An in-vitro study of the role of sucrose and interactions between oral bacteria in possible mechanisms of dental plaque formation.

The adherence of streptococci to hydroxyapatite spheroids (HAS) depended upon the strain used, the fermentable carbon source available during bacterial growth, the number of times a clinical isolate had been subcultured on laboratory media and the pre-treatment of the HAS. Sucrose greatly stimulated the secondary colonization of Streptococcus mutans strain 3209 on HAS pre-equilibrated with this strain, but no similar effect was observed with glucose. Pre-equilibration of HAS with Streptococcus sanguis 7865 inhibited rather than enhanced subsequent colonization by Strep. mutans strain 3209 in the presence of sucrose.

The pharmacokinetics of cefotetan excretion in the unobstructed biliary tree.

Cefotetan excretion was studied in 17 patients undergoing biliary or pancreatic surgery. The antibiotic was detected in bile taken from the common bile duct within 15 min of a 1 g iv bolus and therapeutic plasma levels were found up to 10 h after administration. Even higher concentrations of cefotetan were measured in the bile from functioning gall bladders, despite the presence of gall stones. Concentrations of cefotetan in bile from the common bile ducts and functioning gall bladders were greater than the plasma concentrations at all times. These concentrations exceed the in-vitro minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for most common biliary tract pathogens.