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1.
BMC Womens Health ; 23(1): 3, 2023 01 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36593476

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Nigeria has one of the highest maternal mortality ratios (MMR) globally with an MMR of 512 (per 100,000 live births) and the proportion of maternal deaths due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing. While evidence shows that many of these deaths are preventable, limited attention is being paid to the unique vulnerabilities and experiences of women of reproductive age (WRA) with NCDs and their risk factors, as well as the barriers to the screening, diagnosis, and management of these diseases in Nigeria. METHODS: This study explored the lives of WRA in Lagos and Federal Capital Territory in Nigeria from May to June 2019 using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) methodology called Photovoice which is aligned with CBPR as it includes procedures such as the identification of important community issues, discussion of photo assignments and data analysis. Twenty-four women of reproductive age were provided with digital cameras and trained on how to capture photos that conveyed their current health, healthcare utilization and engagement, and experience journeys. Individual interviews with the women were held for an in-depth exploration of the photographs. The data was then analysed thematically. RESULTS: Six distinct themes were identified across the barriers highlighted by the women: food and nutrition, home and family, neighborhood-built environment, economic instability, religion and spirituality and low prioritization of self-care. These themes captured the challenge of reduced agency, limited contribution and participation, and a complex relationship between visible and invisible illness. CONCLUSION: The perspectives of WRA in Nigeria obtained through this qualitative research provided a strong substratum for understanding the environmental barriers that predispose WRA to NCDs in Nigeria. The results of the study are useful for the improvement of woman-centred services of prevention, diagnosis, and management of NCD risk factors across the maternal and reproductive health care continuum in Nigeria.


Assuntos
Doenças não Transmissíveis , Feminino , Humanos , Atenção à Saúde , Nigéria , Doenças não Transmissíveis/terapia , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde , Reprodução , Pesquisa Participativa Baseada na Comunidade
2.
Egypt Heart J ; 76(1): 92, 2024 Jul 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39001966

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the prime causes of mortality globally. Therefore, concerted efforts are made to prevent or manage disruptions from normal functioning of the cardiovascular system. Disruption in lipid metabolism is a major contributor to cardiovascular dysfunction. This review examines how lecithin impacts lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health. It emphasizes lecithin's ability to reduce excess low-density lipoproteins (LDL) while specifically promoting the synthesis of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, thus contributing to clearer understanding of its role in cardiovascular well-being. Emphasizing the importance of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) in the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) process, the article delves into its contribution in removing surplus cholesterol from cells. This review aims to clarify existing literature on lipid metabolism, providing insights for targeted strategies in the prevention and management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This review summarizes the potential of lecithin in cardiovascular health and the role of LCAT in cholesterol metabolism modulation, based on articles from 2000 to 2023 sourced from databases like MEDLINE, PubMed and the Scientific Electronic Library Online. MAIN BODY: While studies suggest a positive correlation between increased LCAT activities, reduced LDL particle size and elevated serum levels of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) markers in individuals at risk of ASCVD, the review acknowledges existing controversies. The precise nature of LCAT's potential adverse effects remains uncertain, with varying reports in the literature. Notably, gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and nausea have been sporadically documented. CONCLUSIONS: The review calls for a comprehensive investigation into the complexities of LCAT's impact on cardiovascular health, recognizing the need for a nuanced understanding of its potential drawbacks. Despite indications of potential benefits, conflicting findings warrant further research to clarify LCAT's role in atherosclerosis.

3.
Curr Res Toxicol ; 6: 100148, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38287921

RESUMO

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most extensively used flavour enhancers worldwide. Although it is widely regarded as a safe food additive with no recommended daily dosage, its over-consumption has been associated with notably pathophysiological events in various tissues and organs of the body. Previous studies have reported of the neuro- cardio- and hepato- toxic effects of its excessive exposure. Moreover, the food additive instigates metabolic dysfunction. It has been established that MSG damages male reproductive accessory organs like prostate glands and epididymis. In addition, it impairs serum enzymatic activities and serum levels of testosterone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone and cholesterol. Reduced sperm count, sperm motility, sperm morphology, and sperm viability, imbalances in male reproductive hormones, alongside alteration in the histoarchitecture of the testes and other male reproductive tissues have also been connected with excessive exposure to MSG. Literature reports affirm the link between the over-consumption of MSG and reproductive organ weight and male sexual behaviour. This review article addresses the multi-systemic effects of exposure to MSG and the possible mechanism of action of the compound with a focus on the negative implications of the food additive on male reproductive functions and the possible role of natural antioxidants in male reproductive functions. carefully selected keywords were used during the literature search to gather credible and up-to-date information about the subject matter.

4.
Dialogues Health ; 2: 100130, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38515477

RESUMO

Introduction: Calcium is a vital micronutrient for several physiological processes, yet it remains one of the significant shortfall nutrients among Nigerian adolescents. Objective: This study was designed to assess the effect of emotion-based nutrition messages on the consumption of calcium-rich foods among early adolescents in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Methodology: The quasi-experimental study involved 220 adolescents (experimental: 110 and control: 110) selected using a three-stage sampling procedure. A semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic characteristics, dietary practice, calcium-rich foods consumption pattern, calcium intake, and anthropometric parameters. Second, calcium-rich foods consumption pattern was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, and intake was evaluated using the multi-pass 24-hour dietary recall to define adequacy at intake level ≥1,300 mg per day. Third, the experimental group had five weeks of nutrition education using emotion-based nutrition messages. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test at p < 0.05. Results: The age of respondents (years) in experimental (12.88±1.41) and control (13.4±1.03) groups was similar. Primary dietary calcium sources were meat, chicken, egg, white beans, cheese, soy milk, oranges, and locust beans at baseline. At post-intervention, intake of other calcium-rich foods such as milk, yogurt, ice cream, okra, sardine, and unripe plantain increased, however, calcium intake remains similar in both control (238.41±92.4 mg; 235.40±92.92 mg) and experimental groups (239.76±51 mg; 241.46±100.89 mg) at baseline and post-intervention, respectively. The overall calcium intake of the adolescents remains below the recommended intake level of 1,300 mg. Conclusion: Emotion-based nutritional messages did not significantly increase the total calcium intake among early adolescents.

5.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet ; 139 Suppl 1: 47-55, 2017 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29230800

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: "Negotiated standards" describe a level of quality of care that is acceptable and achievable within a specific health system, based on consensus between key stakeholders. This paper presents the development of negotiated standards for effective labor and childbirth care in selected hospitals and communities in Nigeria and Uganda. METHODS: A four-step development process involving different methodologies. The process included: (1) review and synthesis of internationally recognized intrapartum clinical principles and practices; (2) primary qualitative research to assess values and preferences of women and healthcare providers, and practices that align with these preferences; (3) draft contextualization of effective and ineffective behaviors to reflect values and preferences; and (4) WHO-mediated negotiations between relevant stakeholders, including community members, providers, and administrators. RESULTS: The primary outcomes of this process were a comprehensive set of effective behaviors and clinical practices covering the main domains of quality of care, which are practical and easy to communicate, implement, and audit across all levels of healthcare delivery. CONCLUSION: The process demonstrates that health facilities and providers can be motivated to adopt standards of care that uphold the values and preferences of both service users and providers, while adhering to international best practices.


Assuntos
Atenção à Saúde/normas , Parto Obstétrico/normas , Instalações de Saúde/normas , Serviços de Saúde Materna/normas , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/organização & administração , Parto Obstétrico/psicologia , Feminino , Pessoal de Saúde , Humanos , Trabalho de Parto/psicologia , Negociação , Nigéria , Parto/psicologia , Gravidez , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/normas , Uganda
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