perfil obtidas de 320 indivíduos brasileiros brancos, cujas idades variavam entre 4 e 16 anos. Todos os participantes apresentavam respiração predominantemente nasal e não haviam sido submetidos previamente à adenoidectomia. A partir das radiografias foram feitos traçados cefalométricos, sobre os quais foram realizadas medições. Os resultados revelaram que a espessura sagital da adenóide é maior na faixa etária de 4 a 5 anos, regredindo, então, progressivamente, até a faixa etária de 10 a 11 anos, quando ocorre um leve aumento, voltando a diminuir em seguida. O espaço aéreo livre nasofaríngeo, entretanto, não diminui na faixa etária de 10 a 11 anos, mesmo diante do aumento da espessura da adenóide. Esse fato se deve ao deslocamento do palato duro para baixo, o que determina a ampliação do espaço aéreo livre em razão do crescimento. Apesar de a nasofaringe seguir um padrão de crescimento similar ao do resto do corpo, a adenóide não o segue. O desenvolvimento da adenóide parece ser diferente do dos demais tecidos de origem linfóide, apresentando um padrão peculiar que pode ser percebido quando se elimina a hipertrofia causada por infecções e alergias.
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Tonsila Faríngea/crecimiento & desarrollo , Nasofaringe/crecimiento & desarrollo , Respiración , Factores de Edad , Obstrucción de las Vías Aéreas/etiología , Brasil , Cefalometría , Hipertrofia/complicaciones , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
A abordagem didática com visualização gráfica pode facilitar o uso de uma análise ortodôntica. Objetivou-se demonstrar o Sistema de Análise para Diagnóstico Diferencial com o Índice de Dificuldade - Análise de Tweed-Merrifield em novo formato visual. Realizou-se revisão da literatura, estudo, descrição e aplicação da análise, após desenvolvimento de nova tabela e gráfico, com aprovação da comunidade científica. Obteve-se texto sobre a análise com ilustração das variáveis, nova tabela e gráfico cartesiano exemplificados com um caso clínico. O conteúdo reformulado da Análise de Tweed-Merrifield facilitará o uso, contribuindo para o auxílio diagnóstico, planejamento e orientação da conduta terapêutica, podendo beneficiar ortodontistas e pacientes.