Primary Duodenal Aspergillosis in Poorly Controlled Diabetes: A Rare Entity.

Aspergillosis mostly involves the lung and sinuses in severely immunocompromised patients like those with hematological malignancies, postorgan transplants, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and secondary to chemotherapeutic agents. Duodenal aspergillosis is very rare and mostly occurs as a part of disseminated disease or in classical immunosuppressive conditions. We report a middle-aged female with uncontrolled diabetes who presented to us with epigastric pain and was finally diagnosed as a case of primary duodenal aspergillosis. Diabetes mellitus should also be kept as one of the predisposing conditions for it, and a high index of suspicion should be kept for it to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Case Report: An Unreported Presentation of Lemmel Syndrome Highlighting Diagnostic Challenges of Duodenal Masses.

We present a case involving a 67-year-old patient with a medical history of gastric bypass who was recently diagnosed with a 6-centimeter duodenal mass causing biliary duct stenosis. Despite our best efforts, we were unable to access this tumor endoscopically, necessitating surgical intervention. During the surgical exploration, we discovered a duodenal diverticulum filled with stones, leading to the obstruction of the biliary ductâ?"a manifestation of Lemmel syndrome. This rare condition is characterized by obstructive jaundice in the absence of choledocholithiasis or tumors and is secondary to dilatation of peri-ampullary diverticula. While it is typically managed through endoscopy, our diagnostic and therapeutic approach was complicated by the patient's history of bariatric surgery (gastric bypass), making endoscopic access impossible despite our multiple attempts. This case report sheds light on the challenges posed by the concurrence of a rare pathology and surgically modified anatomy, which is increasingly encountered in daily surgical practice. In such situations, exploratory surgery continues to play a significant role.

Brunner's gland hamartomas: Not always benign.

Brunner's gland hamartoma (BGH) is a rare, benign tumor of the duodenum. It is mostly asymptomatic and usually found incidentally on routine esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). However, some BGHs present with major complications including anemia, bleeding, obstruction, or dysplasia, requiring management and resection of these lesions. Herein, we present two cases of large BGHs of the duodenum, one presenting as severe gastrointestinal bleeding and the other, noted on EGD for iron deficiency anemia, found to have high grade dysplasia. This literature review discusses the rare serious complications of BGH, including iron deficiency anemia, overt gastrointestinal bleeding, and malignant potential.

A rare cause of intestinal obstruction: right paraduodenal hernia.

Internal herniation is an extremely rare cause of intestinal obstruction. Paraduodenal hernias result from abnormal rotation of the bowel. Symptoms that may range from recurrent abdominal pain to acute obstruction may occur. If it is not diagnosed and treated in time, the disease may result in intestinal ischemia. This article aimed to present the diagnosis and treatment process of a 47-year-old male presenting with acute abdomen symptoms by evaluating retrospectively with the accompaniment of literature. During the abdominal exploration of the patient, nearly all of the intestines were observed to be herniated from the right paraduodenal region to the posterior area. The opening of the hernial sac was repaired primarily by reducing the intestinal bowel loops into the intraperitoneal region. The patient undergoing anastomosis by performing resection of the ischemic part after reduction of herniated bowel loops was discharged uneventfully on the post-operative 10th day. Paraduodenal hernia is a condition that should be considered in patients with abdominal pain and intestinal obstruction symptoms. Early diagnosis is of vital importance to prevent the complications which can develop.

[Primary aortoduodenal fistula - a rare cause of life-threatening upper gastrointestinal bleeding]. / Primär aortoduodenal fistel.

Primary aortoduodenal fistula is a rare condition caused mainly by a bulging infra-renal aortic aneurysm with subsequent erosion of the duodenum and formation of a fistula. We present a patient who suffered from a herald upper gastrointestinal bleeding followed by circulo-respiratory collapse only hours after, due to bleeding from the fistula. The mortality is reported to be 100 %, requiring emergency EVAR or open aortic graft repair to control any further bleeding.

Resección duodenal distal: análisis de nuestra experiencia con una cirugía infrecuente / Distal duodenal resection: analysis of our experience with infrequent surgery

Resumen Introducción: La resección duodenal distal (RDD) es una técnica quirúrgica compleja e infrecuente usada para el tratamiento de patologías duodenales o extraduodenales, que no comprometen la papila duodenal mayor, siendo su indicación más frecuente la patología neoplásica. Objetivo: Dar a conocer nuestra experiencia con esta técnica quirúrgica. Materiales y Método: Serie de pacientes sometidos a RDD entre 2009-2020 en el Hospital Clínico UC. Resultados: Total 12 pacientes, mediana de edad 56 años. Diagnóstico preoperatorio: tumores primarios duodenales (4), tumores con compromiso duodenal por contigüidad (5) y patologías de urgencia (3). El abordaje fue abierto en 9 pacientes y laparoscópico en 3 (1 caso convertido). En 9 pacientes se resecó D3-D4, en 1 paciente incluyó parte de D2 y en 2, sólo D4. La anastomosis duodenoyeyunal fue manual en 10 casos, todas con ascenso transmesocólico del asa yeyunal. Hubo 33% (n: 4) de morbilidad, todos Clavien Dindo II y 8% de mortalidad (n: 1). No hubo filtración de la anastomosis duodenoyeyunal. En el seguimiento ninguno presentó complicaciones y 4 pacientes fallecieron por progresión oncológica. Conclusión: La principal indicación quirúrgica fue patología neoplásica y en nuestra serie no hubo morbilidad mayor ni filtración anastomótica.

Introduction: Distal duodenal resection is a complex and infrequent surgical technique used for the treatment of duodenal or extraduodenal pathologies that do not compromise the greater duodenal papilla, the most frequent indication being the neoplastic cause. Aim: To publicize our experience with this surgical technique. Materials and Method: Series of patients undergoing a distal duodenal resection between 2009-2020 at the UC Clinical Hospital. Results: Total 12 patients, median age 56 years. Preoperative diagnosis: primary duodenal tumors (4), tumors with duodenal involvement due to contiguity (5), and emergency pathologies (3). The approach was open in 9 patients and laparoscopic in 3 (1 converted). D3-D4 was resected in 10 patients, 1 included part of D2 and 2 only D4. The duodenojejunal anastomosis was manual in 10 cases, all with transmesocolic ascending of the jejunal loop. There were 33% (n: 4) morbidity, all Clavien Dindo II, and 8% mortality (n: 1). There was no leakage of the duodenojejunal anastomosis. During followup, none presented complications and 4 patients died of oncological progression. Conclusion: The main surgical indication was neoplastic pathology and in our series, there was no major morbidity or anastomotic leak.

Hematoma duodenal posvideoendoscopia digestiva alta para diagnóstico de enfermedad de injerto contra huésped en pediatría: a propósito de dos casos / Duodenal hematoma after upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in pediatric graft vs host disease: Report of two cases

La enfermedad de injerto contra huésped es una complicación grave que se presenta después del trasplante de médula ósea, con morbilidad y mortalidad elevadas. El patrón de oro para evaluar su compromiso gastrointestinal es la endoscopia digestiva alta y baja con toma de biopsia. El desarrollo de hematoma duodenal intramural es una complicación poco frecuente asociada con este procedimiento .Se presentan dos casos de hematoma duodenal intramural posendoscopia en pacientes con trasplante y sospecha de enfermedad injerto contra huésped que presentaron un cuadro agudo de dolor abdominal y sangrado intestinal. El diagnóstico se realizó por tomografía y recibieron tratamiento conservador, con un resultado favorable. En ambos casos, el diagnóstico de enfermedad injerto contra huésped gastrointestinal se hizo a través de las biopsias colónicas con histología duodenal normal, lo que sugiere evitar la toma de muestras duodenales para prevenir esta grave complicación en pacientes de alto riesgo y, de este modo, disminuir la morbilidad.

Graft versus host disease is a serious complication that occurs following bone marrow transplant with significant morbidity and mortality. The gold standard to diagnose gastrointestinal graft versus host disease is upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy with histological validation. The development of intramural duodenal hematoma is a rare complication associated with this procedure. We present two cases of intramural duodenal haematoma after duodenal biopsies in bone marrow transplant patients that presented clinically with severe abdominal pain and intestinal bleeding. In both cases, CT scans confirmed the diagnosis and they were treated conservatively with favorable outcomes.Final diagnosis of gastrointestinal graft versus host disease was based on the colonic samples with normal duodenal histoarchitecture, which could lead to avoiding duodenal samples in future patients in order to prevent this serious complication and thus diminish morbidity.

CARACTERIZAÇÃO DAS ENDOSCOPIAS DIGESTIVAS ALTAS REALIZADAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE MOSSORÓ-RN / CHARACTERIZATION OF HIGH DIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPIES PERFORMED IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF MOSSORÓ-RN

Objetivou-se caracterizar as EDA realizadas na Comunidade de Saúde de Mossoró, RN, no período de 2008 a 2013, definindo a taxa de exames normais e a prevalência dos principais achados sugestivos de patologias digestivas. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e retrospectivo, no qual se analisou 10311 laudos de EDA. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas pelo SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versão 20.0), com nível de confiança95% e um p < 0,05, utilizando-se testes Qui-quadrado. Pelos dados levantados, constatamos que a EDA é um exame prático e seguro, com raríssimas complicações, sendo a agitação e a presença de alimento no estômago as limitações mais comuns. Na análise descritiva geral observou-se que a maioria dos exames foi realizada no gênero feminino, formando mais de 70% da amostra total. A faixa etária predominante, independente do gênero, foi 41 a 60 anos. As patologias frequentes no segmento esofágico foram as Esofagites. No segmento gástrico, a maior frequência de achados foram as Gastrites, que são mais frequentes com o avançar da idade. Na Transição Gastroduodenal, as úlceras de Canal Pilórico são os achados mais descritos, mas observamos também modestos achados de duodenites. No duodeno, os principais achados foram úlceras duodenais, seguidas pelas duodenites e sinais de atrofia. Portanto, as EDA são mais realizadas no gênero feminino, mas apresentam maior percentual de exames normais, sendo a maior frequência de achados encontrada no gênero masculino. Assim, após analisar as 10.311 EDA, é possível prever os achados mais comuns encontrados a EDA.

This study aimed to characterize the EDA held in Mossoro Health Community, RN, from 2008 to 2013, setting the rate of normal examinations and the prevalence of the main findings suggestive of digestive pathologies. It is a cross-sectional retrospective study, which analyzed 10,311 reports of EDA. Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 20.0), with a confidence level 95% and p <0.05, using chi-square tests. Raised by the data, we found that EDA is a practical and safe exam, with very few complications, agitation and presence of food in the stomach the most common limitations. In general descriptive analysis it was observed that most of the exams was held in females, forming more than 70% of the total sample. The predominant age group, regardless of gender, was 41-60 years. The frequent pathologies in esophageal segment were Esophagitis. Gastric segment, the highest frequency of findings were Gastritis, which are more common with advancing age. Gastroduodenal in Transition, the Channel Pyloric ulcers are the most described findings, but also observed modest findings of duodenitis. In the duodenum, the main findings were duodenal ulcers, followed by duodenitis and signs of atrophy. Therefore, the EDA are more performed in females, but have a higher percentage of normal results, with the highest frequency of findings found in males. So after analyzing 10,311 EDA, it is possible to predict the most common findings EDA.

Duodenal pathologies in children: a single-center experience / Patologias duodenais em crianças: experiência de único centro

Abstract Objective Several studies have been performed concerning pathologies of the stomach and esophagus in the pediatric age group. However, there have been very few studies of duodenal pathologies in children. The authors aimed to examine the clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological characteristics, as well as the etiology of duodenal pathologies in children. Method Patients aged between 1 and 17 years undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy during two years at this unit, were investigated retrospectively. Demographic, clinical, endoscopic data, and the presence of duodenal pathologies, gastritis, and esophagitis were recorded in all of the children. Results Out of 747 children who underwent endoscopy, duodenal pathology was observed in 226 (30.3%) patients. Pathology was also present in the esophagus in 31.6% of patients and in the stomach in 58.4%. The level of chronic diarrhea was higher in patients with duodenal pathology when compared with those without duodenal pathology (p = 0.002, OR: 3.91, 95% CI: 1.59-9.57). Helicobacter pylori infection was more common in patients with pathology in the duodenum (59.3%). Conclusion Duodenal pathology was detected in 30.3% of the present patients. A significantly higher level of chronic diarrhea was observed in subjects with duodenal pathologies compared to those with no such pathology. The rate of Helicobacter pylori infection was considerably higher than that in previous studies. In addition, there is a weak correlation between endoscopic appearance and histology of duodenitis.

Resumo Objetivo Foram feitos vários estudos com relação a patologias do estômago e esôfago na faixa etária pediátrica. Contudo, poucos estudos das patologias duodenais em crianças. Visamos a examinar as características clínicas, endoscópicas e histopatológicas, juntamente com a etiologia, das patologias duodenais em crianças. Método Foram investigados retrospectivamente pacientes entre 1 e 17 anos submetidos a esofagogastroduodenoscopia durante dois anos em nossa unidade. Os dados demográficos, clínicos e endoscópicos e a presença de patologias duodenais, gastrite e esofagite foram registrados com relação a todas as crianças. Resultados Das 747 crianças submetidas a endoscopia, 226 (30,3%) apresentaram patologia duodenal. A patologia também esteve presente no esôfago de 31,6% dos pacientes e no estômago de 58,4%. O nível de diarreia crônica foi maior nos pacientes com patologia duodenal, em comparação com os pacientes sem patologia duodenal (p = 0,002, RC: 3,91, IC de 95%: 1,59-9,57). Infecção por Helicobacter pylori foi mais comum em pacientes com patologia no duodeno (59,3%). Conclusão Foi detectada patologia duodenal em 30,3% de nossos pacientes. Um nível significativamente maior de diarreia crônica foi observado em indivíduos com patologias duodenais, em comparação aos sem patologia. A infecção por Helicobacter pylori esteve presente consideravelmente maior do que em estudos anteriores. Além disso, há uma fraca correlação entre a imagem endoscópica e a histologia de duodenite.

Divertículo duodenal simulando neoplasia quística de páncreas / Duodenal diverticulum as a cystis neoplasm of pancreas

Resumen Objetivo: El divertículo duodenal se presenta con una frecuencia del 1 al 23% según series radiológicas y de autopsias. La localización más frecuente es la segunda porción duodenal cercana a la cabeza pancreática, por lo cual puede ser confundido con neoplasias pancreáticas quísticas. Material y Método: Presentamos un paciente con diagnóstico de sospecha radiológica, mediante ecoendoscopia y punción aspiración con aguja fina (PAAF), de neoplasia mucinosa de páncreas que fue intervenido, encontrándose un endurecimiento de la cabeza pancreática y un divertículo duodenal yuxtavateriano, realizándose extirpación en bloque ante la sospecha de malignidad. Resultado: El posoperatorio del paciente fue favorable y el resultado anatomopatológico del tejido pancreático informó de tejido pancreático sin anomalías y divertículo duodenal. Discusión: El diagnóstico diferencial preoperatorio del divertículo duodenal con la neoplasia mucinosa quística de páncreas es muy complejo, ya que la punción del líquido del interior del divertículo puede ser similar al de un proceso neoplásico mucinoso pancreático. Ante la sospecha diagnóstica y la presencia de clínica está indicado realizar laparotomía exploradora, para obtener un diagnóstico de certeza.

Objective: The duodenal diverticulum presents with a frequency of 1 to 23% according to radiological series and autopsies. The most frequent localization is the second duodenal portion near the pancreatic head so it may be confused with cystic pancreatic neoplasms. Material and Method: We present a patient with diagnosis of radiological suspicion by means of echoendoscopy and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of a mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas that was intervened, being a hardening of the pancreatic head and a duodenal juxtavaterian diverticulum, being performed a block removal on suspicion of malignancy. Result: The patient's postoperative period was favorable and the anatomopathological result of the pancreatic tissue was of pancreatic tissue without anomalies and duodenal diverticulum. Discussion: The preoperative differential diagnosis of duodenal diverticulum with mucinous cystic neoplasia of the pancreas is very complex, since the puncture of the fluid inside the diverticulum may be similar to that of a neoplastic process of the pancreatic mucin. Before the suspected diagnosis and the presence of clinic is indicated to perform exploratory laparotomy, to obtain a diagnosis of certainty.

Helicobacter pylori infection in family members of patients with gastroduodenal symptoms. A cross-sectional analytical study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Primary Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is acquired predominantly in childhood in the family setting. We aimed to investigate the presence of intrafamilial concurrent H. pylori infection. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional analytical study with a control group, conducted in a tertiary care hospital. METHODS: Fifty adult patients with gastroduodenal symptoms who underwent gastroscopy (index parents), their spouses and their children were enrolled in the study. Blood samples were collected from all of the study subjects to test for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody response. H. pylori antigen was investigated in the stool specimens of children only. RESULTS: The participants were divided into two groups: Group 1 consisted of the 40 patients in whom H. pylori infection was demonstrated via endoscopy, their spouses and their children. Group 2 included the remaining 10 patients who underwent endoscopy revealing negative results for H. pylori, their spouses and their children. IgG antibodies were present in all of the index parents, 95% of their spouses and 93% of their children in group 1; 13 of the children (9%) were also positive for H. pylori stool antigen (HpSA). However, IgG antibodies were present in only 2 of the 10 index parents in group 2. One of their spouses and one of their children had a positive antibody response. All of their children had negative stool antigen test results. CONCLUSION: H. pylori infections exhibit intrafamilial clustering. Parental infection, age ≥ years and having three or more siblings are the major risk factors for H. pylori infection in children.

Upper gastrointestinal alterations in kidney transplant candidates / Alterações digestivas altas em candidatos a transplante renal

ABSTRACT Introduction: The incidence of gastrointestinal disorders among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is high, despite the lack of a good correlation between endoscopic findings and symptoms. Many services thus perform upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy on kidney transplant candidates. Objectives: This study aims to describe the alterations seen on the upper endoscopies of 96 kidney-transplant candidates seen from 2014 to 2015. Methods: Ninety-six CKD patients underwent upper endoscopic examination as part of the preparation to receive kidney grafts. The data collected from the patients' medical records were charted on Microsoft Office Excel 2016 and presented descriptively. Mean values, medians, interquartile ranges and 95% confidence intervals of the clinic and epidemiological variables were calculated. Possible associations between endoscopic findings and infection by H. pylori were studied. Results: Males accounted for 54.17% of the 96 patients included in the study. Median age and time on dialysis were 50 years and 50 months, respectively. The most frequent upper endoscopy finding was enanthematous pangastritis (57.30%), followed by erosive esophagitis (30.20%). Gastric intestinal metaplasia and peptic ulcer were found in 8.33% and 7.30% of the patients, respectively. H. pylori tests were positive in 49 patients, and H. pylori infection was correlated only with non-erosive esophagitis (P = 0.046). Conclusion: Abnormal upper endoscopy findings were detected in all studied patients. This study suggested that upper endoscopy is a valid procedure for kidney transplant candidates. However, prospective studies are needed to shed more light on this matter.

RESUMO Introdução: A incidência de doenças gastrointestinais altas em pacientes com doença renal crônica é elevada, porém não há boa correlação entre achados endoscópicos e sintomas. Assim, muitos serviços preconizam a realização de Endoscopia Digestiva Alta (EDA) nos candidatos a transplante renal. Objetivos: Descrever alterações endoscópicas presentes em 96 candidatos a transplante renal no período de 2014 a 2015. Métodos: Noventa e seis pacientes renais crônicos submetidos à EDA como preparo para transplante renal. Prontuários médicos dos pacientes foram revisados, os dados tabulados no programa Microsoft Office Excel 2016 e apresentados de maneira descritiva. Calculou-se média, mediana, intervalo interquartílico e intervalo de confiança de 95% das variáveis utilizadas. Alterações endoscópicas foram apresentadas quanto ao número, intervalo de confiança e valor de P, e correlacionadas com a presença ou ausência de infecção por Helicobacter pylori. Resultados: Dos 96 pacientes, 54,17% eram homens e 45,83% mulheres. As medianas de idade e tempo em diálise foram 50 anos e 50 meses, respectivamente. O achado mais comum na EDA foi pangastrite enantematosa (57,30%), seguida de esofagite erosiva (30,20%). Metaplasia intestinal gástrica e úlcera péptica foram encontradas em 8,33% e 7,30% dos pacientes, respectivamente. Pesquisa para H. pylori foi positiva em 49 pacientes, e somente houve correlação entre infecção por H. pylori e esofagite não erosiva (P = 0,046). Conclusão: Afecções gastrointestinais foram detectadas em todos os pacientes estudados. Os achados deste estudo sugerem que a realização de EDA em candidatos a receber transplante renal é desejável. Entretanto, estudos prospectivos são necessários para responder a esta questão.

Síndrome de Rapunzel (tricobezoar gástrico con extensión a duodeno y yeyuno): a propósito de un caso / Rapunzel syndrome (gastric trichobezoar extending into duodenum and jejunum): report of a case

El síndrome de Rapunzel, corresponde a un raro fenómeno con pocos casos comunicados y descritos en la literatura mundial. Así pues, compartimos un nuevo caso. Se trata de paciente femenino de 6 años de edad, que consulta por presentar desde hace 2 meses crisis de epigastralgia, vómitos a repetición y pérdida de peso. Su sintomatología ha empeorado en la última semana y refiere sensación de masa en epigastrio. Como antecedente importante tricofagia de dos años de evolución. Al examen se palpa masa epigástrica alargada. Al ecosonograma abdominal se aprecia en epigastrio, en la zona que corresponde a la cámara gástrica, una línea hiperecogénica, curvilínea, discretamente heterogénea, que produce sombra acústica completa, sugestivo de masa ecogénica de más de 5 cm de longitud . La radiología de estómago muestra una imagen de defecto que se extiende desde el cuerpo hasta la región antropilórica, de 6 x 4 cms. La Videogastroscopia muestra una concreción de pelos (tricobezoar), que se extiende a través del píloro. El 26-02-2009 es intervenida quirúrgicamente, se realiza gastrostomía con extracción de tricobezoar que se extiende a través del duodeno hasta el yeyuno. En ocasiones el tricobezoar se extiende más allá del estómago, alcanzando duodeno, yeyuno, ileon, e incluso colon, dándosele entonces, el nombre de Síndrome de Rapunzel...

The Rapunzel syndrome is a rare condition with few cases reported and described in the literature. Thus, WE SHARE a new case. Is a 6 years old female patient who went to consult because she had had from 2 months ago epigastralgia`s crisis, vomits and regurgitation, and lost of weight. Her symptomatology has gotten worst in the last week and refers a sensation of a mass in the epigastrium. As an important background she had had trichophagia of two years evolution. An elongated epigastric mass is felt on examination. The abdominal echosonogram shows a hyperechoic curvilinear line, discretely heterogeneous, in the epigastrium, specifically, in the gastric zone, which produces a complete acoustic shadow allusive of echogenic mass of more than 5 cm. of length. The stomach radiography shows a defect image of 6 x 4 cm. that extends from the body to the antro-pyloric region. The video-gastroscopy reveals a hair concretion (trichophagia) that extends through the pylorus. On February 26, 2009 the patient underwent surgical intervention, a gastrostomy with extraction of the trichobezoar that expands through the duodenum to the jejunum. In occasions the trichobezoar extends beyond the stomach reaching to the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and even colon, that's when it's called Rapunzel Syndrome...

Obstruction of the duodenum by a preduodenal portal vein in situs inversus

Mirror image transposition of abdominal and thoracic viscera is termed situs inversus. Duodenal obstruction in situs inversus is rare. A preduodenal portal vein, though not uncommon in situs inversus, rarely causes duodenal obstruction. Where obstruction by a preduodenal portal vein is diagnosed, a duodeno-duodenostomy is the recommended treatment. A duodenal diaphragm and other more common causes of duodenal obstruction should also be excluded in these patients.

Prevalence of celiac disease in dyspeptic patients

RACIONAL: A doença celíaca, uma das mais comuns enteropatias inflamatórias mediadas por um componente da dieta, ocorre em resposta à intolerância ao glúten nos indivíduos geneticamente predispostos. Com a disponibilidade dos exames sorológicos, essa enfermidade tem se mostrado mais freqüente que no passado, contudo seu diagnóstico ainda é, habitualmente, tardio. A pesquisa de intolerância ao glúten em pacientes com sintomas dispépticos, possível manifestação clínica da doença celíaca, pode permitir uma detecção mais precoce dos indivíduos afetados. OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência de doença celíaca em pacientes dispépticos submetidos a endoscopia digestiva alta de rotina.PACIENTES/MÉTODOS: Achados endoscópicos, análise histológica da mucosa duodenal e resultado de testes sorológicos de 142 pacientes consecutivos com dispepsia foram obtidos entre outubro de 2001 e outubro de 2003, e comparados. RESULTADOS: O padrão endoscópico sugestivo de doença celíaca foi encontrado em quatro pacientes. O teste IgG-AGA foi positivo em 24 pacientes. Dois dos pacientes IgG-AGA positivos também apresentaram teste IgA-EMA positivo e padrão endoscópico e histológico duodenal compatíveis com doença celíaca. Alterações endoscópicas duodenais foram expressivamente mais evidentes nestes pacientes. A prevalência de doença celíaca observada neste estudo foi de 1,4%. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes dispépticos, por sua elevada prevalência de doença celíaca, são um grupo de maior risco para essa patologia. Celíacos sem diagnóstico prévio podem ser identificados através de marcadores endoscópicos de atrofia vilositária duodenal. Entretanto, essas alterações endoscópicas podem ser insuficientes para que o diagnóstico seja estabelecido e, conseqüentemente, deve ser recomendada a inclusão de testes sorológicos para doença celíaca na investigação dos pacientes com dispepsia.

Divertículo de la tercera porción del duodeno: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Diverticulum in the third portion of the duodenum: case report and review of the literature

Introducción: el duodeno representa el segundo sitio más común de desarrollo de divertículos, después del colon. Se encuentran generalmente a 2,5 cm de la ampolla de Vater o en la primera porción duodenal, en casos relativamente raros, se presentan en la tercera y cuarta porción duodenal. Objetivo: presentación de un caso de divertículo en tercera porción duodenal, así como también la metodología diagnóstica y terapéutica para resolverlo. Discusión: el diagnóstico clínico de los divertículos duodenales presenta dificultad debido a que no existe una presentación clínica característica. Sólo el 10% y 25% de los pacientes son sintomáticos. Las manifestaciones clínicas se desarrollan por las complicaciones de las diverticulitis. El diagnóstico se basa en los estudios contrastados como las seriadas esofagogastroduodenales, TAC multicorte, así como también, la realización de una endoscopía, deben contribuir a un diagnóstico acertado. El tratamiento quirúrgico de los divertículos asintomático en pacientes adultos no está justificado, mientras que en el paciente con síntomas el criterio es quirúrgico para evitar complicaciones como: hemorragia, perforación, diverticulitis, pancreatitis y obstrucción. Conclusión: el tratamiento de los divertículos duodenales varía según el tipo, localización y extensión del proceso inflamatorio. La cirugía se encuentra reservada en un 1 al 3% de los pacientes con divertículos duodenales en tercera porción, considerando aquellos enfermos con dolor abdominal persistente o complicaciones asociadas a la diverticulitis.

Introduction: The duodenum is the second most common site of diverticula development after the colon. They are usually found to 2.5 cm of the ampulla of Vater or the first part of the duodenum, in relatively rare cases, occur in the third and fourth duodenal portion. Objective: A case of duodenal diverticulum in the third portion, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic methodology to solve it. Discussion: The diagnosis of duodenal diverticula have difficulty because there is no characteristic clinical presentation. Only 10% and 25% of patients are symptomatic. The clinical manifestatiions are developed by the complications of diverticulitis. The diagnosis is bases on serial contrast studies such as upper GI, multislice CT, and also carrying out an endoscopy, should contribute to an accurate diagnosis. Surgical treatment of asymptomatic diverticula in adult patients is not justified, whereas in patients with symptoms on surgical approach is to avoid complications such as bleeding, perforation, diverticulitis, pancreatitis and obstruction. Conclusion: The treatment of duodenal diverticula varies according to the type, location and extent of the inflammatory process. Surgery is reserved on a 1 to 3% of patients with duodenal diverticula in the third portin, whereas those patients with persistent abdominal pain or complications associated with diverticulitis.

Divertículo intraluminal do duodeno: relato de caso / Intraluminal diverticulum of the duodenum: a case report

Os autores apresentam um caso de divertículo intraluminal do duodeno em uma paciente de 44 anos de idade, com sintomas escassos e incaracterísticos. O diagnóstico radiológico foi confirmado à cirurgia e houve controle pós-operatório. A anomalia, uma forma rara de duplicação, com diagnóstico radiológico unicamente pelo exame baritado convencional pré-operatório, consiste de uma estrutura em "fundo de saco", revestida de ambos os lados por mucosa normal, projetando-se na luz do duodeno. Após a revisão da literatura, os autores tecem considerações acerca do diagnóstico.

The authors present a case of intraluminal diverticulum of duodenum in a 44-year-old female with poor and uncharacteristic symptoms. The radiological diagnosis was confirmed by surgery. The patient was also followed up after surgery. This anomaly, a rare form of duplication, consists of a "pocket-like" structure lined on both sides by duodenal mucosa projecting into the duodenal lumen.