CO-EXISTING PROSTATE CANCER AND DIABETES MELLITUS: IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT OUTCOMES AND CARE.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate how diabetes mellitus (DM) impacts short-term overall survival (OS) for patients with prostate cancer and to examine how prostate cancer impacts glycemic control in DM. METHODS: Patients with DM and prostate cancer newly diagnosed from 2007 to 2014 were identified from the institutional cancer registry and matched to patients with prostate cancer but no DM according to age and year of prostate cancer diagnosis. RESULTS: The study included 276 cases and 276 controls; the mean age was 72 years, most (93%) were white, the most common Gleason score (52%) was 7, and the majority (56%) were tumor stage II. Patients with DM had a higher mean body mass index (P = .03). Alcohol use and performance status differed by group (P<.001), but the 2 groups otherwise were not significantly different. Among those with DM, the mean hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was 6.7%. In Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (median follow-up time, 43.7 months), the 5-year OS rates were estimated at 88% and 93% for patients with and without DM, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.77-3.46; P = .20). Mean glucose among patients with DM was significantly higher (P<.001) compared with non-DM patients, but mean HbA1c and glucose values did not change significantly over 1 year (P≥.13). CONCLUSION: DM did not adversely impact survival in patients with prostate cancer. In addition, prostate cancer and its treatment did not affect glycemic control. Patients and their providers can be reassured that the concurrent diagnoses do not adversely interact to worsen short-term outcomes. ABBREVIATIONS: DM = diabetes mellitus; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; OS = overall survival.

Survival and glycemic control in patients with coexisting lymphoma and diabetes: a case-control analysis.

AIM: We examined the effect of diabetes on survival in patients with lymphoma and the effect of lymphoma on glycemic control. PATIENTS & METHODS: Patients with lymphoma with and without diabetes (2005-2016) were retrospectively identified and matched 1:1. Overall survival and progression-free survival were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and glucose levels during the year after cancer diagnosis were compared by mixed models. RESULTS: For patients with diabetes, mean HbA1c during the year after lymphoma diagnosis was 6.7%. Estimated 5-year progression-free survival for patients with versus without diabetes was 63% (95% CI: 53-76%) versus 58% (95% CI: 46-71%) (p = 0.42). CONCLUSION: Lymphoma and its treatment did not affect glycemic control. Diabetes did not decrease lymphoma-specific survival.

Survival and glycemic control in patients with coexisting melanoma and diabetes mellitus.

AIM: Given the lack of data in the literature, we examined the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on melanoma survival and the impact of melanoma on glycemic control. MATERIALS & METHODS: Patients with melanoma with and without DM were matched 1:1 (2005-2016). Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate overall survival and progression-free survival (PFS). Mixed models compared hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and glucose measures over time. RESULTS: Mean HbA1c during the year after cancer diagnosis was 6.7%. The 5-year PFS rate was 89% (95% CI: 81-99%) for patients with DM and 63% (95% CI: 51-79%) for patients without DM (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Melanoma did not adversely impact glycemic control. The DM did not adversely impact survival of patients with melanoma, although increased PFS for melanoma was seen in individuals with DM.

Survival and glycemic control outcomes among patients with coexisting pancreatic cancer and diabetes mellitus.

AIM: We aimed to determine the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) on survival in pancreatic cancer and effects of pancreatic cancer on glycemic control in DM. MATERIALS & METHODS: Patients with pancreatic cancer from 2007 to 2015, with and without DM, were matched 1:1. We compared characteristics between the groups and assessed 2-year survival with Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: In patients with DM, hemoglobin A1c decreased significantly over time (p = 0.01). In survival analysis, 2-year overall survival estimates were 15% (95% CI: 8-24%) for DM patients versus 26% (95% CI: 17-36%) for non-DM patients (p = 0.55). The hazard ratio for matched pairs was 1.15 (95% CI: 0.75-1.77; p = 0.51). CONCLUSION: DM did not decrease survival in pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer did not affect glycemic control.

Survival and glycemic control in patients with colorectal cancer and diabetes mellitus.

AIM: The impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on survival in patients with colorectal cancer and the impact of colorectal cancer on glycemic control were examined. MATERIALS & METHODS: Patients with colorectal cancer with and without DM were matched 1:1 (2007-2015). Characteristics were compared between the two groups and survival assessed with the Kaplan-Meier method. Mixed models compared hemoglobin A1c and glucose levels over time. RESULTS: In both groups, glucose values decreased during the year following cancer diagnosis (p < 0.001). 5-year overall survival was 56% (95% CI: 42-68%) for DM patients versus 57% (95% CI: 43-69%) for non-DM patients (p = 0.62). CONCLUSION: DM did not adversely impact survival of patients with colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer did not affect glycemic control.

Patient outcomes from lung cancer and diabetes mellitus: a matched case-control study.

AIM: This case-control study examined the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on survival in lung cancer patients and lung cancer on glycemic control in DM. MATERIALS & METHODS: Patients with a new lung cancer diagnosis and DM (n = 124) were matched to 124 lung cancer patients without DM. Laboratory results and DM and cancer therapies were obtained from electronic records. RESULTS: Five-year overall survival for lung cancer patients with and without DM was 20 versus 29% (p = .12). Glycemic control among DM patients did not change significantly with time. CONCLUSION: DM does not cause adverse impact on lung cancer survival. Lung cancer does not affect glycemic control.