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Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a critical orthopedic and traumatology emergency arising from elevated pressure within a confined osteofascial compartment, leading to compromised blood circulation and tissue ischemia. This systematic review aims to comprehensively identify and analyze the most predictable risk factors associated with ACS development in patients with forearm fractures. Published articles on ACS were meticulously searched and evaluated on reputable medical databases such as PubMed. The keywords "risk factors associated with the ACS in patients who have sustained forearm fractures"were used to create the search syntax on various databases. Data were gathered on raw prevalence, population under study, and methodology. A total of 10 articles that met the search criteria were identified and included in this review with a total of more than 300,000 patients across the studies. Fracture-related ACS was the most common, followed by soft tissue damage among patients with forearm fractures. This review underscores fractures as primary ACS catalysts, along with the role of soft tissue trauma. Meticulous consideration of these risk factors can enhance clinical decision-making, early detection, and intervention, improving patient outcomes and care quality.
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Introduction Traumatic diaphragmatic injuries (TDIs) are uncommon and the incidence of TDI is difficult to estimate because of the variation in reporting missed or late detected diaphragmatic injuries. Therefore, our study's aim was to investigate the prevalence of traumatic diaphragmatic injury in the thoracoabdominal trauma, discuss the etiological factors, diagnostic investigations, and outcomes in TDIs, and evaluate predictors of mortality in patients who were diagnosed at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods This observational retrospective cohort study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study included all adult patients aged 18 years or older diagnosed with traumatic diaphragmatic injuries between the years 2016 and 2020. The BESTCare electronic system was used to get the patient's medical records and extract the data. Pearson χ2 test was used for categorical variables, and an independent t-test was used for continuous variables to investigate the association between predictors and outcomes. Results A total of eight patients were involved in this study. The mean age of the patients was 49 years old. Males outnumbered females by 75%. Patients admitted with blunt injuries were greater by 75% compared to penetrating injuries by 25%. The left side of the diaphragm was the most common site of injury. The total number of patients who were admitted to the ICU was five, four of whom had blunt trauma and one had a penetrating injury. Conclusion The demographic data of the patients included in this study corresponded to that in the literature. Although not reaching a statistically significant level, ICU admissions and mortality were mostly associated with blunt injuries. Larger multi-center studies are required to further investigate the incidence of traumatic diaphragmatic injuries (TDI).
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Background End-stage kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis are prone to develop inflammation detected by high serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. This study highlights the association between CRP and the erythropoietin resistance index, hospital admission rate, control of mineral metabolism, and comorbidities in a tertiary hospital and two dialysis centers in Saudi Arabia. Objectives The objective of the study is to assess the relationship between CRP levels and hemoglobin level, hospital admission rate, mineral metabolism, and comorbidity in hemodialysis patients. Materials and methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City Dialysis Center and the South and North Dialysis Centers of King Abdullah Dialysis Program in Riyadh. All hemodialysis adult patients who have been on dialysis for over six months were included. Patients with acute illnesses and pediatric patients were excluded. The association between CRP and other variables was reported using the Pearson correlation test. The calculated sample size was 218 by using the Raosoft website; however, the final number we analyzed was 209 after exclusion. Results The prevalence of a high level of CRP was more common among patients with diabetes mellitus (p=0.008) and those who were using antihypertensives (p=0.044) while the prevalence of a high level of CRP was less common among underweight patients (p=0.031) and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive patients (p=<0.001). The mean value of Kt/V was significantly lower among patients with a high level of CRP (p=0.009). HCV negative was the only independent significant risk factor associated with high CRP concentration (p=0.006). Conclusions In conclusion, there was an association between CRP levels with BMI, diabetics, the use of antihypertensive medications, and negative or undetectable HCV test results with the latter being the only independent significant factor. These data suggest that patients meeting these characteristics are in an inflammatory state and more prone to develop complications; thus, implementing CPR testing in this population might be useful. Other reviews showing causations are needed to further elucidate.
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Liposarcomas are a group of malignancies that mainly affect adults. Myxoid pleomorphic liposarcoma (MPL) is a newly added subtype of liposarcomas [1]. It is extremely rare and mostly affects infants and children, and it has a predilection for the mediastinum. We report a case of a 58-years-old female with MPL originating from the falciform ligament who presented initially with vague abdominal pain. MPLs have an aggressive pathology and high metastasis and recurrence potential.