[Occupational Safety and Health and Company Integration Management in Germany - A Systematic Review on Implementation of Legal Requirements]. / Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz und Betriebliches Eingliederungsmanagement in Deutschland ­ Ein systematisches Review zum Umsetzungsstand gesetzlicher Vorgaben.

AIM: Several studies have pointed out considerable deficits in the implementation of legal requirements regarding occupational safety and health (OSH) as well as company integration management in Germany. The aim of this review was a quantitative analysis of company size and fulfilment of legal requirements in OSH and company integration management in German companies over a period of time. METHODS: In October 2019, we performed a systematic literature search of German and English language publications with representative data which include the rates of OSH implementation along with company integration management in Germany. This was done using the databases Pubmed, PsycInfo and WISO. The study was updated in October 2020, while cross-referencing, with grey literature also included in the search. The analysis was carried out by 2 independent reviewers. RESULTS: A total of 16 relevant studies were examined with respect to OSH and company integration management. A slight decline in implementation rates of OSH care was apparent over time. In the care model, an increase in the number of employees resulted in increased need for both regular and demand-oriented care. Regardless of size, all companies were characterized by a steady rise in the implementation rates of risk assessment (including psychosocial risk assessment). In addition, the implementation rates of company inspections and company integration management exhibited an increase over time. CONCLUSION: Despite moderately increasing implementation rates in almost all sub-areas of OSH and company integration management over the last 20 years, it is evident that an area-wide implementation of legal requirements has not yet been achieved. The results indicate a standardization of methodological aspects for further studies. The implementation of legal requirements is an important factor for maintaining the employability of employees.

Barrier profiles in workplace health promotion in Germany.

Workplace health promotion (WHP) is often faced with low-participation rates despite high relevance. This limits the potential for creating positive effects for the organization and its staff. Therefore, we investigated the barriers perceived by employees themselves using a representative sample (regarding age, gender and education) in Germany. Data were collected using a quantitative online questionnaire and then analyzed regarding underlying patterns. We found that there are different barrier types, and their importance differs depending on demographic criteria of the participants and the organizations they work for. These results can help organizations to reduce participation barriers to WHP for their staff.

Psychosocial Risk Management in the Teaching Profession: A Systematic Review.

Teachers are facing various job demands with psychosocial aspects being fundamental due to the nature of the occupation. Although teachers' work is associated with different psychosocial health risks, little is known on how to identify and tackle those. Thus, a systematic literature search as per the PRISMA statement was conducted via MEDLINE (PubMed), PSYNDEX (PubPsych), and ScienceDirect. Two reviewers independently screened 2261 titles and abstracts and 169 full-texts. According to the inclusion criteria established a priori, articles from peer-reviewed journals (English or German) on psychosocial risk management in teachers were incorporated. Despite a comprehensive and sensitive search, only four publications could be identified, outlining a process to implement risk management and different assessment tools. Taken together, data presented in the articles were scarce. Recommendations for process steps and the assessment of psychosocial risks can be derived from the findings. To implement effective psychosocial risk management in the teaching profession, further research is needed, though. Effective and practicable approaches, which are accepted by the target group, should be further developed and investigated. Relevant causes of occupational strain in the teaching profession must be identified and assessed reliably. Low-threshold interventions should be implemented, and the outcome must be evaluated afterward.