RESUMO
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Lipid metabolism disorders contribute to a range of human diseases, including liver-related pathologies. Rabbits, highly sensitive to dietary cholesterol, provide a model for understanding the development of liver disorders. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein isoform 2 (SREBP2) crucially regulates intracellular cholesterol pathways. Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) has shown reducing cholesterol levels and restoring liver parameters affected by HFD. The aim was to investigate the molecular impact of an HFD and supplemented with EVOO on rabbit liver cholesterol metabolism. APPROACH & RESULTS: Male rabbits were assigned to dietary cohorts, including control, acute/chronic HFD, sequential HFD with EVOO, and EVOO. Parameters such as serum lipid profiles, hepatic enzymes, body weight, and molecular analyses. After 6 months of HFD, plasma and hepatic cholesterol increased with decreased SREBP2 and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) expression. Prolonged HFD increased cholesterol levels, upregulating SREBP2 mRNA and HMGCR protein. Combining this with EVOO lowered cholesterol, increased SREBP2 mRNA, and upregulated low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) expression. HFD-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease was mitigated by EVOO. In conclusion, the SREBP2 system responds to dietary changes. CONCLUSIONS: In rabbits, the SREBP2 system responds to dietary changes. Acute HFD hinders cholesterol synthesis, while prolonged HFD disrupts regulation, causing SREBP2 upregulation. EVOO intake prompts LDLR upregulation, potentially enhancing cholesterol clearance and restoring hepatic alterations.
Assuntos
Colesterol , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Fígado , Azeite de Oliva , Proteína de Ligação a Elemento Regulador de Esterol 2 , Animais , Coelhos , Azeite de Oliva/administração & dosagem , Azeite de Oliva/farmacologia , Masculino , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Dieta Hiperlipídica/efeitos adversos , Colesterol/metabolismo , Colesterol/sangue , Proteína de Ligação a Elemento Regulador de Esterol 2/metabolismo , Proteína de Ligação a Elemento Regulador de Esterol 2/genética , Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/metabolismo , Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/genética , Receptores de LDL/metabolismo , Receptores de LDL/genética , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Mate is the national infusion of Argentina and its properties on human health have not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes in lipid profile in dyslipidemic patients supplemented with yerba mate. METHODS: 121 dyslipidemic subjects (total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDLC) cholesterol and / or triglycerides (TG) elevated) without lipid-lowering therapy, both sexes (74 women and 47 men) between 40 and 60 years old were studied. After six weeks of mate abstinence, lipid profile and atherogenic index (AI), body composition by anthropometry and recent intake of energy, nutrients and food groups by food frequency questionnaire were analyzed. Daily consumption of mate prepared with 50 g or 100 g of yerba mate was indicated, plus the instruction not to alter eating habits, smoking, medication or exercise. All determinations were repeated after six and twelve weeks. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's T test for paired samples or Wilcoxon test according to normality of the variables (p <0.05). RESULTS: At the end of twelve weeks, TC fell 9.49% (21.66 mg/dL), LDLC fell 11.95% (17.96 mg/dL) HDLC fell 3.34% (1.65 mg/dL) and AI dropped 6.58% (0.31 points), p <0.001 for all cases. TG decreased 7.02% (10.74 mg/dl; p = 0.029) only in 50 g yerba mate consumers. Anthropometric and nutritional variables did not change significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Daily consumption of mate produces a time-dependent decrease in TC and its fractions in dyslipidemic subjects.
Introducción: El mate es la infusión nacional de Argentina y sus propiedades en la salud humana no han sido totalmente aclaradas. Objetivos: Evaluar las modificaciones del perfil lipídico en pacientes dislipidémicos suplementados con yerba mate. Métodos: Se estudiaron 121 individuos dislipidémicos (Colesterol Total (CT), Colesterol LDL (CLDL) y/o Triglicéridos (TG) elevados) de ambos sexos (74 mujeres y 47 varones) entre 40 y 60 años, sin tratamiento hipolipemiante. Luego de seis semanas de abstinencia de mate, se analizó su perfil lipídico e índice aterogénico (IA), composición corporal a través de antropometría y consumo reciente de energía, nutrientes y grupos de alimentos a través de cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo. Se indicó el consumo diario de mate preparado con 50g o 100g de yerba mate. Se indicó no alterar hábitos alimentarios, tabaquismo, medicación ni ejercicio físico. Se repitieron las determinaciones luego de seis y doce semanas. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante prueba T de Student para muestras relacionadas o prueba de Wilcoxon según normalidad de las variables (p.