RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The aim was to compare the efficacy of the electric versus the manual toothbrush in terms of the oral hygiene achieved by patients wearing rapid palatal expanders (RPEs). METHODS: Forty patients were randomly divided into two groups; one equipped with a manual toothbrush (Group A), the other with an electric toothbrush (Group B). Each child's plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) were calculated at banded molar level at times T0 (before banding), T1 (a month later), T2 (3 months later) and T3 (when the expander was removed). At each appointment, the PI and GI were recorded and the patient was remotivated. RESULTS: The level of oral hygiene achieved by the group using an electric toothbrush produced a greater improvement in the two indexes than in the group using the manual toothbrush that showed no statistically significant improvement (PI T0-T3: P = 0.309; GI T0-T3: P = 0.141). Both indexes dropped considerably in both groups from T0 to T2, but more so in the group B. From T2 to T3, although the electric toothbrush continued to be substantially more effective, Group B showed a statistically significant deterioration in the oral hygiene (PI +20%; GI +33%). Other assessments conducted on particular areas of the tooth showed improvements in the PI (-33%) for the vestibular region, and for the GI (-57%) in the palatal region among the patients in Group B, while there were no significant changes in these indexes in Group A. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that the electric toothbrush is statistically more efficient in performing an adequate level of oral hygiene in children wearing RPE.
Asunto(s)
Higiene Bucal , Técnica de Expansión Palatina/instrumentación , Cepillado Dental/instrumentación , Niño , Índice de Placa Dental , Equipos y Suministros Eléctricos , Diseño de Equipo , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Diente Molar/patología , Diseño de Aparato Ortodóncico , Soportes Ortodóncicos , Índice Periodontal , Método Simple CiegoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: It is quite common for white spots to develop on a tooth, due sometimes to a defective formation of the enamel layer, and sometimes to patches of demineralisation as a result of poor oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment with fixed braces. ICON DMG is currently the only noninvasive treatment for white spots. After a preliminary etching, it infiltrates the enamel, filling the spaces between the prisms with a resinous material that has a refraction coefficient very similar to that of healthy tooth enamel. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of professional whitening procedures on teeth previously treated with ICON. The study hypothesis was that infiltration with ICON resin creates a barrier capable of preventing the bleaching action of the whitening agent. MATERIALS: White spots were artificially created on one half of the vestibular surface of 12 human teeth, while the other half was protected with a composite adhesive. The white spots were infiltrated with ICON and the protective adhesive was subsequently removed. A professional teeth whitening procedure was then completed on both halves of the teeth. A statistical analysis was performed to compare spectrophotometric recordings obtained before and after the ICON infiltration and teeth whitening procedures. CONCLUSION: The whitening procedure modified the colour of the teeth on the half not infiltrated with ICON (p<0.05), but there was no statistically significant change in colour on the half infiltrated with ICON. The presence of the ICON resin seems to act as a partial barrier to the action of the whitening agent.
Asunto(s)
Blanqueadores Dentales , Blanqueamiento de Dientes , Humanos , Blanqueamiento de Dientes/métodos , Blanqueadores Dentales/uso terapéutico , Esmalte Dental/efectos de los fármacos , Espectrofotometría , Decoloración de Dientes , Resinas Sintéticas/uso terapéutico , ColorRESUMEN
AIM: Recently, serious considerations regarding mental health conditions and their impact on the whole organism have been made. This area is still quite unknown within the dental community, despite the potential impact these conditions can have on both oral care and health. Previous studies have concluded that both pregnant women and mothers have been found to be particularly sensitive to the risk of developing mental disorders such as anxiety and major depression. There is a very high possibility for the children of these mothers to experience neglect and disregard due to of the development of these conditions, which will negatively affect their behavioural and physical growth as a result. This impact stretches into oral health as well, as these children have been reported to be more inclined to develop early childhood caries, bruxism, and after-birth enamel defects, in addition to illnesses like diabetes and disabilities. MATERIALS: A literature search was conducted in Pubmed, Medline, and Scopus for the keywords 'maternal depression', 'oral health' and 'children', combined with 'AND' or 'OR' Boolean Operators. CONCLUSION: The results of the present literature suggest a strong connection between maternal mental disorders and poor children's oral care, and as a result, dental professionals should be extremely careful when treating and communicating with these patients.
Asunto(s)
Caries Dental , Salud Mental , Madres , Salud Bucal , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo , Ansiedad , Caries Dental/epidemiología , Caries Dental/prevención & control , Madres/psicología , Odontología PediátricaRESUMEN
AIM: Data indicate a tendency towards an increased incidence through the last decades of various forms of pneumonia. Among these, nosocomial pneumonia in patients who have been on mechanical ventilation support (increased after the Covid-19 pandemic) is a condition that must be addressed as soon as possible to avoid complications. Current literature lacks an in-depth analysis of the potential correlation between ventilator-associated pneumonia and poor oral hygiene, especially in children. The aim of this literature review is to investigate if improving oral hygiene could affect the onset of nosocomial pneumonia in children. METHODS: A search was performed in Pubmed, Medline, and Scopus for the keywords: oral care, children, neonates, ventilator-associated pneumonia, combined with 'AND' or 'OR' Boolean Operators. CONCLUSION: The relevant papers retrieved in the scientific literature emphasised the importante of good oral care bundles to mitigate the bacteria proliferation in the bloodstream, and to prevent the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia.
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COVID-19 , Neumonía Asociada al Ventilador , Niño , Recién Nacido , Humanos , Neumonía Asociada al Ventilador/prevención & control , Neumonía Asociada al Ventilador/epidemiología , Neumonía Asociada al Ventilador/microbiología , Higiene Bucal , Pandemias , COVID-19/prevención & control , COVID-19/epidemiología , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo PediátricoRESUMEN
Aim: The aim of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of a computerised system (QuickSleeper) compared to traditional syringe in injection of local anaesthetic focusing on the perception of anxiety and pain in paediatric patients. Methods: Study design: 100 children aged between 3 and 15 years in need of two dental treatments that required local anaesthesia were selected and treated randomly but alternately with computerised and traditional local anaesthesia. After each anaesthetic injection, patient's anxiety was measured using the Venham test. Results: Electronic anaesthesia showed statistically significant better results than traditional anaesthesia according to the Venham pain scale, in both mandibular and maxillary sites. Statistics: Data were analysed using the paired Wilcoxon test. Conclusion: The computer-assisted anaesthesia system resulted in a significantly lower pain perception score and yielded to helpful, cooperative behaviour. For this reason, it is an advantageous alternative to traditional injection anaesthesia and can avoid invasive treatments and trauma for young patients.
Asunto(s)
Anestesia Dental , Anestesia Local , Adolescente , Anestesia Dental/métodos , Anestesia Local/métodos , Anestésicos Locales , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , Dolor/etiología , Percepción del DolorRESUMEN
AIM: The purpose of this study is to evaluate resistance to fracture with static tests of dental fragments reattached through the use of different light-curing composite resins. For this purpose 40 bovine inferior incisors were utilised, which were randomised into 4 groups; one control group and 3 experimental groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All teeth of the 3 experimental groups were sawed at 3 mm from the incisal margin, and the respective fragments were then reattached utilizing different composite resins: in group 2_EI the hybrid composite Tetric EvoCeram (Ivoclar Vivadent AG) was used, in group 3_ZI the hybrid composite FiltekTM Z250 (3M ESPE) was used, and in group 4_SN the nanofilled composite FiltekTM Supreme (3M ESPE) was used. After reattachment, on each tooth were performed a chamfer on the buccal surface and an overcontour on the lingual surface along the fracture line, which were then filled with the composite resin corresponding to the respective group. Finally, all teeth were embedded in plaster blocks, and a force was applied on the buccal surface. RESULTS: All teeth in groups 2, 3, and 4 showed a significant loss of resistance to fracture compared to the teeth of the control group (P<0.0001). Resistance to fracture of the teeth belonging to groups 2_EI and 3_ZI was 37.35% and 47.35% of that of intact teeth respectively; in group 4_SN resistance to fracture reached 60.05%. Teeth of group 2 exhibited values of resistance to fracture statistically significant from those of group 4 (P=0.024), but no difference was found between group 2 and group 3 (P=0.298). The difference in resistance between group 3 and group 4 was not statistically significant (P=0.199). CONCLUSION: Static test showed that reattachment of coronal fragments do not restore resistance to fracture to the value of intact teeth. Resistance to fracture in in vitro studies is influenced by the type of composite resin utilised.
Asunto(s)
Resinas Compuestas/uso terapéutico , Recubrimiento Dental Adhesivo , Restauración Dental Permanente/métodos , Corona del Diente/lesiones , Fracturas de los Dientes/terapia , Animales , Bovinos , Análisis del Estrés Dental , Nanocompuestos/uso terapéutico , Distribución Aleatoria , Fracturas de los Dientes/prevención & controlRESUMEN
Different implant-abutment connections have been developed in the effort of reducing mechanical and biological failure. The most frequent complications are screw loosening, abutment or implant fracture and marginal bone loss due to overload and bacterial micro-leakage. Ideal connection should work as a one-piece implant avoiding the formation of a micro-gap at the implant-abutment interface. Different in vitro and in vivo researches have been published to compare the implant-abutment connections actually available: external hexagon, internal hexagon and conical finding different amount of micro-gap, micro-leakage and marginal bone loss. The aim of this article is to describe, according to the most recent literature, different kind of fixture-abutment connections and their clinical and mechanical advantages or disadvantages.