Design of resonance Rayleigh scattering and spectrofluorimetric methods for the determination of the antihistaminic drug, hydroxyzine, based on its interaction with 2,4,5,7-tetraiodofluorescein: Evaluation of analytical eco-scale and greenness/whiteness algorithms.

In this work, two validated approaches were used for estimating hydroxyzine HCl for the first time using resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) and spectrofluorimetric techniques. The suggested approaches relied on forming an association complex between hydroxyzine HCl and 2,4,5,7-tetraiodofluorescein (erythrosin B) reagent in an acidic media. The quenching in the fluorescence intensity of 2,4,5,7-tetraiodofluorescein by hydroxyzine at 551.5 nm (excitation = 527.5 nm) was used for determining the studied drug by the spectrofluorimetric technique. The RRS approach is based on amplifying the RRS spectrum at 348 nm upon the interaction of hydroxyzine HCl with 2,4,5,7-tetraiodofluorescein. The spectrofluorimetric methodology and the RRS methodology produced linear results within ranges of 0.15-1.5 µg ml-1 and 0.1-1.2 µg ml-1, respectively. LOD values for these methods were determined to be 0.047 µg ml-1 and 0.033 µg ml-1, respectively. The content of hydroxyzine HCl in its pharmaceutical tablet was estimated using the developed procedures with acceptable recoveries. Additionally, the application of four greenness and whiteness algorithms shows that they are superior to the previously reported method in terms of sustainability, economics, analytical performance, and practicality.

Dextrin-assisted gel electromembrane extraction of chiral drugs: Improving the extraction efficiency and investigation of enantioselectivity of extraction.

The present study investigates the use of dextrins (maltodextrin, ß-cyclodextrin, and hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin) to improve the efficiency of the agarose-based gel electromembrane extraction technique for extracting chiral basic drugs (citalopram, hydroxyzine, and cetirizine). Additionally, it examines the enantioselectivity of the extraction process for these drugs. To achieve these, dextrins were incorporated into either the sample solution, the membrane, or the acceptor solution, and then the extraction procedure was performed. Enantiomers were separated and analyzed using a capillary electrophoresis device equipped with a UV detector. The results obtained under the optimal extraction conditions (sample solution pH: 4.0, acceptor solution pH: 2.0, gel membrane pH: 3.0, agarose concentration: 3 % w/v, stirring rate: 1000 rpm, gel thickness: 4.4 mm, extraction voltage: 62.3 V, and extraction time: 32.1 min) indicated that incorporating dextrins into either the sample solution, membrane or the acceptor solution enhances extraction efficiency by 17.3-23.1 %. The most significant increase was observed when hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin was added to the acceptor solution. The findings indicated that the inclusion of hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin in the sample solution resulted in an enantioselective extraction, yielding an enantiomeric excess of 6.42-7.14 %. The proposed method showed a linear range of 5.0-2000 ng/mL for enantiomers of model drugs. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for all enantiomers were found to be < 4.5 ng/mL and <15.0 ng/mL, respectively. Intra- and inter-day RSDs (n = 4) were less than 10.8 %, and the relative errors were less than 3.2 % for all the enantiomers. Finally, the developed method was successfully applied to determine concentrations of enantiomers in a urine sample with relative recoveries of 96.8-99.2 %, indicating good reliability of the developed method.

The Effect of Temperament on Outcomes of Opioid and Non-Opioid Pediatric Dental Sedation.

Purpose: To assess oral sedation success using midazolam and hydroxyzine with and without meperidine, and to assess the relationship between child temperament and sedation outcomes. Methods: This study recruited children between the ages of 36 and 95 months who were randomly assigned to receive dental treatment with an oral sedation regimen of midazolam (0.5 mg/kg) and hydroxyzine (1.0 mg/kg) with or without meperidine (1.5 mg/kg). Data were collected from the treatment log and electronic health records. Parents completed the Child Behavior Questionnaire Short Form (CBQ-SF) to assess temperament. Results: The study included 37 participants. The overall treatment success rate was 54 percent. There were no significant differences in sedation outcome with age, sex, insurance status, sedation regimen, isolation method or duration of procedure. Children with high pre-operative Frankl behavioral ratings were more likely to have a successful sedation outcome (P <0.01). Children who displayed high soothability experienced higher rates of success (P =0.04), which was more pronounced in the non-opioid group (P <0.01). Conclusion: The study showed low rates of success for a relatively small sample size. There was no difference in sedation success between the opioid group and non-opioid group. However, pre-procedure behavior and temperament characteristic of sooth- ability may warrant more exploration as predictors of sedation success.

Psychiatric comorbidities and prescribing tendencies of sleep medications and related medications in young people with insomnia: a United States commercial claims-based analysis.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To characterize children and youth newly diagnosed with insomnia and to describe their use of sleep and other related prescription medications. METHODS: Within a commercial claims database (January 1, 2016-December 31, 2021), we identified children and youth (2-24 years) with a newly recorded insomnia diagnosis (G47.0x; F51.0x) and examined psychiatric diagnoses in the prior 6 months. We evaluated sleep and related prescription medications dispensed in the week after new insomnia diagnoses (i.e. trazodone, other antidepressants, hydroxyzine, alpha-agonists, benzodiazepines, non-benzodiazepine hypnotics "z-drugs," antipsychotics, and others). Analyses were stratified by age and psychiatric comorbidities. RESULTS: Among 68 698 children and 108 118 older youth (18-24 years) with a new insomnia diagnosis, three-quarters had a diagnosed comorbid psychiatric condition; anxiety disorders, depression, and ADHD were the most common. Among those without comorbid psychiatric diagnoses, 20.2% of children and 37.4% of older youth had a sleep or related medication dispensed in the following week. In children without a comorbid psychiatric diagnosis, alpha-agonists, hydroxyzine, and trazodone were the most common medications; in older youth, trazodone was the most common medication followed by hydroxyzine, z-drugs, and SSRIs. Sleep and related prescription medications were more commonly dispensed to those with psychiatric comorbidities. From 2017 to 2021, there was an increase in hydroxyzine prescriptions following a new insomnia diagnosis and decline in z-drug and benzodiazepine prescriptions. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings from a nationwide sample of young people with insomnia highlight the high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities and variety of sleep and related medications they receive. Characterizing prescribing tendencies informs guideline development and future research.

Psychotherapeutic and pharmacological agents for post-traumatic stress disorder with sleep disorder: network meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The current guidelines and canonical norms of diagnosis or treatment for Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with sleep disorder are still conflicting and have not yet reached a consensus. This study aimed to unravel the most effective countermeasures between two categories (psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy) put forward by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) respectively to treat PTSD individuals co-exist with sleep disorders. METHODS: Four databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and APA PsyNet, were searched from inception to February 02, 2023. RESULTS: Twenty articles with 24 Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and a total number of 1,647 participants were included. As demonstrated in the network meta-analysis comparison results, CBT-I (standardized mean differences (SMD) = -1.51,95% confidence interval (CI):-2.55 to -0.47), CBT-I plus IRT (SMD = -1.71, 95%CI:-3.39, -0.03), prazosin (SMD = -0.87,95%CI:-1.59 to -0.16) and hydroxyzine (SMD = -1.06, 95%CI: -1.94 to -0.19) significantly reduced PTSD symptoms compared with placebo. In contrast to placebo, CBT-I (SMD = -5.61,95%CI:-8.82 to -2.40) significantly improved sleep quality. For nightmare severity, IRT (SMD =-0.65, 95%CI:-1.00 to -0.31), prazosin (SMD = -1.20,95%CI:-1.72 to -0.67) and hydroxyzine (SMD = -0.98,95%CI:-1.58 to -0.37) significantly reduced nightmare severity in comparison with placebo. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that under most circumstances, psychotherapy namely CBT-I had a favorable profile, but pharmacotherapy with prazosin was effective in managing nightmare severity. The sole avail of CBT-I was recommended to improving sleep quality while CBT-I and CBT-I plus IRT showed excellent management of PTSD symptom severity. Exposure to CBT-I isrecommended for depression. The relevant clinical guidelines for the management of individuals with PTSD and sleep disorders may regard this as a reference. PROSPERO: CRD42023415240.

Retrospective Evaluation of Moderate Sedation Visits That Used Oral Meperidine and Hydroxyzine With Oral or Intranasal Midazolam.

Purpose: To examine the influence of substituting intranasal (IN) midazolam (MID) for oral (PO) MID, within the three-drug combination of meperidine (MEP), hydroxyzine (H) and MID, on sedation treatment outcomes. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis examined patient variables and sedation outcomes in 508 pediatric dental patients sedated by single- and multi-drug sedation regimens (MEP-H; MEP-H-(PO)-MID; MEP-H-(IN)-MID; single-agent MID). The outcome assessment examined sedation visit effectiveness, sedation treatment completion, treatment time and medication administration to discharge time. Multivariable logistic regression analyses assessed predictive variables associated with sedation visit effectiveness. Results: Both three-drug combinations (MEP-H-(PO)-MID; MEP-H-(IN)-MID) were used for behavior guidance in children of a similar age (median age=7.1 and 6.5 years, respectively, for the two drug combinations) and weight (median weight = 23.7 and 23.5 kg, respectively, for the two drug combinations). These three-drug combinations had a higher likelihood of sedation effectiveness over the reference sedation regimen of single-agent midazolam (MEP-H-(PO)-MID adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.65; 95 percent confidence interval [95% CI]=1.09 to 6.45; P=0.032; and MEP-H-(IN)-MID OR=2.08; 95% CI=1.03 to 4.18; P=0.039). MEP-H-(IN)MID was associated with a shorter medication administration to discharge time for patients by 23 minutes (interquartile range [IQR]=9.5 to 34 minutes) compared to MEP-H-(PO) MID (P<0.05) while providing a comparable number of teeth treated (median=five). All sedation drug regimens, including MEP-H-(IN)MID, had high levels of oxygen saturation during all sedation appointments. Conclusion: Substituting IN for PO MID in MEP-H-MID was associated with a shorter total time to discharge while demonstrating comparable efficacy during sedation.

Uso de corticosteroides no tratamento da lesão hepática aguda grave decorrente de anabolizante estanazolol / Use of corticosteroids in the treatment of stanazolol-induce severe acute liver injury

A busca pelo corpo perfeito pode gerar graves consequências para a população que faz uso indiscriminado de substâncias visando a resultados rápidos. O caso relatado se refere a um pa- ciente de 21 anos, do sexo masculino, na cidade de São Paulo (SP), que apresentou quadro de síndrome colestática 15 dias após uso do anabolizante estanazolol para fins estéticos na ativi- dade física, evoluindo com hepatite medicamentosa grave, com aumento de transaminases, hiperrubilinemia às custas de bilirrubina direta e fatores de coagulação, sem resposta satis- fatória ao tratamento de suporte convencional, com melhora significativa após introdução de corticoterapia.

Searching for the perfect body image can cause severe conse- quences to the population using substances indiscriminately to reach results fast. The case reported refers to a male patient, 21 years old, from the city of São Paulo (SP), who developed choles- tatic syndrome 15 days after the use of the steroid Stanazol for aesthetic purposes during physical activity, progressing with se- vere drug-induced hepatitis, transaminases, bilirubin, and coagu- lation factors increase with no satisfactory response to the con- ventional support treatment, and significant improvement after the introduction of corticotherapy.

A propósito de un caso de urticaria vasculítica intermedia en un paciente pediátrico / A propos of a case of intermediate vasculitic urticaria in a pediatric patient

Se presenta un paciente de sexo masculino, de 2 años y siete meses de edad, con cuadro clínico compatible con urticaria vasculítica. La biopsia cutánea evidenció una vasculitis con infiltrado mononuclear. A diferencia del cuadro típico de urticaria vasculitis, en este paciente en la histopatología no se evidenció vasculitis leucicitoclástica, hecho que nos permite categorizarla como una forma intermedia de urticaria vasculitis.

We report a male patient, 2 years and seven months old, with clinical symptoms compatible with vasculitic urticaria. A skin biopsy showed vasculitis with mononuclear infiltrate. Unlike the typical picture of urticaria vasculitis in this patient, the histopathology did not reveal vasculitis leucicitoclástica, allowing us to categorize it as an intermediate form of urticaria vasculitis.

Multimodal therapy for painful bladder syndrome / interstitial cystitis: pilot study combining behavioral, pharmacologic, and endoscopic therapies

Purpose: We evaluated the effectiveness of combining behavioral therapy, pharmacologic therapy and endoscopic hydrodistension for treating painful bladder syndrome / interstitial cystitis (PBS/IC). Materials and Methods: Twenty-five patients with PBS/IC were prospectively enrolled in a pilot multimodal behavioral, pharmacologic and endoscopic treatment protocol. Behavioral modification included diet recommendations, fluid restriction to 64 oz. /day, progressive timed voiding and Kegel exercises. Oral pharmacologic therapy consisted of daily doses of macrodantin 100 mg, hydroxyzine 10-20 mg and urised 4 tablets. Patients underwent endoscopic bladder hydrodistention under anesthesia at least 2 weeks after protocol enrollment. Behavioral and pharmacological treatments were continued after the hydrodistention. O'Leary-Sant questionnaire scores were recorded before starting the protocol, after pharmacologic/behavioral therapy, 2 months post-hydrodistension, and at scheduled follow-up. Results: Eighteen patients (72 percent) completed the pilot multimodal treatment protocol and were followed for a mean of 10.2 months. All patients were female with a median age of 36.3 years and had mean bladder capacity under anesthesia of 836 milliliters. Mean O'Leary-Sant symptom index scores for baseline symptoms, after behavioral/pharmacologic treatment, post-hydrodistension and during follow up were 12.5, 8.6, 7.0, and 6.7 (p < 0.05). Mean O'Leary-Sant problem index scores for baseline, after behavioral/pharmacologic treatment, post-hydrodistention and during follow up were 12.7, 8.9, 6.7, and 7.7 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our pilot multimodal protocol of behavioral modification, pharmacologic therapy and endoscopic hydrodistention demonstrated a significant progressive improvement in PBS/IC quality of life scores, compared to a pre-treatment baseline. These results should be validated in a larger, placebo controlled trial.

A randomized double-blinded trial of chloral hydrate with or without hydroxyzine versus placebo for pediatric dental sedation

Chloral hydrate and hydroxyzine are a drug combination frequently used by practitioners to sedate pediatric dental patients, but their effectiveness has not been compared to a negative control group in humans. The aim of this crossover, double-blinded study was to evaluate the effect of these drugs compared to a placebo, administered to young children for dental treatment. Thirty-five dental sedation sessions were carried out on 12 uncooperative ASA I children aged less than 5 years old. In each session patients were randomly assigned to groups P (placebo), CH (chloral hydrate 75 mg/kg) and CHH (chloral hydrate 50 mg/kg plus hydroxyzine 2.0 mg/kg). Vital signs and behavioral variables were evaluated every 15 min. Comparisons were statistically analyzed using Friedman and Wilcoxon tests. P, CH and CHH had no differences concerning vital signs, except for breathing rate. All vital signs were in the normal range. CH and CHH promoted more sleep in the first 30 min of treatment. Overall behavior was better in CH and CHH than in P. CH, CHH and P were effective in 62.5 percent, 61.5 percent and 11.1 percent of the cases, respectively. Chloral hydrate was safe and relatively effective, causing more satisfactory behavioral and physiological outcomes than a placebo.

A associação hidrato de cloral- hidroxizina tem sido utilizada na clínica odontológica para sedar crianças, mas sua efetividade ainda não foi comparada a um controle negativo em humanos. O objetivo deste estudo prospectivo foi avaliar o efeito dessas drogas, comparadas a um placebo, em crianças submetidas a tratamento odontológico. Trinta e cinco sessões de sedação foram realizadas em 12 crianças menores de 5 anos, não cooperativas, ASA classe I. Em cada sessão os pacientes foram aleatoriamente alocados para os grupos P (placebo), CH (hidrato de cloral 75 mg/kg) e CHH (hidrato de cloral 50 mg/kg mais hidroxizina 2,0 mg/kg). Sinais vitais e comportamento foram avaliados a cada 15 min, e comparados pelos testes de Friedman e Wilcoxon. Os grupos não apresentaram diferenças quanto às variáveis fisiológicas, exceto a freqüência respiratória. Todos sinais vitais registrados estiveram dentro de faixa aceitável. CH e CHH promoveram mais sono nos primeiros 30 min de tratamento. O comportamento geral foi melhor em CH e CHH do que em P. CH, CHH e P foram efetivos em 62,5 por cento, 61,5 por cento e 11,1 por cento dos casos, respectivamente. O hidrato de cloral foi seguro e relativamente efetivo, levando a resultados fisiológicos e comportamentais melhores que o placebo.

Caracterización de la prescripción de antihistamínicos en la consulta externa de un Hospital Nacional / Characterization of the prescription antihistamine in the outpatient unit of a National Hospital

El presente trabajo es un estudio descriptivo cuyo objetivo fue la caracterización de la prescripción de los antihistamínicos en la Consulta Externa en un hospital clase A, nacional, para adultos, de nuestro país; se estudiaron las recetas de antihistamínicos despachadas por el servicio de farmacia durante los meses de enero, febrero y marzo del año 2006. El Servicio de Farmacia del hospital estudiado durante el período despachó a 9260 recetas de antihistamínicos provenientes de la consulta externa. El antihistamínico con mayor prescripción fue el clorhidrato de fexofenadina, la cantidad prescrita superó dos veces la cantidad de hidroxicina, segundo antihistamínico de mayor prescripción. En un 12,75 por ciento del total de las recetas estudiadas se encontró la asociación de fexofenadina con otro antihistamínico de primera generación. El antihistamínico de primera generación que se asoció principalmente con la prescripción de fexofenadina fue hidroxicina, 64,4 por ciento, seguida de clorfeniramina, 30.6 por ciento y difenhidramina, 5.1 por ciento. Se tiene un costo estimado de 9369335.28; de este monto, al menos una cantidad cercana a los 443022.60 fue utilizada en la prescripción de antihistamínicos de primera generación, en forma conjunta con el clorhidrato de fexofenadina...

A randomized, controlled, crossover trial of oral midazolam and hydroxyzine for pediatric dental sedation

The effectiveness of oral midazolam in pediatric dentistry is controversial. This randomized, controlled, crossover, double blind clinical trial was conducted in order to study the effect of midazolam, used either alone or in association with hydroxyzine, during child dental treatment. Thirty seven dental sedation sessions were carried out on 11 ASA I uncooperative children less than five years-old. In each appointment children were randomly assigned to groups: P - placebo, M - midazolam (1.0 mg/kg), or MH - midazolam (0.75 mg/kg) plus hydroxyzine (2.0 mg/kg). Vital signs (blood pressure, breathing rate, pulse and oxygen saturation) and behavior parameters (consciousness, crying, movement, overall behavior) were evaluated every 15 minutes. Friedman and Wilcoxon statistical tests were used to compare groups and different moments in the same group. Normal values of vital signs were usually registered. Heart rate increased in groups P and M as the session went on. Group M presented less crying and movement at the first 15 minutes of treatment. Group MH caused more drowsiness at the beginning of the session. Overall behavior was better in group M than in groups P or MH. Group M produced effective sedation in 77 percent of the cases, and group MH did so in 30.8 percent. It was concluded that midazolam was effective and safe, and its association with hydroxyzine did not lead to additional advantages in pediatric dental sedation

Cloridrato de hidroxizina: estudo de eficácia e tolerabilidade na urticária aguda na infância / Hydroxyne hydrocloride: study of efficacy and tolerability in acute urticaria in infancy

O estudo demonstra a eficácia e tolerabilidade do cloridrato de hidroxizina nos casos de urticária aguda em pacientes entre 5 e 12 anos que procuraram o Serviço de Alergia da Policlínica Geral do Rio de Janeiro. Foram selecionados 21 pacientes ao acaso com quadro de urticária aguda. Dois parâmetros referentes a urticária foram avaliados: prurido e tamanho das placas eritematosas. Quanto ao prurido foi evidenciado ausência total em 85 porcento dos casos (18 pacientes), sendo que 14 porcento dos casos restantes (3 pacientes) tiveram melhora da condiçäo, tendo em vista que na primeira consulta apresentavam prurido intenso. De forma semelhante se demonstrou reduçäo importante no diâmetro das lesöes. O único evento adverso observado foi sonolência (sedaçäo em 14 porcento dos casos (7 pacientes). Os autores chamam a atençäo quanto a eficácia e tolerabilidade da droga

Seguridad del manejo estomatológico de pacientes pediátricos bajo sedación consciente en la clínica de odontopediatría / Safe management for dental procedures in children under concient sedative analgesia the odontopediatric clinic. Odontologic specialties unit

El objetivo fundamental del presente estudio es disminuir las indicaciones de anestesia general en los niños que se someten a rehabilitación dental. Se presenta una serie de 20 niños con edad comprendida entre 1.5 y 3 años, que se sometieron únicamente a sedación con hidroxizina a 20 mg por kg de peso e hidrato de cloral a 70 mg por kg de peso, por vía oral o por sonda nasogástrica. Se encontró una clara respuesta favorable en cuanto a la conducta observada por parte de los niños, que eliminó la actitud inconveniente clasificada como conducta Frankl II o III y permitió al cirujano efectuar la rehabilitación bucal. Asimismo se encontró una elevación del umbral al dolor, la preservación de reflejos protectores y amnesia postoperatoria en cuanto al evento quirúrgico.

A cetirizina pertence à nova geraçåo de anti-histamínicos?: uma investigaçåo de seus efeitos agudos e subcrônicos sobre a conduçåo de veículo em rodovia, o desempenho em testes psicométricos e a sonolência diurna / Does cetirizine belong to the new generation of antihistamines?: an investigation into its acute and subchronic effects on highway driving, psychometric test performance and daytime sleepiness

Vinte e sete voluntários saudáveis do sexo masculino participam deste ensaio duplo-cego cruzado em cinco etapas, que foi realizado para comparar um novo antagonista seletivo dos receptores de H1 - a cetirizina (10 mg q.d.) - e a terfenadina (60 mg b.i.d. e 120 mg q.d.) a um antagonista dos receptores de H1 mais tradicional, a tripolidina (5 mg b.i.d.), e a placebo. Os medicamentos foram administrados durante quatro dias consecutivos e os participantes foram testados no 1§ e no 4§ dias. No teste, os participantes já dirigiram um veículo equipado com instrumentos de mediçåo em uma rodovia de 100 Km, tentando manter uma velocidade constante (90 km/h) e um posionamento lateral estável na faixa de trafégo da direita. A seguir, foram submetidos a três testes computadorizados da memória. No 4§ dia de tratamento, a latência do sono foi medida antes e após o teste de direçåo. Em ambos os dias, a triprolidina comprometeu significativamente o desempenho dos participantes nos testes de direçåo e psicométricos, além de reduzir a latência, em comparaçåo com placebo, no 4§ dia de tratamento. A administraçåo de 60 m g b.i.d. de terfenadina comprometeu o desempenho psicométrico após o tratamento subcronico. Conclui-se que a cetirizina, com a terfenadina, pertence å classe mais recente de antihistamínicos e pode ser administrada com segurança a pacientes que continuam suas atitudes diárias

Estudo duplo-cego comparativo entre astemizol e hidroxizina no tratamento da urticária crônica / Double-blind comparative study between astemizole and hydroxyzine in the treatment of chronic urticaria

Comparou-se em estudo duplo-cego e randomizado, a eficácia e tolerabilidade de um novo anti-histamínico, o astemizol (dose única de 10 mg ao dia), com a hidroxizina (10 mg duas vezes ao dia), em 33 pacientes portadores de urticária crônica, durante o período de 4 semanas. Ambos os medicamentos reduziram significativamente as lesöes de urticária e o prurido, sem diferenças do ponto de vista estatístico. Os efeitos colaterais surgidos durante o tratamento foram em menor número nos pacientes que receberam astemizol, em relaçäo aos tratados com a hidroxizina. Näo houve necessidade de se interromper o tratamento devido a efeitos colaterais, em nenhum dos pacientes estudados

Estudo duplo cego, comparativo, da eficácia e toleräncia da cetirizina e terfenadina no tratamento, a longo prazo, da urticária crônica idiopática / Double-blind comparative study of efficacy and tolerance of cetirizine and terfenadine in the treatment, long-term, of idiopatic chronic urticary

Trinta e dois pacientes portadores de Urticária Crônica Idiopática foram submetidos a um estudo duplo-cego, comparativo, de mais de 6 semanas de tratamento com a dose diária oral de 10mg de cetirizina e 60mg, duas vezes ao dia, de terfenadina. A eficácia dos dois medicamentos mostrou-se equivalente com relaçäo à regressäo das pápulas, eritema e prurido. A terfenadina apresentou uma incidência menor de sonolência enquanto a cetirizina mostrou-se mais eficaz em diminuir a reatividade da pele à histamina

Liquen amiloide / Lichen amyloidosis

El liquen amiloide es una forma de amiloidosis cutánea primaria, papular, intensamente pruriginosa, de etiología desconocida. La biopsia muestra depósitos de amiloide limitados a la dermis papilar, que producen birrefringencia verdosa con la tinción de rojo Congo. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con un cuadro clínico e histológico típico, y efectuamos una revisión de la literatura

Repigmentacion de vitiligo y otras leucodermias con antihistaminicos H1: estudio prospectivo 1983-1988 / Repigmentation of vitiligo and other leukodermias with H1 antihistamins

En el presente estudio sobre repigmentacion de vitiligo y otras leucodermias mediante el empleo de antihistaminicos H1, sobre un total de 56 pacientes de ambos sexos con edades que oscilaron entre 2 y 69 anos, se obtuvo repigmentacion en 42 (75%de respuestas positivas). Requirio el tratamiento una duracion promedio de 15,4 meses para adquirir una repigmentacion igual o mayor a 50%del area afectada. Asimismo, repigmentaron 3 pacientes con nevos halo y 2 pacientes de sexo femenino repigmentadas con monobencileter de hidroquinona. De entre los antihistaminicos ensayados se observo mayor respuesta con terfenadina (60-240 mg/dia) e hidroxicina (5-50 mg/dia). Se propone un posible mecanismo de accion, que podria involucrar a los receptores H1 de los linfocitos T supresores