[Construction of terminology subsets: contributions to clinical nursing practice]. / Construção de subconjuntos terminológicos: contribuições à prática clínica do enfermeiro.

The International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®) is a classification system that unifies the elements of nursing practice (diagnoses, interventions and outcomes), enabling elucidation of elements of a specific nursing language through the construction of terminology subsets. In this reflective essay, aspects relevant to the construction of ICNP® terminology subsets are highlighted, as well as their contributions to clinical nursing practice. The development of subsets as a tool that contributes to making nursing language universal, facilitates the communication process, as well as the scientific and technological advancement of the profession, is discussed. Therefore, its use by nurses worldwide is encouraged.

[Pressure ulcers in the elderly: analysis of prevalence and risk factors]. / Ulcera por pressão em idosos institucionalizados: análise da prevalência e fatores de risco.

Studies on the prevalence of pressure ulcer and e.rperiences of living with elderly people with injuries during practice in long-stay institutions for the elderly have given rise to many concerns. This work aims to examine the prevalence and risk factors of pressure ulcer in the institutionalized elderly. This retrospective, quantitative study was held in a public long-stay institution for the elderly in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. The sample consisted of 300 medical records of elderly from 2006 to 9009. It was used for data collection form. All ethical guidelines were followed. The most prevalent risk factors were: stroke (60%) and hypertension (74.3%). The average prevalence of pressure ulcers in the period was 18.8%, rangingfrom 11.1% to 23.2%. The recommendations for the prevention of pressure ulcers include the development of a prevention program to promote active aging

[The meaning of old age and the aging experience of in the elderly]. / O significado da velhice e da experiência de envelhecer para os idosos.

The objective of the present study was to identify and analyze the meaning of old age and the experience of aging for elderly individuals living in the rural area of Ceará state. This descriptive, exploratory study was performed with 48 aged men and women, registered in the family health strategy of the rural zone of Ceara, in the first semester of 2005. The statements of the elderly revealed that old age brings many losses, mainly when they fall ill. They also reported, however, that, today, they are happy for the personal and material achievements, and for the family that they have. For the study group, the experience of aging and old age itself appeared to be a positive event when compared to myths and preconceptions of the urban environment.

[Perceptions of people about hypertension and concepts of Imogene King]. / Percepção de pessoas sobre a hipertensão arterial e conceitos de Imogene King.

As the discussion on cardiovascular diseases is a relevant matter, this paper aims to analyze the perceptions of a group of hypertensive people about their sickness process related to King's conceptual models of personal and interpersonal systems. This descriptive and exploitative study was developed in a reference unit in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, accepted by the Ethics Committee of Ceará State University Fifty hypertensive people participated (34 women and 16 men), ages 23 to 84. Results show fear of complications, satisfaction in adapting to treatment, dissatisfaction with the changes in their life style and resignation towards the disease. The nurse, seen as part of the initial assistance and in contrast with the insecurity shown by the patients, reveals the need of reflexion on the way patients are taken care.

[Scientific knowledge production in Nephrology Nursing]. / Produção do conhecimento científico de Enfermagem em Nefrologia.

This is a bibliographic research, with quantitative approach, that aimed to know the scientific production of theses and dissertations available in the database of the Center of Studies and Research in Nursing (CEPEn) and its applicability in the nursing area in nephrology. It was found 48 abstracts of theses and dissertations in the period from 1979 to 2007. The results point that these productions are concentrated in the Southeast and Southern regions of Brazil. Regarding the theoretical-methodological referential, the most frequent were: nursing assistance method and comprehensive approach; the investigated individuals were mostly the chronic renal patients. This thematic is still little investigated in the post-graduation stricto senso courses, however there are signs of expansion of the scientific studies in this area.

Chronic health conditions in adults: concept analysis.

This study aimed to define the concept of chronic health condition in adults as presented in literature. An evolutionary perspective of concept analysis was used, as presented by Rodgers, emphasizing the essential attributes, antecedents, consequences and related concepts. The adult's chronic health condition was presented by the characteristics of permanence, irreversibility, residual handicap, incurable and degenerative as essential attributes. The antecedents were: genetic heritage, old age, birth condition, smoking and foods with saturated fat; and, for the consequences: physical, social and psychological changes, handicaps and inabilities, life style changes, needs to adapt and cope. Related concepts were: not transmissible diseases, functional deficiency, limitations, illness or impairment for more than three months. Chronic health condition is a complex construction of concepts defined as a modifying force of the life process over time.

[The nursing process according to the view of nurses from a maternity]. / O processo de enfermagem sob a ótica das enfermeiras de uma maternidade.

The study aimed at knowing the meaning of the nursing process according to view of obstetric nurses. The research was carried in the first semester of 2005, in a reference maternity of Fortaleza-CE. The subjects were 32 nurses, in the obstetrics and gynecological attendance wards. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The identified thematic were: concepts on the nursing process; daily practical with the use of the process and obstacles for its implementation. We concluded that the nurses have knowledge on the process, but when analyzing the reality of the daily practical, some factors that make it difficult and that disable them to the implementation, as the time lack, quantitative of interned patients and the rotation of women in the puerperal time are pointed.

[Violence against the aged: documental analysis]. / Violência contra os idosos: análise documental.

The study aimed at analyzing the data of violence and mistreatments against the aged through the official documentation of an institution in the city of Fortaleza-CE. A documentary, retrospective study was carried out in an institution of reference of the State of the Ceara, officialized in denunciations of violence against the aged. Of 424 documents, in 284 (67%) the aged were abandoned. In relation to the aggressors, 207 (49%) were children of the victims. Amongst the types of violent are of mistreatments distributed between the recklessness, 161 (38%), the misappropriation of the retirement, 114 (27%), the verbal aggression, 79 (19%) and the physics with, 68 (16%). It was verified the importance of services directed toward this question, however it becomes basic that public politics focus the social paper of the aged one and privilege the care and the protection of this population parcel in its families and the institutions.

[The nursing process implementation: a post-partum case study]. / Aplicaçõ do Processo de Enfermagem: estudo de caso com uma puérpera.

The study aimed at implementing the nursing process for a post-partum woman with cardiomyopathy after cardiorespiratory arrest. We conducted a clinical case study, in an intensive care unit of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, in the period from September to October, 2005. The data were obtained after evaluation for elaboration of Nursing Diagnoses according to NANDA Taxonomy II, clinical judgment, intervention and goals. The nursing diagnoses found were: impaired verbal communication, decreased cardiac output, inefficient respiratory pattern, excessive volume of fluids, diarrhea, impaired physical mobility and deficit in selfcare. We highlighted the importance of the process as focus of the nurse's work in the clinic, in order to favor the patient's return to his family context as well as give credibility to the nurse's job.

[Aged victim of burns: identification of diagnosis and proposal of nursing interventions]. / Idoso vítima de queimaduras: identificação do diagnóstico e proposta de intervençõ de enfermagem.

This case study aimed at identifying the Nursing Diagnosis (ND) in agreement with the taxonomy II of the North-American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) of a patient victim of burning of 2nd e 3th degrees and to elaborate the nursing interventions. Eight ND were identified being five with the presence of defining characteristics and related factors (real), and three of risk. Intervention proposal was elaborated starting by the needs related to the vital and physiologic signs, the base of human basic needs hierarchy. Finally, it was observed the relevance of nursing process applicability in the implementation of care and its need in daily nursinga activitiies.

[Nursing care to elderly patients undergoing heart catheterization: a proposal according to the Adaptation Model of Calista Roy]. / Assistência de enfermagem a idosos que realizam cateterismo cardiaco: uma proposta a partir do en Modelo de Adaptagio de Calista Roy.

The study aimed at identifying the nursing diagnoses related to the psychological and social aspects of elderly patients undergoing cardiac catheterization, according to the Adaptation Theory of Calista Roy. It was developed in a cardiology unit in a hospital in Fortaleza, CE, from January to July, 2005. A semistructured interview was used, with 18 elderly patients, in pre-catheterization period. The analysis identified the nursing diagnoses: alteration in the maintenance of the health, anxiety fear and alteration in the family process. The nursing actions were: to create a trust climate for the aged before the exam; to listen and to respect feelings faiths and referring values to the situation; to guide the patient with relationships to the procedure. The use of this theory, allowed in recognizing that patients, by means of incentives, can unchain answers some positive times other negative times, fitting to the nurse to act as mediator

[Concept dimension for nursing and Deleuze]. / A dimensão do conceito em Deleuze e na enfermagem.

The study aimed at identifying and analyzing the meaning of concept according to Deleuze, in Philosophy, and Rodgers, in Nursing. Based on an extract of reality, Deleuze creates the concept and calls it "plan of immanence". For Rodgers, in nursing, the concept emerges at the actual moment one wishes to construct the conceptual bases for Nursing. The authors demonstrate that, although Deleuze and Rodgers come from different areas, the meaning they attribute to concept shares the happening of things and beings, which reflect the experienced reality. For Rodgers, the concept is characterized by its essential elements while, for Deleuze, by what he called components, that is, by essence.

Case management: evolution of the concept in the 80's and 90's.

Case Management is a term that is present in almost every American health care situation. It is mostly used to coordinate community services with satisfactory results for the patient within a certain period of time, with limited resources. Through time, it has been used for different purposes. The goal of this study was to show the historical evolution of case management as expressed by the American nursing literature, in the 80's and 90's, according to its use, meaning, and application, and following a theoretical framework for concept analysis. The data was extracted from two journals: "Nursing Management" and "Journal of Nursing Administration". The publications showed case management portrayed as a process that serves a common goal; where quality and cost of care were the prevalent and influential elements along time, and its practice focusing in a given population defined as of high risk and high cost for health care.

[Perspectives of research in gerontology and geriatrics: review of the literature]. / Perspectivas das pesquisas em gerontologia e geriatria: revisão da literatura.

This exploratory descriptive study aimed at identifying and analyzing the tendencies and perspectives regarding research in the areas of gerontology and geriatrics. Initially, authors completed a bibliographical review of the Lilac's Data Bank and publications from 1980 to 2000 found at the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing Library. Authors presented the results in tables and graphs, emphasizing the studies on geriatrics--54%. Regarding the approach, authors found, in the last decade (1990 to 2000), an increase of studies in the areas of Biology (32%), Human Resources (18%), Social (17%), Psychology (9.8%), Holism (4.0%), excepting Ethics that remained with the same rate in both periods (0.8%). With respect to the research type, the qualitative ones were predominant (49.2%). Thus, authors concluded that there is an increasing interest of professionals in the area due to the demographic and epidemiological transitions and also regarding the capacitation of human resources to work with the elderly.

[Implementation of the teaching-learning strategy for the chronic patient's family]. / Implementação da estratégia de ensino-aprendizagem à família de paciente crônico.

This study aims at implementing the teaching-learning strategy for families of patients in chronic conditions. It considers the importance of evaluating the needs and abilities of family members in order to prepare them to manage that situation appropriately, as well as to be able to provide adequate home care. A diagnostic evaluation of a family member/caretaker was conducted during the hospitalization of a patient with congestive cardiac insufficiency. During the diagnosis "knowledge deficit" was identified. Thus, a teaching plan was elaborated for such caretaker with the purpose of preparing him/her for home care. During implementation, formative evaluations were conducted with the purpose of learning about the efficacy of the strategies employed and the summative in the patient's home. The importance of nurses' resorting to the teaching-learning strategy in order to guide the family member/caretaker in the process of caring for people with chronic conditions was certified. The aim is promoting life, in spite of the disease, since the quality of such care will prevent aggravating recurrence and consequent re-hospitalizations.

[Teaching the aging process and old age in nursing graduation courses]. / O ensino sobre o processo de envelhecimento e velhice nos cursos de graduação em enfermagem.

This study aimed at unfolding how the teaching on the aging process and old age takes place in nursing undergraduate programs. Data were obtained by means of a questionnaire, which was completed by coordinators of the five existing nursing programs in the state of Ceará. Its theme is the content of a specific course in the program. Different techniques and strategies were used in order to learn what students' interests were and so to reach a better outcome in the teaching-learning situation. Students found such discussions relevant because these made them better prepared for entering a promising labor field; they stressed the high importance the discussions on that theme would have in other courses as well, aiming at providing a sound knowledge basis and at reaching excellence in patient care. We found that the courses surveyed try to raise interest in this knowledge field, promoting several opportunities for study and practice, and providing a new way to make opinions meet about growing old and old age.

[Nursing course of the State University of Ceara -- history and current political-pedagogical project]. / Curso de enfermagem da Universidade Estadual do Ceará--a história e o projeto político-pedagógico atual.

This paper describes important moments along the route of the Nursing Program at State University of Ceará and their influences on their current process of professional education. It outlines their program, their professors and students, as well as their political-pedagogical project. Finally, it highlights the importance of this instrument to warrant professional qualification.

[Health education: object of study in dissertations and theses by Brazillian nurses]. / Educação em saúde: objeto de estudo em dissertações e teses de enfermeiras no Brasil.

This study was aimed at surveying the quantity of dissertations and theses written by nurses on health education, identifying and analyzing their methodological steps. 17 Catalogs of Information about Research and Researchers from CEPEn/ABEn--published from 1979 to 1999--have been examined. The sample comprises 105 dissertations and 15 theses about the theme. Chronic diseases, pregnancy-puerperal cycle, health education, management and perisurgery situation have stood out as objects of study. The populations were adults, nursing professionals, women, children and adolescents. Interviewing was the most used technique. Authors indicated the need to improve educative practices and considered that health education motivates changes in lifestyle. It was concluded that there is a need to strengthen research into the everyday of Nursing in a historical and social context.

[Old age for adolescents: a social representations approach]. / Velhice para os adolescentes: abordagem das representações sociais.

Qualitative research, based on the Theory of Social Representations, which aimed to apprehend the social representations of teenagers in a public school and a private on ageing, and to compare them between these two groups. Participants were 60 adolescents, 30 from the private school and 30 from the public school, who responded to semi-structured interviews in the period May-June 2012. The collected data were subjected to content analysis techniques, from which emerged three categories, namely: representations of ageing, the treatment of the elderly, and the recognition of oneself as a subject in the aging process. The adolescents' social representations have showed negative and positive aspects in relation to old age, marked by the influence of socio-cultural aspects.

Old age and elderly people: social representations of adolescent students.

OBJECTIVE: to know the main elements of social representations about elderly people and old age among adolescents at a public high school. METHOD: 172 adolescents between 14 and 19 years of age participated. The free evocation of words technique was applied through the terms elderly and old age. RESULTS: The main elements of the representations significantly designed for elderly people were: respect and disrespect, 78; experience, 49; care, 32; wisdom, 23; fragility, 19. For old age: disease, 51; retirement, 27; experience, 27; wisdom, 19; wrinkles, 17. The social representations of adolescents are strongly marked by physical, psychological and social aspects, with positive and negative aspects about old age. CONCLUSION: Participatory health education activities are needed to make adolescents critically reflect on and the condition of elderly people in contemporary society.