Implant survival rate and marginal bone loss with the all-on-4 immediate-loading strategy: A clinical retrospective study with 1 to 4 years of follow-up.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Assessing peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL) and its risk factors with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) may clarify the risk factors for the all-on-4 (5 or 6) strategy and further improve its survival rate. PURPOSE: The purpose of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate the implant survival rate, MBL, and associated risk factors of all-on-4 (5 or 6) prostheses after 1 to 4 years of follow-up with CBCT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 56 participants rehabilitated with 325 implants by using the all-on-4 (5 or 6) concept between October 2015 and December 2019 were included. Outcome measures were cumulative implant survival (life-table analysis) and MBL. Four CBCT scans, a scan immediately after surgery (T0), a scan 1 year after surgery (T1), a scan 2 years after surgery (T2), and a scan 3 to 4 years after treatment (T3), were obtained to evaluate the MBL. The Pearson correlation coefficient analysis and linear mixed models were performed to assess the potential risk factors for MBL (α=.05). RESULTS: The implant survival rate was 99.38%, and the prosthesis survival rate was 100%. The reductions in the vertical buccal bone height (△VBBH) were 0.74 ±0.10 mm (T0-T1), 0.37 ±0.12 mm (T1-T2), and 0.15 ±0.14 mm (T2-T3). Except for T2-T3, the △VBBH showed a significant difference at T0-T1 and T1-T2 (P≤.05). The alterations in vertical mesial bone height (VMBH), vertical distal bone height (VDBH), and vertical lingual bone height (VLBH) were similar to the trend observed in VBBH. The △VBBH (T0-T3) was negatively correlated with the horizontal buccal bone thickness (HBBT) (T0) (r=-.394, P<.001). Linear mixed models revealed that factors such as smoking (P=.001), mandible implant site (P<.001), immediate implant (P=.026), tilted implant (P<.001), female sex (P=.003), systemic disease (P=.025), and bruxism (P=.022) negatively affected MBL. The cantilever length (CL) also had a negative effect on MBL around the implants at the distal extension (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: The high implant and prosthesis survival rates and low MBL confirmed the predictability of the all-on-4 (5 or 6) concept. Smoking, mandible implant site, systemic disease, bruxism, female sex, immediate implant, tilted implant, and CL were identified as potential risk factors for MBL.

Public sense of dental implants on social media: A cross-sectional study based on text analysis of comments.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the most discussed topics and possible new interests in dental implants among the public, as well as the public sentiments toward dental implants through topic and sentiment analysis of online comments. METHODS: Comments of the top 100 most viewed dental implant-related YouTube videos were studied. The comments were analyzed by topic analysis (LDA topic model, Word co-occurrence analysis) and sentiment analysis. The basic information of videos was collected and classified. Video quality was evaluated by GQS criteria and 9-point usefulness scoring system. Statistical analyses were performed using Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U-tests, and Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS: 74 videos with 61,618 comments were considered eligible in this study. Most videos targeted the public with high viewing and comments, but the theme was single and the quality was low. From topic analysis, the most discussed topics in the comments were procedure, cost, feelings associated with prognosis, and expectations. Multidisciplinary approaches in implant dentistry were frequently discussed. From sentiment analysis, the public mainly expressed positive sentiment through comments. In detail, the public had positive feelings about aesthetics and health, negative feelings about pain, and neutral feelings about cost. CONCLUSION: The hot topics of public concern were procedure, cost, feelings associated with prognosis, and expectations. Intriguingly, multidisciplinary approaches in implant dentistry have emerged as a new hot subtopic within the topic "procedure". Based on the sentiment analysis of the comments, the general sentiment expressed by the public toward dental implants was predominantly positive. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Text mining can extract data from social media to explore public interest in dentistry. Clinicians should convey reasonable expectations and understanding about dental implants, especially addressing the most public-concerned topics (procedure, cost, feelings, and expectations), and provide patients with well-grounded multidisciplinary treatment plans to meet the growing public demand.

Intergenerational Transmission of Depression during Adolescence: The Mediating Roles of Hostile Attribution Bias, Empathic Concern, and Social Self-Concept.

Few studies have empirically examined the role of peer microsystem in the intergenerational transmission of depression, and more importantly, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this potential pathway of intergenerational transmission. The purpose of the current study was to examine the sequential mediation effects of adolescent hostile attribution bias, empathic concern, and social self-concept on the association between maternal depression and adolescent depression. An urban Chinese sample of 761 mother-child dyads was investigated when the adolescents were in secondary school (M = 14.36 years, range =12.33-16.92 years, 52.3% female). The results provided evidence of cross-generational continuity in depression during adolescence, and the hypothesized sequential mediation model was supported. The findings highlight the importance of peer-related factors during the intergenerational transmission of depression and have important implications for interpersonal interventions that aim to prevent depression during adolescence. The limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are briefly discussed.

Synthesis of polymeric monoliths via thiol-maleimide polymerization reaction for highly efficient chromatographic separation.

One-step thiol-maleimide polymerization reaction was firstly adopted for direct preparation of polymeric monoliths via alkaline-catalyzed reaction of 4,4'-bis(maleimidophenyl)methane (BMI) and trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate) (3SH)/pentaerythriol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate) (4SH) in the presence of a small amount of triethylamine (TEA). The polymerization could be performed within 3h, which was faster than thermal-initiated free radical polymerization. Two kinds of monoliths, poly(BMI-co-3SH) (marked as I) and poly(BMI-co-4SH) (marked as II), were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflection Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). Satisfactory chromatographic separation ability and column efficiency were gained for analysis of small molecular compounds such as alkylbenzenes, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (EPA 610) and phenols in reversed-phase capillary liquid chromatography (cLC). High column efficiency (180,500N/m) for butylbenzene was acquired on poly(BMI-co-3SH) column I-2, which was higher than those on most reported polymeric monoliths. A retention-independent efficient performance of small molecules was obtained by plotting of plate height (H) of alkylbenzenes versus the linear velocity (u). A term values in van Deemter equation of I-2 (1.72-0.24µm) and poly(BMI-co-4SH) column II-2 (5.28-4.14µm) were smaller than those of traditional organic/hybrid monoliths. Finally, as a practical application, 53 and 2184 unique peptides from the tryptic digests of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and HeLa cell proteins were positively identified with poly(BMI-co-3SH) monolith in cLC-MS.

Preparation and characterization of hydrophilic hybrid monoliths via thiol-ene click polymerization and their applications in chromatographic analysis and glycopeptides enrichment.

A macroporous hydrophilic organic-silica hybrid monolithic column was synthesized via photoinitiated thiol-ene click polymerization reaction of 1-thioglycerol-modified polyhedral oligomeric vinylsilsesquioxane (vinylPOSS) and dithiothreitol (DTT) in a binary porogenic system consisting of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and dodecanol. 1-Thioglycerol was used to modify vinylPOSS in order to form a precursor with good solubility in the binary porogenic system. The influences of both the ratio of 1-thioglycerol/vinylPOSS and the porogenic solvents on the morphology and permeability of hybrid monoliths were studied in detail. The physical properties of hybrid monolith were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurement. The chromatographic performance was evaluated by separation of neutral polar compounds in capillary liquid chromatography (cLC). The resulting column possessed homogeneous macroporous structure and showed hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) separation mechanism with high efficiency of 65,000Nm-1 for formamide. Ultimately, the hybrid matrix was grafted with hydrazine groups and then exhibited the ability of glycopeptides enrichment.

Rapid "one-pot" preparation of polymeric monolith via photo-initiated thiol-acrylate polymerization for capillary liquid chromatography.

A facile approach was exploited for fast preparation of polymer-based monoliths in UV-transparent fused-silica capillaries via "one-pot" photo-initiated thiol-acrylate polymerization reaction of dipentaerythritolpenta-/hexaacrylate (DPEPA) and 1-octadecanethiol (ODT) in the presence of porogenic solvents (1-butanol and ethylene glycol). Due to relative insensitivity of oxygen inhibition in thiol-ene free-radical polymerization, the polymerization could be performed within 5 min. The effects of composition of prepolymerization solution on the morphology and permeability of poly(ODT-co-DPEPA) monoliths were investigated in detail by adjusting the content of monomer and binary porogen ratio. The physical properties of poly(ODT-co-DPEPA) monoliths were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurement. The evaluation of chromatographic performance was carried out by capillary liquid chromatography (cLC). The results indicated that the poly(ODT-co-DPEPA) monolith was homogeneous and permeable, and also possessed a typical reversed-phase retention mechanism in cLC with high efficiency (∼75,000 N m(-1)) for separation of alkylbenzenes. Eventually, the further separation of tryptic digest of proteins by cLC tandem mass spectrometry (cLC-MS/MS) demonstrated its potential in the analysis of biological samples.

Improving permeability and chromatographic performance of poly(pentaerythritol diacrylate monostearate) monolithic column via photo-induced thiol-acrylate polymerization.

A simple approach was developed for rapid preparation of polymeric monolithic columns in UV-transparent fused-silica capillaries via photoinitiated thiol-acrylate polymerization of pentaerythritol diacrylate monostearate (PEDAS) and trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate) (TPTM) within 10min, in which the acrylate homopolymerized and copolymerized with the thiol simultaneously. The morphology, permeability and chromatographic performance of the resulting poly(PEDAS-co-TPTM) monoliths were studied. It could be observed from SEM that the morphology of poly(PEDAS-co-TPTM) monolith was rather different from that of poly(PEDAS) monolith, which was fabricated via photo-induced free radical polymerization using PEDAS as the sole monomer. Compared with poly(PEDAS) monolith, poly(PEDAS-co-TPTM) monolith possessed better permeability when they were fabricated under the same preparation conditions. By adjusting the composition of porogenic solvents, poly(PEDAS-co-TPTM) monolith exhibited lower plate heights (15.7-17.7µm) than poly(PEDAS) monolith (19.1-37.9µm) in µLC. In addition, 66 unique peptides were positively identified on poly(PEDAS-co-TPTM) monolith when tryptic digest of four proteins was separated by µLC-MS/MS, demonstrating its potential in proteome analysis.