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1.
Cell ; 186(6): 1195-1211.e19, 2023 03 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36796363

RESUMEN

Social interactions require awareness and understanding of the behavior of others. Mirror neurons, cells representing an action by self and others, have been proposed to be integral to the cognitive substrates that enable such awareness and understanding. Mirror neurons of the primate neocortex represent skilled motor tasks, but it is unclear if they are critical for the actions they embody, enable social behaviors, or exist in non-cortical regions. We demonstrate that the activity of individual VMHvlPR neurons in the mouse hypothalamus represents aggression performed by self and others. We used a genetically encoded mirror-TRAP strategy to functionally interrogate these aggression-mirroring neurons. We find that their activity is essential for fighting and that forced activation of these cells triggers aggressive displays by mice, even toward their mirror image. Together, we have discovered a mirroring center in an evolutionarily ancient region that provides a subcortical cognitive substrate essential for a social behavior.


Asunto(s)
Agresión , Hipotálamo , Neuronas Espejo , Animales , Ratones , Agresión/fisiología , Hipotálamo/citología , Conducta Social
2.
Cell ; 186(18): 3862-3881.e28, 2023 08 31.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37572660

RESUMEN

Male sexual behavior is innate and rewarding. Despite its centrality to reproduction, a molecularly specified neural circuit governing innate male sexual behavior and reward remains to be characterized. We have discovered a developmentally wired neural circuit necessary and sufficient for male mating. This circuit connects chemosensory input to BNSTprTac1 neurons, which innervate POATacr1 neurons that project to centers regulating motor output and reward. Epistasis studies demonstrate that BNSTprTac1 neurons are upstream of POATacr1 neurons, and BNSTprTac1-released substance P following mate recognition potentiates activation of POATacr1 neurons through Tacr1 to initiate mating. Experimental activation of POATacr1 neurons triggers mating, even in sexually satiated males, and it is rewarding, eliciting dopamine release and self-stimulation of these cells. Together, we have uncovered a neural circuit that governs the key aspects of innate male sexual behavior: motor displays, drive, and reward.


Asunto(s)
Vías Nerviosas , Conducta Sexual Animal , Animales , Masculino , Neuronas/fisiología , Recompensa , Conducta Sexual Animal/fisiología , Ratones
4.
Cell ; 179(6): 1393-1408.e16, 2019 11 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31735496

RESUMEN

Behaviors are inextricably linked to internal state. We have identified a neural mechanism that links female sexual behavior with the estrus, the ovulatory phase of the estrous cycle. We find that progesterone-receptor (PR)-expressing neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) are active and required during this behavior. Activating these neurons, however, does not elicit sexual behavior in non-estrus females. We show that projections of PR+ VMH neurons to the anteroventral periventricular (AVPV) nucleus change across the 5-day mouse estrous cycle, with ∼3-fold more termini and functional connections during estrus. This cyclic increase in connectivity is found in adult females, but not males, and regulated by estrogen signaling in PR+ VMH neurons. We further show that these connections are essential for sexual behavior in receptive females. Thus, estrogen-regulated structural plasticity of behaviorally salient connections in the adult female brain links sexual behavior to the estrus phase of the estrous cycle.


Asunto(s)
Red Nerviosa/fisiología , Conducta Sexual Animal/fisiología , Animales , Estrógenos/metabolismo , Ciclo Estral/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Hormonas Esteroides Gonadales/farmacología , Hipotálamo Anterior/fisiología , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Red Nerviosa/efectos de los fármacos , Plasticidad Neuronal/efectos de los fármacos , Neuronas/efectos de los fármacos , Neuronas/metabolismo , Ovario/metabolismo , Terminales Presinápticos/efectos de los fármacos , Terminales Presinápticos/metabolismo , Receptores de Progesterona/metabolismo , Conducta Sexual Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Factores de Tiempo
7.
J Neurosci ; 39(3): 456-471, 2019 01 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30459220

RESUMEN

AGRP (agouti-related neuropeptide) expressing inhibitory neurons sense caloric needs of an animal to coordinate homeostatic feeding. Recent evidence suggests that AGRP neurons also suppress competing actions and motivations to mediate adaptive behavioral selection during starvation. Here, in adult mice of both sexes we show that AGRP neurons form inhibitory synapses onto ∼30% neurons in the medial preoptic area (mPOA), a region critical for maternal care. Remarkably, optogenetically stimulating AGRP neurons decreases maternal nest-building while minimally affecting pup retrieval, partly recapitulating suppression of maternal behaviors during food restriction. In parallel, optogenetically stimulating AGRP projections to the mPOA or to the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus but not to the LHA (lateral hypothalamus area) similarly decreases maternal nest-building. Chemogenetic inhibition of mPOA neurons that express Vgat (vesicular GABA transporter), the population targeted by AGRP terminals, also decreases maternal nest-building. In comparison, chemogenetic inhibition of neurons in the LHA that express vesicular glutamate transporter 2, another hypothalamic neuronal population critical for feeding and innate drives, is ineffective. Importantly, nest-building during low temperature thermal challenge is not affected by optogenetic stimulation of AGRP→mPOA projections. Finally, via optogenetic activation and inhibition we show that distinctive subsets of mPOA Vgat+ neurons likely underlie pup retrieval and maternal nest-building. Together, these results show that AGRP neurons can modulate maternal nest-building, in part through direct projections to the mPOA. This study corroborates other recent discoveries and underscores the broad functions that AGRP neurons play in antagonizing rivalry motivations to modulate behavioral outputs during hunger.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In order for animals to initiate ethologically appropriate behaviors, they must typically decide between behavioral repertoires driven by multiple and often conflicting internal states. How neural pathways underlying individual behaviors interact to coherently modulate behavioral outputs, in particular to achieve a proper balance between behaviors that serve immediate individual needs versus those that benefit the propagation of the species, remains poorly understood. Here, by investigating projections from a neuronal population known to drive hunger behaviors to a brain region critical for maternal care, we show that activation of AGRP→mPOA projections in females dramatically inhibits maternal nest-building while leaving mostly intact pup retrieval behavior. Our findings shed new light on neural organization of behaviors and neural mechanisms that coordinate behavioral selection.


Asunto(s)
Proteína Relacionada con Agouti/fisiología , Conducta Materna/fisiología , Red Nerviosa/fisiología , Comportamiento de Nidificación/fisiología , Neuronas/fisiología , Área Preóptica/fisiología , Proteína Relacionada con Agouti/genética , Animales , Frío , Femenino , Privación de Alimentos , Área Hipotalámica Lateral/fisiología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Transgénicos , Optogenética , Núcleo Hipotalámico Paraventricular/fisiología , Proteínas del Transporte Vesicular de Aminoácidos Inhibidores/metabolismo
8.
BMC Gastroenterol ; 20(1): 83, 2020 Apr 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32245413

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage is the most severe complication of portal hypertension, with a high mortality rate. The current recommendations for gastroesophageal varices include pharmacological treatment, endoscopic treatment, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement, and splenectomy with devascularization surgery. Multidisciplinary team (MDT) comprises of a group of medical experts and specialists across a range of disciplines, providing personalized and targeted patient care tailored to each individual's condition, circumstances, and expectations. METHODS: Patients referred to the MDT clinic since its establishment in September 2014 were prospectively enrolled and followed-up for at least 12 months. Patient baseline characteristics, treatment methods, outcome and survival were compared to non-MDT patients retrieved from a prospectively maintained database with propensity score matching. RESULTS: Propensity-score matching (PSM) was carried out to balance available covariates, resulting in 58 MDT patients vs. 111 non-MDT patients. Overall survival and variceal rebleed was compared between the two groups. The rate of variceal rebleed was significantly higher in the non-MDT group, while no difference in overall survival was observed. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to investigate the role of a multidisciplinary team in the management of gastroesophageal varices secondary to portal hypertension. Patients treated based on MDT clinic recommendations had a significantly lower risk for variceal rebleed.


Asunto(s)
Várices Esofágicas y Gástricas/terapia , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/prevención & control , Hipertensión Portal/terapia , Grupo de Atención al Paciente , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Angiografía por Tomografía Computarizada , Cianoacrilatos/uso terapéutico , Endoscopía del Sistema Digestivo/métodos , Várices Esofágicas y Gástricas/etiología , Femenino , Gastroenterología , Arteria Gastroepiploica/cirugía , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/etiología , Cirugía General , Humanos , Hipertensión Portal/complicaciones , Inyecciones Intralesiones , Ligadura/métodos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Patología , Derivación Portosistémica Intrahepática Transyugular , Puntaje de Propensión , Radiología , Radiología Intervencionista , Recurrencia , Soluciones Esclerosantes/uso terapéutico , Escleroterapia/métodos , Esplenectomía/métodos
9.
J Neurosci Res ; 95(1-2): 336-344, 2017 01 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27870405

RESUMEN

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulates diverse processes such as neuronal survival, differentiation, and plasticity. Accumulating evidence suggests that molecular events that direct sexual differentiation of the brain interact with BDNF signaling pathways. This Mini-Review first examines potential hormonal and epigenetic mechanisms through which sex influences BDNF signaling. We then examine how sex-specific regulation of BDNF signaling supports the development and function of sexually dimorphic neural circuits that underlie male-specific genital reflexes in rats and song production in birds. Finally, we discuss the implications of sex differences in BDNF signaling for gender-biased presentation of neurological and psychiatric diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Although this Mini-Review focuses on BDNF, we try to convey the general message that sex influences brain functions in complex ways and underscore the requirement for and challenge of expanding research on sex differences in neuroscience. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Asunto(s)
Factor Neurotrófico Derivado del Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Caracteres Sexuales , Transducción de Señal/fisiología , Animales , Epigénesis Genética , Humanos , Trastornos Mentales/metabolismo , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/metabolismo , Plasticidad Neuronal/fisiología , Receptor trkB/metabolismo
10.
Neuron ; 111(6): 787-796.e4, 2023 03 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36708707

RESUMEN

Prairie voles are among a small group of mammals that display long-term social attachment between mating partners. Many pharmacological studies show that signaling via the oxytocin receptor (Oxtr) is critical for the display of social monogamy in these animals. We used CRISPR mutagenesis to generate three different Oxtr-null mutant prairie vole lines. Oxtr mutants displayed social attachment such that males and females showed a behavioral preference for their mating partners over a stranger of the opposite sex, even when assayed using different experimental setups. Mothers lacking Oxtr delivered viable pups, and parents displayed care for their young and raised them to the weanling stage. Together, our studies unexpectedly reveal that social attachment, parturition, and parental behavior can occur in the absence of Oxtr signaling in prairie voles.


Asunto(s)
Pradera , Receptores de Oxitocina , Animales , Masculino , Femenino , Receptores de Oxitocina/genética , Oxitocina , Mamíferos , Arvicolinae , Conducta Social
11.
Ann Transl Med ; 9(9): 793, 2021 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34268406

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Vasoactive drugs can reduce portal venous pressure and control variceal bleeding. However, few studies have explored the hemodynamic effects of terlipressin and high-dose octreotide in such patients. Our purpose was to evaluate the hemodynamic changes and safety of using terlipressin and high-dose octreotide in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. METHODS: A multi-center randomized controlled trial was conducted. Cirrhotic patients with a history of variceal bleeding were included. Terlipressin or high-dose octreotide was administered during the procedure of measuring hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG). Hemodynamic parameters and symptoms were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 88 patients were included. HVPG was significantly reduced at 10, 20, and 30 min after drug administration in the terlipressin group (16.3±6.4 vs. 14.7±5.9, 14.0±6.1, and 13.8±6.1, respectively, P<0.001) and the high-dose octreotide group (17.4±6.6 vs. 15.1±5.8, 15.3±6.2, and 16.1±6.0, respectively P<0.01). Decreased heart rate and increased mean arterial pressure were more often observed in the terlipressin group. The overall response rates were not significantly different between the groups (52.8% vs. 44.8%, P=0.524). The terlipressin group had significantly higher response rates at 30 min compared to the high-dose octreotide group in those with alcoholic liver cirrhosis [6/6 (100%) vs. 0/4 (0%), P=0.005]. The incidence of adverse drug events was rare and similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Both terlipressin and high-dose octreotide were effective and safe for reducing HVPG. The pharmacodynamic effect of terlipressin persisted longer. The terlipressin group had higher response rates in those with alcoholic cirrhosis (trial number: NCT02119884).

12.
Neuron ; 107(5): 909-923.e6, 2020 09 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32649865

RESUMEN

The parabrachial nucleus (PBN) is one of the major targets of spinal projection neurons and plays important roles in pain. However, the architecture of the spinoparabrachial pathway underlying its functional role in nociceptive information processing remains elusive. Here, we report that the PBN directly relays nociceptive signals from the spinal cord to the intralaminar thalamic nuclei (ILN). We demonstrate that the spinal cord connects with the PBN in a bilateral manner and that the ipsilateral spinoparabrachial pathway is critical for nocifensive behavior. We identify Tacr1-expressing neurons as the major neuronal subtype in the PBN that receives direct spinal input and show that these neurons are critical for processing nociceptive information. Furthermore, PBN neurons receiving spinal input form functional monosynaptic excitatory connections with neurons in the ILN, but not the amygdala. Together, our results delineate the neural circuit underlying nocifensive behavior, providing crucial insight into the circuit mechanism underlying nociceptive information processing.


Asunto(s)
Vías Aferentes , Lateralidad Funcional/fisiología , Núcleos Talámicos Intralaminares , Nocicepción/fisiología , Núcleos Parabraquiales , Vías Aferentes/citología , Vías Aferentes/fisiología , Amígdala del Cerebelo , Animales , Núcleos Talámicos Intralaminares/citología , Núcleos Talámicos Intralaminares/fisiología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Transgénicos , Neuronas/citología , Neuronas/fisiología , Núcleos Parabraquiales/citología , Núcleos Parabraquiales/fisiología , Médula Espinal/citología , Médula Espinal/fisiología
13.
Neurosci Bull ; 35(4): 697-708, 2019 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30900143

RESUMEN

Adult male mice emit highly complex ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) in response to female conspecifics. Such USVs, thought to facilitate courtship behaviors, are routinely measured as a behavioral index in mouse models of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders such as autism. While the regulation of USVs by genetic factors has been extensively characterized, the neural mechanisms that control USV production remain largely unknown. Here, we report that optogenetic activation of the medial preoptic area (mPOA) elicited the production of USVs that were acoustically similar to courtship USVs in adult mice. Moreover, mPOA vesicular GABA transporter-positive (Vgat +) neurons were more effective at driving USV production than vesicular glutamate transporter 2-positive neurons. Furthermore, ablation of mPOA Vgat+ neurons resulted in altered spectral features and syllable usage of USVs in targeted males. Together, these results demonstrate that the mPOA plays a crucial role in modulating courtship USVs and this may serve as an entry point for future dissection of the neural circuitry underlying USV production.


Asunto(s)
Cortejo/psicología , Área Preóptica/fisiología , Ultrasonido , Vocalización Animal/fisiología , Animales , Femenino , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Optogenética , Proteínas del Transporte Vesicular de Aminoácidos Inhibidores/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas del Transporte Vesicular de Aminoácidos Inhibidores/metabolismo
14.
Exp Ther Med ; 15(4): 3329-3335, 2018 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29545851

RESUMEN

Portal hypertension secondary to liver cirrhosis may cause a number of life-threatening complications. The rupture of gastroesophageal varices is associated with a high mortality rate of 15-30%. Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is an accurate reflection of disease severity, however this can only be assessed via an invasive interventional procedure. The aim of the present study was to explore a non-invasive method based on 3D computed tomography (CT) volume rendering technology to accurately predict HVPG. A total of 77 patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis underwent HVPG examination in the present study and the appropriate clinical and radiological data were retrospectively reviewed. A 3D liver and spleen volume rendering was constructed for volume measurements. All non-invasive parameters were tested using univariate analysis and the resulting variables that were statistically significant (P<0.20) were used in the multivariate linear regression model. The HVPG predictive model was as follows: HVPG = 18.726 - 0.324 (albumin) + 1.57 (aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index) + 0.004 (liver volume) (multivariate regression analysis, P=0.006). The corresponding area under receiver operating characteristic curve to identify clinically significant portal hypertension defined as HVPG ≥10 mmHg was 0.810 (95% confidence interval; 0.705-0.891), with an optimal cut-off value of 12.84, yielding a sensitivity of 80.36% a specificity of 76.19%. The results of the present study indicate that 3D CT volume rendering technology may have the potential to be used for non-invasive prediction of HVPG.

15.
Gut Liver ; 12(5): 562-570, 2018 09 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29699062

RESUMEN

Background/Aims: Gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage is a common complication of portal hypertension. Endoscopic therapy is currently recommended for preventing gastroesophageal variceal rebleed. However, the rate of variceal rebleed and its associated mortality remain concerning. This study is aimed at differentiating patient response to endoscopic therapy based on endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) findings. Methods: One-hundred seventy patients previously treated with repeat endoscopic therapy for secondary prophylaxis were enrolled and classified into two groups based on treatment response. Prior to consolidation therapy, all patients received an EUS examination to observe for extraluminal phenomena. All available follow-up endoscopic examination records were retrieved to validate study results. Results: Of the 170 subjects, 106 were poor responders, while 64 were good responders. The presence of para-gastric, gastric perforating, and esophageal perforating veins was associated with poor patient response (p<0.001). The odds ratio for para-gastric veins was 5.374. Follow-up endoscopic findings for poor responders with incomplete variceal obliteration was closely correlated with the presence of para-gastric veins (p=0.002). Conclusions: The presence of para-gastric veins is a characteristic of poor response to endoscopic therapy for treating gastroesophageal varices. Early identification of this subgroup necessitates a change in course of treatment to improve overall patient outcome.


Asunto(s)
Endosonografía/métodos , Procedimientos Endovasculares/estadística & datos numéricos , Várices Esofágicas y Gástricas/cirugía , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/cirugía , Prevención Secundaria/métodos , Anciano , Procedimientos Endovasculares/métodos , Várices Esofágicas y Gástricas/etiología , Várices Esofágicas y Gástricas/prevención & control , Femenino , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/etiología , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/prevención & control , Humanos , Hipertensión Portal/complicaciones , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento
16.
Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 2018: 1940592, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29850452

RESUMEN

Background: Gastric varices (GV) are associated with high morbidity and mortality in patients with portal hypertension. Endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection is the first-line recommended therapy for GV obliteration. This study aims to explore the reason behind related adverse events and better prevent its occurrence. Methods: A retrospective case series study was conducted from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2016, to identify patients who experienced severe adverse events secondary to endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection. A literature review of similar cases was performed on two medical databases, Medline and Embase. Results: A total of 652 patients underwent cyanoacrylate injection at our center within the study duration. Five cases of severe adverse events related to the use of tissue adhesives were identified. Detailed clinical presentation, patient treatment, and outcomes were reviewed and analyzed. Twenty-seven similar cases were identified based on the literature review providing further insight into the study. Conclusion: Although rare in incidence, systemic embolism associated with cyanoacrylate injection is often fatal or debilitating. This report may raise awareness in treatment protocol, including the necessity of preoperative angiographic studies, to avoid similar adverse events in clinical practice.


Asunto(s)
Cianoacrilatos/efectos adversos , Várices Esofágicas y Gástricas/terapia , Hemostasis Endoscópica/efectos adversos , Tromboembolia/etiología , Anciano , China/epidemiología , Angiografía por Tomografía Computarizada , Cianoacrilatos/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tasa de Supervivencia/tendencias , Tromboembolia/diagnóstico , Tromboembolia/epidemiología
17.
Nat Commun ; 9(1): 279, 2018 01 18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29348568

RESUMEN

The medial preoptic area (mPOA) differs between males and females in nearly all species examined to date, including humans. Here, using fiber photometry recordings of Ca2+ transients in freely behaving mice, we show ramping activities in the mPOA that precede and correlate with sexually dimorphic display of male-typical mounting and female-typical pup retrieval. Strikingly, optogenetic stimulation of the mPOA elicits similar display of mounting and pup retrieval in both males and females. Furthermore, by means of recording, ablation, optogenetic activation, and inhibition, we show mPOA neurons expressing estrogen receptor alpha (Esr1) are essential for the sexually biased display of these behaviors. Together, these results underscore the shared layout of the brain that can mediate sex-specific behaviors in both male and female mice and provide an important functional frame to decode neural mechanisms governing sexually dimorphic behaviors in the future.


Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/fisiología , Neuronas/fisiología , Área Preóptica/fisiología , Conducta Sexual Animal , Animales , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Receptor alfa de Estrógeno/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Transgénicos , Neuronas/metabolismo , Optogenética/métodos , Área Preóptica/metabolismo , Factores Sexuales
18.
Chem Commun (Camb) ; 54(25): 3134-3137, 2018 Mar 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29527607

RESUMEN

High purity molecular trapdoor chabazite with an optimal Si/Al ratio (1:9) was prepared from fly ash. Gas adsorption isotherms and binary breakthrough experiments show dramatically large selectivities for CO2 over N2 and CH4, which are the highest among physisorbents at operating temperatures suitable for postcombustion carbon capture and natural gas separations.

19.
Neuroscience ; 362: 228-238, 2017 Oct 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28882425

RESUMEN

Despite recent progress on neural pathways underlying individual behaviors, how an animal balances and prioritizes behavioral outputs remains poorly understood. While studying the relationship between hunger-induced feeding and pup-induced maternal behaviors in virgin female mice, we made the unexpected discovery that presence of pups strongly delayed and decreased food consumption. Strikingly, presence of pups also suppressed feeding induced by optogenetic activation of Agrp neurons. Such a suppressive effect inversely correlated with the extents of maternal behaviors, but did not rely on the display of these behaviors, and was also present in virgin males. Furthermore, chemogenetic activation of Vglut2+ neurons in the medial preoptic area (mPOA), a region critical for maternal behaviors and motivation, was sufficient to suppress hunger-induced feeding. However, muscimol inhibition of the mPOA, while disrupting maternal behaviors, did not prevent pup suppression of feeding, indicating that neural pathways in other brain regions may also mediate such an effect. Together, these results provide novel insights into neural coordination of pup care and feeding in mice and organizations of animal behaviors in general.


Asunto(s)
Conducta Alimentaria/fisiología , Hambre/fisiología , Conducta Materna/fisiología , Neuronas/fisiología , Conducta Paterna/fisiología , Área Preóptica/fisiología , Proteína Relacionada con Agouti/genética , Proteína Relacionada con Agouti/metabolismo , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Femenino , Agonistas de Receptores de GABA-A/farmacología , Masculino , Conducta Materna/psicología , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Transgénicos , Muscimol/farmacología , Neuronas/citología , Optogenética , Conducta Paterna/psicología , Área Preóptica/citología , Área Preóptica/efectos de los fármacos , Reproducción , Caracteres Sexuales , Proteína 2 de Transporte Vesicular de Glutamato/metabolismo
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