RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: B7-H3 is an important immune checkpoint molecule that plays a negative role in immune regulation. This study was aimed to explore B7-H3 expression in HIV-infected patients and its clinical significance. METHODS: To explore the expression and clinical significance of B7-H3 in HIV-infected patients, we investigated the B7-H3 expression pattern and the correlation of B7-H3 expression with clinical parameters of HIV-infected patients with different levels of CD4+ T cells. To assess the role of B7-H3 in regulating the function of T cells in HIV infection, we performed a proliferation assay and T cell function test in vitro. RESULTS: B7-H3 expression in HIV-infected patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls. mB7-H3 expression on CD4+CD25high T cells and CD14+ monocytes increased with disease progression. mB7-H3 expression on CD4+CD25high T cells and monocytes was negatively correlated with lymphocyte count, CD4+T cell count, and positively correlated with HIV viral load in HIV-infected patients. when the number of CD4+ T cells in HIV-infected patients was ≥ 200/µL, sB7-H3 and mB7-H3 expression levels on CD4+CD25high T cells and monocytes were negatively correlated with lymphocyte count, CD4+T cell count. sB7-H3 and mB7-H3 expression on monocytes were positively correlated with HIV viral load. B7-H3 inhibited the proliferation of lymphocytes and the secretion of IFN-γ in vitro, especially the ability of CD8+ T cells to secrete IFN-γ. CONCLUSIONS: B7-H3 played an important negative regulatory role in anti-HIV infection immunity. It could be used as a potential biomarker for the progression of HIV infection and a novel target for the treatment of HIV infection.
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Linfocitos T CD8-positivos , Infecciones por VIH , Humanos , Relevancia Clínica , Monocitos , Plasma , Bioensayo , Factores de TranscripciónRESUMEN
The Leucine rich repeat containing G protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), may be a candidate marker of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells with stem cell-like properties. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) is one of NSCLC stem cell markers. To identify the relationship of LGR5 and ALDH1A1 in NSCLC, we analyzed the expression of LGR5 and ALDH1A1 in NSCLC samples, and determined their clinical significance. We performed quantitative RT-PCR for LGR5 and ALDH1A1 expression in 24 NSCLC patients, and showed that LGR5 and ALDH1A1 mRNA were frequently increased in NSCLC tissues in comparison to that in adjacent normal tissues (p = 0.0005 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Besides, the expression of LGR5 and ALDH1A1 mRNA has a significant correlation (r = 0.416, P = 0.0483). The expression of LGR5 and ALDH1A1 in 109 NSCLC tumors and 50 adjacent normal tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Positive LGR5 and ALDH1A1 expression was defined in 28.4% and 41.3% of the NSCLC tumors, respectively. Further analysis indicated that 24 of these LGR5⺠(24/31) samples expressed ALDH1A1(r = 0.3883, p < 0.0001), we also found co-localization of LGR5 and ALDH1A1 in tumor tissue samples. LGR5 and ALDH1A1 expression was significantly associated with higher pathological TNM stage of the disease (stage I + II and III + IV) (P = 0.0311 and p = 0.0221, respectively), the co-expression of LGR5 and ALDH1A1 was associated with nodal status (p = 0.0424). High expression of LGR5 or ALDH1A1 was related to poor prognosis (P = 0.0125 and p = 0.0410, respectively), and NSCLC patients with co-expression of LGR5 and ALDH1A1 had a poorer prognosis than the others (P = 0.0011). Both of them can be an independent risk factor of a poorer prognosis (P = 0.016 and P = 0.024, respectively). The expression of LGR5 and ALDH1A1 were closely associated with the tumorigenicity, metastasis and poor prognosis of NSCLC, and LGR5⺠cells in NSCLC were likely to be the cancer cells with stem cell-like properties due to the significant correlation between LGR5 and ALDH1A1.
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Aldehído Deshidrogenasa/metabolismo , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Aldehído Deshidrogenasa/genética , Familia de Aldehído Deshidrogenasa 1 , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/genética , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Pronóstico , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , ARN Neoplásico/genética , ARN Neoplásico/metabolismo , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/genética , Retinal-DeshidrogenasaRESUMEN
AIM: To prepare a functional mouse anti-human PD-L1 monoclonal antibody and to characterize its biological activities. METHODS: A stable human PD-L1 transfected cell line L929/PD-L1 was used as an antigen to immunize BALB/c mice. By means of the cell fusion technique, multiple cell subcloning, repeated screening with L929/ PD-L1 as target cells and the L929/mock cells used as the negative control, the hybridomas specifically secreting mouse anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies were generated. Then its biological characterization was investigated by rapid murine Ig-subclass typing, Western blotting, indirect immune of luorescene assay, mutual competitive inhibition test. By means of MTT incorporation assay, detected the infection of mAb to T cell proliferation. Three mouse anti-human PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies were generated, named as 11G8, 2G5 and 5C3. RESULTS: The results of characterization study showed that the monoclonal antibodies could recognize the PD-L1 on the activated T cells. The mAbs could promote T cells proliferation. CONCLUSION: It is evident that the functional monoclonal antibodies for human PD-L1 have been generated, and it would provide the initial material for further study on the role of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathways.