Asunto(s)
Investigación Biomédica , Laboratorios , Investigadores , Laboratorios/organización & administración , Laboratorios/normas , Laboratorios/estadística & datos numéricos , Investigadores/normas , Investigadores/estadística & datos numéricos , Reino Unido , Biología Molecular , Investigación Biomédica/normas , Investigación Biomédica/estadística & datos numéricosAsunto(s)
Sustancias para la Guerra Química , Cooperación Internacional , Laboratorios , Investigadores , Humanos , Guerra Química/legislación & jurisprudencia , Guerra Química/prevención & control , Sustancias para la Guerra Química/análisis , Sustancias para la Guerra Química/legislación & jurisprudencia , Laboratorios/organización & administraciónRESUMEN
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Technological in-vitro fertilization (IVF) advancements originate in the embryology laboratory, and are accompanied by increased regulatory oversight and risk management. Stakes have never been higher or the need greater for the recruitment and cultivation of leaders in laboratory science to navigate the direction of IVF. Current thought leaders in state-of-the-art laboratories must prioritize this mission to optimize and preserve the future of IVF. RECENT FINDINGS: Leaders in laboratory science must be able to speak to patients, the lay public, business leaders, scientific colleagues and clinical embryologists. While technically gifted, laboratory leaders may benefit from leadership training. Recruitment of scientists into IVF is currently challenging due to a lack of branding and no clear pipeline for new scientists to enter the field. Once recruited however, cultivation of new leaders requires coaching and skill acquisition over time, in order to create multifaceted laboratory leadership. SUMMARY: Laboratory leaders are typically recruited based on education and experience to lead teams of embryologists. These leaders will adopt new technologies in the laboratory. Therefore, laboratory leaders play a powerful role in IVF requiring leadership skills ultimately driving patient outcomes. These laboratory directors must possess innate leadership abilities or learn how to lead their teams.
Asunto(s)
Fertilización In Vitro , Liderazgo , Humanos , Selección de Personal/métodos , Ciencia del Laboratorio Clínico/tendencias , Femenino , Embriología/educación , Embriología/tendencias , Personal de Laboratorio Clínico/educación , Laboratorios/organización & administraciónRESUMEN
Research shows that women are less likely to enter competitions than men. This disparity may translate into a gender imbalance in holding leadership positions or ascending in organizations. We provide both laboratory and field experimental evidence that this difference can be attenuated with a default nudge-changing the choice to enter a competitive task from a default in which applicants must actively choose to compete to a default in which applicants are automatically enrolled in competition but can choose to opt out. Changing the default affects the perception of prevailing social norms about gender and competition as well as perceptions of the performance or ability threshold at which to apply. We do not find associated negative effects for performance or wellbeing. These results suggest that organizations could make use of opt-out promotion schemes to reduce the gender gap in competition and support the ascension of women to leadership positions.
Asunto(s)
Toma de Decisiones en la Organización , Laboratorios/organización & administración , Factores Sexuales , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoAsunto(s)
Laboratorios , Neoplasias , Plagio , Investigadores , Mala Conducta Científica , Humanos , Laboratorios/legislación & jurisprudencia , Laboratorios/organización & administración , Investigadores/ética , Investigadores/legislación & jurisprudencia , Mala Conducta Científica/legislación & jurisprudenciaAsunto(s)
Academias e Institutos/organización & administración , Personas con Discapacidad , Laboratorios/organización & administración , Prejuicio/prevención & control , Investigadores , Animales de Servicio , Universidades/organización & administración , Animales , Perros , Femenino , Guías como Asunto , Humanos , MasculinoAsunto(s)
Tormentas Ciclónicas , Desastres Naturales , Investigadores/psicología , Investigación/organización & administración , Estrés Psicológico , Tormentas Ciclónicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Electricidad , Femenino , Humanos , Laboratorios/organización & administración , Louisiana , Masculino , Resiliencia Psicológica , Estudiantes , Universidades/organización & administraciónAsunto(s)
Actitud , Personas con Discapacidad , Liderazgo , Prejuicio/prevención & control , Investigadores , Investigación/organización & administración , Personas con Discapacidad/psicología , Eficiencia , Femenino , Humanos , Laboratorios/organización & administración , Prejuicio/estadística & datos numéricos , Investigadores/psicología , Estigma SocialAsunto(s)
COVID-19/epidemiología , Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles , Relaciones Comunidad-Institución , Educación a Distancia/métodos , Instituciones Académicas/organización & administración , Ciencia/educación , Estudiantes , Adolescente , Animales , Relaciones Comunidad-Institución/tendencias , Brecha Digital , Humanos , Laboratorios/organización & administración , Ratones , Museos/organización & administración , Investigadores/educación , Estudiantes/psicología , VoluntariosAsunto(s)
COVID-19/epidemiología , Relaciones Interpersonales , Laboratorios/organización & administración , Distanciamiento Físico , Investigadores/psicología , Universidades/organización & administración , Animales , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , Crianza del Niño , Creatividad , Ecología , Europa (Continente)/epidemiología , Humanos , Sudáfrica/epidemiología , América del Sur/epidemiología , Estados Unidos/epidemiologíaAsunto(s)
COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/virología , Conocimiento , Laboratorios/organización & administración , Investigadores , SARS-CoV-2/aislamiento & purificación , Incertidumbre , Animales , Animales Salvajes/virología , COVID-19/transmisión , China/epidemiología , Quirópteros/virología , Ingeniería Genética , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2/genética , Factores de Tiempo , Estados Unidos , Zoonosis Virales/epidemiología , Zoonosis Virales/transmisión , Zoonosis Virales/virología , Organización Mundial de la SaludAsunto(s)
COVID-19 , Laboratorios/organización & administración , Pandemias , Investigadores , Investigación/organización & administración , Evolución Biológica , COVID-19/epidemiología , Biología Celular , Biología Computacional , Análisis de Datos , Educación de Postgrado , Alemania/epidemiología , Humanos , Japón/epidemiología , Kentucky , Laboratorios/economía , Liderazgo , Oncología Médica , Neurociencias , República de Corea/epidemiología , Investigación/economía , Investigadores/economía , Investigadores/educación , Investigadores/psicología , Investigadores/normas , Salarios y Beneficios , Conducta Social , Incertidumbre , Reino Unido/epidemiologíaAsunto(s)
Investigación Biomédica , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/virología , Gripe Humana/epidemiología , Investigadores , SARS-CoV-2/inmunología , Anticuerpos Neutralizantes/farmacología , Anticuerpos Neutralizantes/uso terapéutico , Antivirales/farmacología , Australia/epidemiología , Investigación Biomédica/organización & administración , COVID-19/inmunología , COVID-19/terapia , Humanos , Inmunización Pasiva , Células Madre Pluripotentes Inducidas/citología , Células Madre Pluripotentes Inducidas/efectos de los fármacos , Células Madre Pluripotentes Inducidas/virología , Gripe Humana/virología , Laboratorios/organización & administración , Sueroterapia para COVID-19RESUMEN
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical role that animal models play in elucidating the pathogenesis of emerging diseases and rapidly analyzing potential medical countermeasures. Relevant pathologic outcomes are paramount in evaluating preclinical models and therapeutic outcomes and require careful advance planning. While there are numerous guidelines for attaining high-quality pathology specimens in routine animal studies, preclinical studies using coronaviruses are often conducted under biosafety level-3 (BSL3) conditions, which pose unique challenges and technical limitations. In such settings, rather than foregoing pathologic outcomes because of the inherent constraints of high-containment laboratory protocols, modifications can be made to conventional best practices of specimen collection. Particularly for those unfamiliar with working in a high-containment laboratory, the authors describe the logistics of conducting such work, focusing on animal experiments in BSL3 conditions. To promote scientific rigor and reproducibility and maximize the value of animal use, the authors provide specific points to be considered before, during, and following a high-containment animal study. The authors provide procedural modifications for attaining good quality pathologic assessment of the mouse lung, central nervous system, and blood specimens under high-containment conditions while being conscientious to maximize animal use for other concurrent assays.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Contención de Riesgos Biológicos , Laboratorios , Manejo de Especímenes , Animales , COVID-19/veterinaria , Contención de Riesgos Biológicos/normas , Laboratorios/organización & administración , Ratones , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , SARS-CoV-2 , Manejo de Especímenes/métodos , Manejo de Especímenes/veterinariaRESUMEN
Clinical activities regarding sleep disordered breathing (SDB) have been sharply interrupted during the initial phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic throughout Europe. In the past months, activities have gradually restarted, according to epidemiological phase of COVID-19 and national recommendations. The recent increase in cases throughout Europe demands a reconsideration of management strategies of SDB accordingly. Diagnosis of SDB and initiation of treatment pose some specific problems to be addressed to preserve the safety of patients and health personnel. This perspective document by a group of European sleep experts aims to summarise some different approaches followed in Europe and United States, which reflect national recommendations according to the epidemiological phase of the COVID-19 infection. Respiratory sleep medicine is likely to change in the near future, and use of telemedicine will grow to avoid unnecessary risks and continue to provide optimal care to patients. In addition, the document covers paediatric sleep studies and indications for titration of noninvasive ventilation, as well as precautions to be followed by patients who are already on positive airway pressure treatment. A single consensus document developed by the European Respiratory Society and national societies would be desirable to harmonise SDB management throughout Europe.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Laboratorios/organización & administración , Neumología/organización & administración , Síndromes de la Apnea del Sueño/diagnóstico , COVID-19/epidemiología , Europa (Continente)/epidemiología , HumanosRESUMEN
The Open Practical Laboratory in the Neurosciences is an outreach program that seeks to improve the knowledge of the neurosciences by elementary school students and to promote better attitudes in relation to neuroscience, science in general, and scientists. It consists in practical and demonstration activities on the theme of the neurosciences. This outreach strategy was applied in four public schools in a municipality in Southeastern Pará, Brazil characterized by low performance in educational reviews in Brazil. Students from both sexes from 9th grade (last grade before high school) were enrolled in the program. The outreach program improved students' knowledge about the neurosciences, and promoted better attitudes in relation to science and scientists, in comparison to students who did not go through the activities. Results suggest that scientific outreach strategies can produce results beyond immediate increases in knowledge, promoting better attitudes in relation to science.
Asunto(s)
Laboratorios/organización & administración , Neurociencias/educación , Adolescente , Actitud , Brasil , Comunicación , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Instituciones Académicas , EstudiantesRESUMEN
Single-laboratory studies conducted under highly standardized conditions are the gold standard in preclinical animal research. Using simulations based on 440 preclinical studies across 13 different interventions in animal models of stroke, myocardial infarction, and breast cancer, we compared the accuracy of effect size estimates between single-laboratory and multi-laboratory study designs. Single-laboratory studies generally failed to predict effect size accurately, and larger sample sizes rendered effect size estimates even less accurate. By contrast, multi-laboratory designs including as few as 2 to 4 laboratories increased coverage probability by up to 42 percentage points without a need for larger sample sizes. These findings demonstrate that within-study standardization is a major cause of poor reproducibility. More representative study samples are required to improve the external validity and reproducibility of preclinical animal research and to prevent wasting animals and resources for inconclusive research.