CaPO4 blasted implants inserted into iliac crest homologue frozen grafts.

In the last decade, some investigations have reported that the resorbable blast media surface (also named CaPO4 blasted implants [CaPO4-Bls]) has achieved excellent results. However, no report regarding CaPO4-Bls inserted into fresh frozen bone (FFB) is available. Thus, we planned a retrospective study on a series of CaPO4-Bls inserted into FFB to evaluate their clinical outcome. In the period between December 2003 and December 2006, 16 patients (10 females and 6 males, median age of 55 years) were operated on, and 76 CaPO4-Bls were inserted. The mean implant follow-up was 23 months. Implant diameter and length ranged from 3.25 to 4.5 mm and from 11.5 to 15 mm, respectively. Implants were inserted to replace 7 incisors, 11 cuspids, 31 premolars, and 27 molars. Only 1 out of 76 implants was lost (i.e., survival rate [SVR] = 98.7%), and no differences were detected among the studied variables. When peri-implant crestal bone resorption was used as an indicator of clinical success (i.e., success rate), it was possible to identify some variables that correlated with a better clinical outcome. Specifically, Cox regression showed that removable prosthetic restoration and longer implant length correlated with a statistically significant lower delta implant abutment junction (IAJ; i.e., reduced crestal bone loss) and thus a better clinical outcome. In this study, CaPO4-Bls had high survival and success rates, similar to those reported in previous reports of 2-stage procedures in nongrafted bone. CaPO4-Bls inserted into FFB are reliable devices, although greater marginal bone loss occurs when fixed prosthetic restorations and short implants are used.

Effects of a temporary HDPE cover on landfill gas emissions: multiyear evaluation with the static chamber approach at an Italian landfill.

According to the European Landfill Directive 1999/31/EC and the related Italian Legislation ("D. Lgs. No. 36/2003"), monitoring and control procedures of landfill gas emissions, migration and external dispersions are clearly requested. These procedures could be particularly interesting in the operational circumstance of implementing a temporary cover, as for instance permitted by the Italian legislation over worked-out landfill sections, awaiting the evaluation of expected waste settlements. A possible quantitative approach for field measurement and consequential evaluation of landfill CO(2), CH(4) emission rates in pairs consists of the static, non-stationary accumulation chamber technique. At the Italian level, a significant and recent situation of periodical landfill gas emission monitoring is represented by the sanitary landfill for non-hazardous waste of the "Fano" town district, where monitoring campaigns with the static chamber have been annually conducted during the last 5 years (2005-2009). For the entire multiyear monitoring period, the resulting CO(2), CH(4) emission rates varied on the whole up to about 13,100g CO(2) m(-2)d(-1) and 3800 g CH(4) m(-2)d(-1), respectively. The elaboration of these landfill gas emission data collected at the "Fano" case-study site during the monitoring campaigns, presented and discussed in the paper, gives rise to a certain scientific evidence of the possible negative effects derivable from the implementation of a temporary HDPE cover over a worked-out landfill section, notably: the lateral migration and concentration of landfill gas emissions through adjacent, active landfill sections when hydraulically connected; and consequently, the increase of landfill gas flux velocities throughout the reduced overall soil cover surface, giving rise to a flowing through of CH(4) emissions without a significant oxidation. Thus, these circumstances are expected to cause a certain increase of the overall GHG emissions from the given landfill site.

Osseotite implants inserted into fresh frozen bone grafts.

BACKGROUND: In the last decade, several investigators have reported that double etched implants have achieved excellent results. However, no report regarding double etched implants inserted into fresh frozen bone is available. AIMS: We planned to perform a retrospective study on double etched implants inserted into fresh frozen bone grafts. SETTING AND DESIGN: 28 patients (17 females and 11 males with a median age of 52 years) were operated on and 114 double etched implants inserted. Implant diameter and length ranged from 3.25 to 5.0 mm and from 10.0 to 15 mm, respectively. Implants were inserted to replace 14 incisors, 5 cuspids, 47 premolars and 48 molars. RESULTS: Since only 4 out of 114 implants were lost (i.e. Survival Rate SVR = 96.5%) and no statistical differences were detected among the studied variables. The type of prosthetic restoration (i.e. fixed prostheses) correlated with a statistically significant lower delta Implant Abutment Junction (i.e. reduced crestal bone loss) and thus a better clinical outcome. CONCLUSION: Double etched implants inserted into fresh frozen bone had a high survival and success rate similar to those reported in previous studies of two-stage procedures in non-grafted bone, although a higher marginal bone loss has to be expected when removable prosthetic restorations are used.