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Soil salinity results in oxidative stress and heavy losses to crop production. The S-acylated protein SALT TOLERANCE RECEPTOR-LIKE CYTOPLASMIC KINASE 1 (STRK1) phosphorylates and activates CATALASE C (CatC) to improve rice (Oryza sativa L.) salt tolerance, but the molecular mechanism underlying its S-acylation involved in salt signal transduction awaits elucidation. Here, we show that the DHHC-type zinc finger protein DHHC09 S-acylates STRK1 at Cys5, Cys10, and Cys14 and promotes salt and oxidative stress tolerance by enhancing rice H2O2-scavenging capacity. This modification determines STRK1 targeting to the plasma membrane or lipid nanodomains and is required for its function. DHHC09 promotes salt signaling from STRK1 to CatC via transphosphorylation, and its deficiency impairs salt signal transduction. Our findings demonstrate that DHHC09 S-acylates and anchors STRK1 to the plasma membrane to promote salt signaling from STRK1 to CatC, thereby regulating H2O2 homeostasis and improving salt stress tolerance in rice. Moreover, overexpression of DHHC09 in rice mitigates grain yield loss under salt stress. Together, these results shed light on the mechanism underlying the role of S-acylation in RLK/RLCK-mediated salt signal transduction and provide a strategy for breeding highly salt-tolerant rice.
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Oryza , Tolerancia a la Sal , Tolerancia a la Sal/genética , Oryza/metabolismo , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/metabolismo , Homeostasis , Dedos de Zinc , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismoRESUMEN
Integrating reactive radicals into membranes that resemble biological membranes has always been a pursuit for simultaneous organics degradation and water filtration. In this research, we discovered that a radical polymer (RP) that can directly trigger the oxidative degradation of sulfamethozaxole (SMX). Mechanistic studies by experiment and density functional theory simulations revealed that peroxyl radicals are the reactive species, and the radicals could be regenerated in the presence of O2. Furthermore, an interpenetrating RP network membrane consisting of polyvinyl alcohol and the RP was fabricated to demonstrate the simultaneous filtration of large molecules in the model wastewater stream and the degradation of ~ 85% of SMX with a steady permeation flux. This study offers valuable insights into the mechanism of RP-triggered advanced oxidation processes and provides an energy-efficient solution for the degradation of organic compounds and water filtration in wastewater treatment.
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The bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) can regulate leukemia stem cells (LSCs) via secreted factors. Increasing evidence suggests that dissecting the mechanisms by which the BMM maintains LSCs may lead to the development of effective therapies for the eradication of leukemia. Inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1), a key transcriptional regulator in LSCs, previously identified by us, controls cytokine production in the BMM, but the role of ID1 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) BMM remains obscure. Here, we report that ID1 is highly expressed in the BMM of patients with AML, especially in BM mesenchymal stem cells, and that the high expression of ID1 in the AML BMM is induced by BMP6, secreted from AML cells. Knocking out ID1 in mesenchymal cells significantly suppresses the proliferation of cocultured AML cells. Loss of Id1 in the BMM results in impaired AML progression in AML mouse models. Mechanistically, we found that Id1 deficiency significantly reduces SP1 protein levels in mesenchymal cells cocultured with AML cells. Using ID1-interactome analysis, we found that ID1 interacts with RNF4, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, and causes a decrease in SP1 ubiquitination. Disrupting the ID1-RNF4 interaction via truncation in mesenchymal cells significantly reduces SP1 protein levels and delays AML cell proliferation. We identify that the target of Sp1, Angptl7, is the primary differentially expression protein factor in Id1-deficient BM supernatant fluid to regulate AML progression in mice. Our study highlights the critical role of ID1 in the AML BMM and aids the development of therapeutic strategies for AML.
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Proteína 7 Similar a la Angiopoyetina , Proteína 1 Inhibidora de la Diferenciación , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda , Animales , Ratones , Proteína 7 Similar a la Angiopoyetina/genética , Proteína 7 Similar a la Angiopoyetina/metabolismo , Médula Ósea/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genética , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/patología , Microambiente Tumoral , Humanos , Proteína 1 Inhibidora de la Diferenciación/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Variants in the RPGR are the leading cause of X-linked retinopathies (XLRPs). Further in-depth investigation is needed to understand the natural history. METHODS: Review of all case records, molecular genetic testing results, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), retinal imaging data (including fundus autofluorescence imaging and optical coherence tomography (OCT)), static visual field (VF) assessments and full-field electroretinogram. RESULTS: Genetic testing was conducted on 104 male patients from 89 family pedigrees, identifying 22 novel variants and 1 de novo variant. The initial symptoms appeared in 78.2% of patients at a median age of 5 years. BCVA declined at a mean rate of 0.02 (IQR, 0-0.04) logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution per year, with a gradual, non-linear decrease over the first 40 years. Autofluorescence imaging revealed macular atrophy at a median age of 36.1 (IQR, 29.9-43.2) years. Patients experienced blindness at a median age of 42.5 (IQR, 32.9-45.2) years according to WHO visual impairment categories. OCT analysis showed a mean ellipsoid zone narrowing rate of 23.3 (IQR, -1.04-22.29) µm/month, with an accelerated reduction in the first 40 years (p<0.01). The median age at which ERG no longer detected a waveform was 26.5 (IQR, 20.5-32.8) years. Comparison by variant location indicated faster progression in patients with exon 1-14 variants during the initial two decades, while those with ORF15 variants showed accelerated progression from the third decade. CONCLUSIONS: We provide a foundation for determining the treatment window and an objective basis for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of gene therapy for XLRP.
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Australian pine (Casuarina spp.) is extensively planted in tropical and subtropical regions for wood production, shelterbelts, environmental protection, and ecological restoration due to their superior biological characteristics, such as rapid growth, wind and salt tolerance, and nitrogen fixation. To analyze the genomic diversity of Casuarina, we sequenced the genomes and constructed de novo genome assemblies of the three most widely planted Casuarina species: C. equisetifolia, C. glauca, and C. cunninghamiana. We generated chromosome-scale genome sequences using both Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) Sequel sequencing and chromosome conformation capture technology (Hi-C). The total genome sizes for C. equisetifolia, C. glauca, and C. cunninghamiana are 268 942 579 bp, 296 631 783 bp, and 293 483 606 bp, respectively, of which 25.91, 27.15, and 27.74% were annotated as repetitive sequences. We annotated 23 162, 24 673, and 24 674 protein-coding genes in C. equisetifolia, C. glauca, and C. cunninghamiana, respectively. We then collected branchlets from male and female individuals for whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (BS-seq) to explore the epigenetic regulation of sex determination in these three species. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed differential expression of phytohormone-related genes between male and female plants. In summary, we generated three chromosome-level genome assemblies and comprehensive DNA methylation and transcriptome datasets from both male and female material for three Casuarina species, providing a basis for the comprehensive investigation of genomic diversity and functional gene discovery of Casuarina in the future.
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Cromosomas , Epigénesis Genética , Australia , Secuencia de Bases , Secuencias Repetitivas de Ácidos Nucleicos , Anotación de Secuencia MolecularRESUMEN
Exsolution has emerged as an outstanding route for producing oxide-supported metal nanoparticles. For ABO3-perovskite oxides, various late transition-metal cations can be substituted into the lattice under oxidizing conditions and exsolved as metal nanoparticles after reduction. A consistent and comprehensive description of the point-defect thermodynamics and kinetics of this phenomenon is lacking, however. Herein, supported by hybrid density-functional-theory calculations, we propose a single model that explains diverse experimental observations, such as why substituent transition-metal cations (but not host cations) exsolve from perovskite oxides upon reduction; why different substituent transition-metal cations exsolve under different conditions; why the metal nanoparticles are embedded in the surface; why exsolution occurs surprisingly rapidly at relatively low temperatures; and why the reincorporation of exsolved species involves far longer times and much higher temperatures. Our model's foundation is that the substituent transition-metal cations are reduced to neutral species within the perovskite lattice as the Fermi level is shifted upward within the bandgap upon sample reduction. The calculations also indicate unconventional influences of oxygen vacancies and A-site vacancies. Our model thus provides a fundamental basis for improving existing, and creating new, exsolution-generated catalysts.
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OBJECTIVE: Paragangliomas of the urinary bladder (UBPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumours and pose a diagnostic and surgical challenge. It remains unclear what factors contribute to a timely presurgical diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to identify factors contributing to missing the diagnosis of UBPGLs before surgery. DESIGN, PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS: A total of 73 patients from 11 centres in China, and 51 patients from 6 centres in Europe and 1 center in the United States were included. Clinical, surgical and genetic data were collected and compared in patients diagnosed before versus after surgery. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify clinical factors associated with initiation of presurgical biochemical testing. RESULTS: Among all patients, only 47.6% were diagnosed before surgery. These patients were younger (34.0 vs. 54.0 years, p < .001), had larger tumours (2.9 vs. 1.8 cm, p < .001), and more had a SDHB pathogenic variant (54.7% vs. 11.9%, p < .001) than those diagnosed after surgery. Patients with presurgical diagnosis presented with more micturition spells (39.7% vs. 15.9%, p = .003), hypertension (50.0% vs. 31.7%, p = .041) and catecholamine-related symptoms (37.9% vs. 17.5%, p = .012). Multivariable logistic analysis revealed that presence of younger age (<35 years, odds ratio [OR] = 6.47, p = .013), micturition spells (OR = 6.79, p = .007), hypertension (OR = 3.98, p = .011), and sweating (OR = 41.72, p = .013) increased the probability of initiating presurgical biochemical testing. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients with UBPGL are diagnosed after surgery. Young age, hypertension, micturition spells and sweating are clues in assisting to initiate early biochemical testing and thus may establish a timely presurgical diagnosis.
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Paraganglioma , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/diagnóstico , Femenino , Masculino , Adulto , Paraganglioma/diagnóstico , Paraganglioma/cirugía , Europa (Continente) , Estados Unidos , Anciano , ChinaRESUMEN
The properties of layered intercalation hybrids are closely related to interlayer molecular packing. To develop functional intercalation hybrids, it is essential to gain deep insights into interlayer molecular packing. This work reports a new comprehensive insight into the controllable multiphase interlayer molecular packing in 4-(phenylazo)benzoate anion-intercalated layered zinc hydroxide (LZH-4-PAB intercalation hybrids). The new insight breaks up the general understanding that the interlayer molecular packing of anions is usually single-phase, lacking diversity and controllability. Furthermore, it uncovers an interesting stepwise rather than the generally expected continuous phase transition of the interlayer molecular packing. The intercalated 4-PAB anions initially organize into the horizontal monolayer packing (θ = 0°, Phase I), which stepwise transforms to the tilted interdigitated antiparallel bilayer packing (θ ≈ 50°, Phase II) along with an increased intercalation loading and eventually to the vertical interdigitated antiparallel bilayer packing (θ = 90°, Phase III). The LZH-4-PAB hybrids exhibited a greatly enhanced interlayer molecular packing-dependent UV-vis absorption. This study provides helpful guidance for developing property-tailored intercalation hybrids. It may attract new interest in more layered intercalation hybrids. New and rich intercalation chemistry might be discovered in more functional intercalation hybrids beyond the 4-PAB anion-intercalated layered zinc hydroxide.
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Rare earth orthoniobates (RENbO4) are one kind of important functional materials due to its applications in solid-state phosphors, thermal barrier coatings, and microwave dielectric ceramics. The synthesis of rare earth niobates often needs high reaction temperatures (1300 °C-1700 °C) and long processing times (from hours to tens of hours) in solid-state reactions, which can increase the study time of the relationship between structure and properties. In this work, we used ultrafast high-temperature sintering method to synthesize RENbO4(RE = La, Eu, Gd, Yb, Lu), and found specific structure and properties in these materials obtained with specific synthetic techniques. Based on the electronegativity scale, the charge transfer energy of lanthanide ions in the YNbO4crystal was calculated. The rapid synthesis of RENbO4in a vacuum atmosphere generated more oxygen vacancies, and the structures of [REO8] and [NbO6] were distorted. The shortening of the fluorescence lifetime of LaNbO4and EuNbO4was related to the formation of self-trapped excitons facilitated by lattice distortion. The emission peak of LuNbO4at about 530 nm is attributed to the oxygen vacancy in the niobate group. The reported synthetic methods can provide a fast materials screening route for high melting point inorganic materials.
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Podocyte lipotoxicity mediated by impaired cellular cholesterol efflux plays a crucial role in the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and the identification of potential therapeutic targets that regulate podocyte cholesterol homeostasis has clinical significance. Coiled-coil domain containing 92 (CCDC92) is a novel molecule related to metabolic disorders and insulin resistance. However, whether the expression level of CCDC92 is changed in kidney parenchymal cells and the role of CCDC92 in podocytes remain unclear. In this study, we found that Ccdc92 was significantly induced in glomeruli from type 2 diabetic mice, especially in podocytes. Importantly, upregulation of Ccdc92 in glomeruli was positively correlated with an increased urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and podocyte loss. Functionally, podocyte-specific deletion of Ccdc92 attenuated proteinuria, glomerular expansion and podocyte injury in mice with DKD. We further demonstrated that Ccdc92 contributed to lipid accumulation by inhibiting cholesterol efflux, finally promoting podocyte injury. Mechanistically, Ccdc92 promoted the degradation of ABCA1 by regulating PA28α-mediated proteasome activity and then reduced cholesterol efflux. Thus, our studies indicate that Ccdc92 contributes to podocyte injury by regulating the PA28α/ABCA1/cholesterol efflux axis in DKD.
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Transportador 1 de Casete de Unión a ATP , Colesterol , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Nefropatías Diabéticas , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Podocitos , Animales , Podocitos/metabolismo , Podocitos/patología , Colesterol/metabolismo , Transportador 1 de Casete de Unión a ATP/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Nefropatías Diabéticas/metabolismo , Nefropatías Diabéticas/patología , Ratones , Masculino , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Ratones Noqueados , Humanos , Complejo de la Endopetidasa Proteasomal/metabolismoRESUMEN
In southern China, winter green manure is widely used in rice cropping systems for improving grain yields and soil fertility. Cd pollution has recently been reported in some of these paddy fields. Research on the in-depth understanding of how green manuring affects Cd absorption in rice is limited. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of different green manures, including single plantation and mixed plantation on the absorption of Cd by rice and explore the underlying mechanisms. Pot experiments demonstrated that compared with winter fallow-rice, green manuring treatments considerably decreased rice Cd content, promoted the conversion of bioavailable Cd fraction into a more stable form, induced the formation of iron plaque, and increased the content of humic-like fraction (HF) in soil dissolved organic matter (DOM). Treatment with mixed plantation resulted in a greater decrease in rice Cd content and an increase in HF and iron plaque contents than single plantation. Hydroponic experiments confirmed that both iron plaque and green manure-derived DOM significantly reduced the Cd content in rice seedlings. In conclusion, green manure incorporation is an efficient measure for the safe utilization of Cd-contaminated soil, and mixed plantation of different green manures exerts stronger effects.
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Cadmio , Hierro , Estiércol , Oryza , Contaminantes del Suelo , Oryza/metabolismo , Oryza/crecimiento & desarrollo , Cadmio/análisis , Cadmio/metabolismo , Hierro/metabolismo , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , Contaminantes del Suelo/metabolismo , Estiércol/análisis , China , Agricultura/métodos , Sustancias Húmicas/análisis , Suelo/químicaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Accurate preoperative identification of ovarian tumour subtypes is imperative for patients as it enables physicians to custom-tailor precise and individualized management strategies. So, we have developed an ultrasound (US)-based multiclass prediction algorithm for differentiating between benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian tumours. METHODS: We randomised data from 849 patients with ovarian tumours into training and testing sets in a ratio of 8:2. The regions of interest on the US images were segmented and handcrafted radiomics features were extracted and screened. We applied the one-versus-rest method in multiclass classification. We inputted the best features into machine learning (ML) models and constructed a radiomic signature (Rad_Sig). US images of the maximum trimmed ovarian tumour sections were inputted into a pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) model. After internal enhancement and complex algorithms, each sample's predicted probability, known as the deep transfer learning signature (DTL_Sig), was generated. Clinical baseline data were analysed. Statistically significant clinical parameters and US semantic features in the training set were used to construct clinical signatures (Clinic_Sig). The prediction results of Rad_Sig, DTL_Sig, and Clinic_Sig for each sample were fused as new feature sets, to build the combined model, namely, the deep learning radiomic signature (DLR_Sig). We used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) to estimate the performance of the multiclass classification model. RESULTS: The training set included 440 benign, 44 borderline, and 196 malignant ovarian tumours. The testing set included 109 benign, 11 borderline, and 49 malignant ovarian tumours. DLR_Sig three-class prediction model had the best overall and class-specific classification performance, with micro- and macro-average AUC of 0.90 and 0.84, respectively, on the testing set. Categories of identification AUC were 0.84, 0.85, and 0.83 for benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian tumours, respectively. In the confusion matrix, the classifier models of Clinic_Sig and Rad_Sig could not recognise borderline ovarian tumours. However, the proportions of borderline and malignant ovarian tumours identified by DLR_Sig were the highest at 54.55% and 63.27%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The three-class prediction model of US-based DLR_Sig can discriminate between benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian tumours. Therefore, it may guide clinicians in determining the differential management of patients with ovarian tumours.
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Aprendizaje Profundo , Neoplasias Ováricas , Humanos , Femenino , Radiómica , Neoplasias Ováricas/diagnóstico por imagen , Ultrasonografía , Algoritmos , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The course of disease after microvascular decompression (MVD) in patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS) is variable. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a nomogram to predict the probability of delayed cure after microvascular decompression in patients with hemifacial spasms based on clinical multivariate factors. METHODS: A retrospective data collection was performed on 290 patients with HFS undergoing MVD at our center from January 2017 to January 2022. The patients were randomly assigned to the training cohort (n = 232) and validation cohort (n = 58) at a ratio of 8:2. Retrospective analysis was performed of information on clinical, radiological, and intraoperative findings and clinical outcomes. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed in the training cohort, and a nomogram was constructed using a stepwise logistic regression approach. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was calculated to evaluate the reliability of the nomogram model. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to assess the clinical application value of the nomogram model. RESULTS: In the training cohorts, 73 patients (73/232) had a delayed cure. In the validation cohorts, 18 patients (18/58) had a delayed cure. We developed a novel nomogram model to predict the risk of delayed cure after MVD in HFS patients based on the presence of vertebral artery compression, venous compression, absence of LSR, degree of facial nerve indentation, degree of neurovascular compression, and internal auditory canal vascular looThe area under the curve (AUC) of the nomogram model was 0.9483 in the training cohort and 0.9382 in the validation cohort. The calibration curve showed good correspondence between the predicted and actual probabilities in the training and validation groups. The decision curve showed that the nomogram model had good performance in clinical applications. CONCLUSIONS: We developed and validated a preoperative and intraoperative multivariate factors nomogram to predict the possibility of delayed cure after MVD in HFS patients, which may help clinicians in the comprehensive management of HFS.
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Espasmo Hemifacial , Cirugía para Descompresión Microvascular , Humanos , Espasmo Hemifacial/cirugía , Resultado del Tratamiento , Nomogramas , Estudios Retrospectivos , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To develop a clinical-radiomics nomogram based on clinical information and radiomics features to predict the prognosis of percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (TN). METHODS: The retrospective study involved clinical data from 149 TN patients undergoing PBC at Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University from January 2018 to January 2022. The free open-source software 3D Slicer was used to extract all radiomic features from the intraoperative X-ray balloon region. The relationship between clinical information and TN prognosis was analyzed by univariate logistic analysis and multivariate logistic analysis. Using R software, the optimal radiomics features were selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) algorithm. A prediction model was constructed based on the clinical information and radiomic features, and a nomogram was visualized. The performance of the clinical radiomics nomogram in predicting the prognosis of PBC in TN treatment was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: A total of 149 patients were eventually included. The clinical factors influencing the prognosis of TN in univariate analysis were compression severity score and TN type. The lasso algorithm Max-Relevance and Min-Redundancy(mRMR) was used to select two predictors from 13 morphology-related radiomics features, including elongation and surface-volume ratio. A total of 4 predictors were used to construct a prediction model and nomogram. The AUC was 0.886(95% confidence interval (CI), 0.75 to 0.96), indicating that the model's good predictive ability. DCA demonstrated the nomogram's high clinical applicability. CONCLUSION: Clinical-radiomics nomogram constructed by combining clinical information and morphology-related radiomics features have good potential in predicting the prognosis of TN for PBC treatment. However, this needs to be further studied and validated in several independent external patient populations.
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Nomogramas , Neuralgia del Trigémino , Humanos , Radiómica , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neuralgia del Trigémino/diagnóstico por imagen , Neuralgia del Trigémino/cirugía , PronósticoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical feasibility of atlantoaxial intra-articular cage (AIC) fusion via intermuscular approach for treating reducible atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD). METHODS: An analysis was conducted on the data of 10 patients who underwent C1-C2 segmental fixation and AIC fusion for AAD by unilateral intermuscular approach and contralateral open approach. Outcome assessments included Japanese Orthopaedic Association score (JOA) and Visual Analog Scale Score for Neck Pain (VASSNP). The duration of surgical exposure, screw insertion and cage insertion, and postoperative drainage volume were also compared between two approaches. Bone fusion was evaluated through computed tomography (CT) reconstruction. Postoperative paravertebral tissue edema was evaluated by paravertebral tissue cross-sectional area (CSA) and signal intensity on T2 weighted sequence of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3 days postoperatively. RESULTS: The intermuscular approach exhibited a longer exposure time but lower drainage postoperatively compared to the open approach (P < 0.05). After operation, JOA scores significant improved (P < 0.05), while VASSNP scores significantly decreased (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in preoperative CSA between two approaches (P > 0.05). However, compared to the open approach, the intermuscular approach exhibited less CSA (P < 0.05) and lower T2 signal intensity on MRI postoperatively, indicating less invasive to the paravertebral tissues. CONCLUSIONS: AIC fusion by intermuscular approach is an effective and safe technique in the treatment of reducible AAD. Intermuscular approach could reduce the postoperative drainage volume and the extent of paravertebral tissue edema compared to open approach.
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Articulación Atlantoaxoidea , Luxaciones Articulares , Fusión Vertebral , Humanos , Articulación Atlantoaxoidea/cirugía , Articulación Atlantoaxoidea/diagnóstico por imagen , Luxaciones Articulares/cirugía , Luxaciones Articulares/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Fusión Vertebral/métodos , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The management of length-unstable femoral shaft fractures(LUFSFs) in pediatric patients is still controversial. This study aims to explore the clinical efficacy of ultrasound-guided closed reduction combined with external fixation for treating LUFSFs in children. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from 19 pediatric patients with LUFSFs who underwent ultrasound-guided closed reduction and external fixation between January 2018 and January 2023. Ultrasound was employed not only to facilitate closed reduction of the fracture but also to guide real-time insertion of Schanz pins and monitor pin length as it traversed the opposite cortex. Surgical time, intraoperative fluoroscopy count, hospital stay length, fracture fixation duration, complication incidence, fracture reduction quality at the final follow-up were recorded. RESULTS: The patients' average age was 7.5 years( range: 5 to 11 years). The mean surgical duration was 70.4 min (range: 48-105 min), and the average intraoperative fluoroscopy count was 6.5 (range: 2-16). Fracture fixation lasted an average of 10.9 weeks (range: 7-20 weeks). All patients were followed up for more than one year. 6 cases of superficial pin tract infection occurred, which resolved with oral antibiotics and enhanced needle tract care. No deep infections were observed. Temporary stiffness of the knee joint was observed in 2 patients. According to Flynn's efficacy evaluation system, fracture reduction quality at the final follow-up was rated as excellent in 11 cases and satisfactory in 8 cases, yielding a combined success rate of 100% (19/19). CONCLUSIONS: The technique of ultrasound-guided closed reduction combined with external fixation offers favorable outcomes for children aged 5 to 11 years with LUFSFs, reducing reliance on fluoroscopic guidance.
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Fracturas del Fémur , Fijación de Fractura , Ultrasonografía Intervencional , Humanos , Niño , Estudios Retrospectivos , Femenino , Preescolar , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Fracturas del Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Ultrasonografía Intervencional/métodos , Fijación de Fractura/métodos , Reducción Cerrada/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Clavos Ortopédicos , Tempo OperativoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The current surgical procedure of interbody fusion in the lumbar spine has several limitations including low efficiency, potential endplate damage, overdose radiation exposure, and failure of fusion. METHODS: Through the endoscopic operating channel, we efficiently removed the superior and inferior articular processes and decompressed the ligamentum flavum. Another operating channel was established under endoscopic monitoring to excise the annulus fibrosus, remove the cartilaginous endplate using open instruments, perform interbody bone grafting, and place a non-expandable polyetheretherketone open surgical fusion cage. CONCLUSION: Lumbar interbody fusion was performed successfully using a far-lateral transforaminal approach combined with dual operation channels of percutaneous endoscopic-assisted technique.
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Endoscopía , Fusión Vertebral , Humanos , Región Lumbosacra/cirugía , Fusión Vertebral/métodos , Vértebras Lumbares/diagnóstico por imagen , Vértebras Lumbares/cirugía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Myricetin (1), Quercetin (2), Kaempferol (3) and Kaempferide (4) were flavonoids with phenolic hydroxyl groups. The antioxidant and pharmacological mechanisms of them were investigated in detail. The lowest hydroxyl dissociation enthalpies of 1, 2, 3 and 4 were calculated by DFT, respectively. The hydroxyl dissociation enthalpies of the four flavonoids at the O2 site are the highest. By analyzing the intramolecular hydrogen bonds and HOMO-LUMO orbitals of the four flavonoids, the reasons for their divergence of hydroxyl dissociation enthalpies and antioxidant mechanisms were further investigated. The UV-vis and IR spectra of four flavonoids were compared. The interactions about electrostatic attraction, p-π conjugation and hydrogen bond combined the flavonoid with the target protein closely. The root mean square deviation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ combined with 1, 2 and 3 increased, while that of PPARγ combined with 4 decreased.
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BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is the most common malignant tumour of the digestive system, yet there is a lack of reported prognostic biomarkers for STAD patients. METHODS: Transcriptomic expression data of STAD from GEO database, single cell sequencing data from OMIX gastric cancer database. Conservative molecular typing of gastric cancer was constructed using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). The abundance of 28 immune cells in the tumour samples was assessed using ssGSEA. The R package "oncoPredict" was used to predict chemotherapy response. TIDE website for immunotherapy response prediction. Finally, single cell analysis was performed to clarify the specific type annotation of STAD cells and to analysis their spatial expression. RESULTS: Hypoxia-score demonstrated excellent prognostic discrimination in TCGA gastric cancer samples. Among multiple deconvolution-based algorithms for immune infiltration, Hypoxia-score presented a general immunosuppressive efficacy across multiple datasets, as evidenced by a broad negative correlation with immune cell infiltration. By the likelihood that each group may have specific drug sensitivity to multiple chemotherapeutic and targeted agents. Results showed that high-risk scoring patients were more sensitive to Staurosporine, Sabutoclax, and AZD8055, while low-risk patients were more sensitive to Bortezomib, Dactinomycin, Docetaxel, Daporinad, Sepantronium, and bromide. In the immunotherapy cohort, the Hypoxia-score presented the ability to discriminate for immunotherapy efficacy. The distribution of Hypoxia-score in single-cell descending space was calculated using AddModuleScore and was found to be distributed across the various cell types annotated in the single-cell analysis. It is suggested that various cells in the tumour microenvironment are involved in hypoxia gene set processes to varying degrees. CONCLUSION: The Hypoxia-score proves to be a valuable tool for assessing the prognosis of gastric cancer patients and guiding drug treatments, providing significant guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment in the context of gastric cancer.
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Adenocarcinoma , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Pronóstico , Docetaxel , Biomarcadores , Microambiente TumoralRESUMEN
Two industrial solid wastes, Ti-bearing blast furnace slag (TBFS) and diamond wire saw silicon waste (DWSSW), contain large amounts of Ti and Si, and their accumulation wastes resources and intensifies environmental pollution. In the present study, DWSSW was used as the silicon source to reduce titanium oxide in TBFS by electromagnetic induction smelting, and meanwhile Na3AlF6 was added as a flux to improve the recycling of the wastes. Ti and Si of the two wastes were simultaneously recovered in the form of alloy. The effects of different addition amount of Na3AlF6 flux in the mixture of DWSSW and TBFS on chemical composition, viscosity, basicity and structure of slag were investigated. The dissolution behavior of SiO2 in Na3AlF6 flux was theoretically deduced and experimentally verification. The optimized recovery rate of Ti and Si were obtained, and the research realizes the efficient recycling of DWSSW and TBFS simultaneously.