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1.
J Clin Nurs ; 31(23-24): 3338-3349, 2022 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35083808

RESUMO

AIM: To map the factors associated with nurses' positive attitudes towards families' involvement in nursing care and to identify any existing gaps in knowledge. BACKGROUND: Several tools have been proposed to assess the attitudes, beliefs and practices of nurses towards families in different care contexts. However, there is a knowledge gap on how the results of these tools can identify the factors that are associated with more positive attitudes of nurses. DESIGN: A scoping review based on the steps proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. METHODS: Three independent reviewers searched the databases: PUBMED/Medline; LILACS; Virtual Health Library; PsycInfo; Google Scholar; SCOPUS and CINAHL, from 2006 to August 2021, guided by the question: What are the factors associated with nurses' positive attitudes towards families´ involvement in nursing care, in studies that used one or both of the following two scales 'Families' Importance in Nursing Care- Nurses' Attitudes' and 'Family Nursing Practice Scale'? This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA-ScR. RESULTS: Twenty-six primary studies were identified, in which 9,620 nurses participated. Positive attitudes were associated with three types of variables: (a) personal-longer working career (42.3%) and older age (26.9%); (b) educational-higher level of academic education (30.8%) and family nursing education (23.0%); and (c) workplace-working in primary health care and/or outpatient clinics (34.6%) or in a unit with philosophy/approach to families (23.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Personal variables such as age and time of service are non-modifiable aspects, but educational and workplace variables are subject to intervention to improve nurses' attitudes towards families' involvement in nursing care. Continuing development programmes about family care can constitute important strategies to improve positive attitudes of nurses towards families in practice. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Recognising the characteristics associated with nurses´ positive attitudes towards families may enable the development of tailored interventions that promote family-focused care.


Assuntos
Enfermagem Familiar , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros , Cuidados de Enfermagem , Humanos , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Otimismo
2.
Collegian ; 29(3): 288-295, 2022 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35316973

RESUMO

Background: Coronaphobia is an excessive fear of becoming infected by the COVID-19 virus. Situations of coronaphobia against health professionals have been identified. Therefore, there is a need to develop studies to understand family impact and experience of COVID-19 pandemic and coronaphobia. Aim: To describe the coronaphobia experience of health professionals and of one of their family members during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Exploratory qualitative study using narrative inquiry was used. This study was guided by the concept of coronaphobia and Family Systems Nursing as conceptual frameworks. Face-to-face and telephone interviews were conducted from September to November 2020 with 14 health professionals, including nurses and physicians and one of their family members (n = 14). Findings: Three descriptive themes were identified which highlight professional-family dyads' experience of coronaphobia as a reciprocal and relational process. Coronaphobia was demonstrated by unknown or close people, in a disguised or explicit way, and generated suffering in the dyads and in the family unit. Consequently, individual and/or family strategies were developed to allow for the protection of the family system and the maintenance of its functioning. Discussion: This study describes how the dyads of health professionals and their family members identify the experiences of coronaphobia. In addition, it was possible to analyze the repercussions of coronaphobia on the dyad and the strategies they used to deal with it. Conclusions: This study extends understanding about the relationships between the experience of coronaphobia among health professionals and one of their family members and the experience of physical, cognitive and emotional suffering during the COVID-19 pandemic.

3.
Rev Esc Enferm USP ; 53: e03435, 2019 Feb 25.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30810629

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the best qualitative evidence regarding the perception of family members, patients and health professionals about family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and invasive procedures. METHOD: Systematic review with meta-synthesis performed in the databases of Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, LILACS, MEDLINE, Embase and VHL. Articles published between 2010 and 2017 were included and evaluated with use of the Qualitative Data Extraction Instrument. RESULTS: In total, were found 2,391 articles, out of which 26 were selected, and 24 were analyzed. The identified meta-theme was 'A pendular perspective: different views on family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and invasive procedures', which is supported by the following themes: Benefits resulting from family presence; Disadvantages and/or limiting factors of family presence; and Context: environmental, sociocultural and care factors influencing the perception of family presence. CONCLUSION: The perception of family members, patients and professionals about family presence is still controversial. The sensitization of these subjects can potentiate the practice by making it more systematized and qualified.


Assuntos
Reanimação Cardiopulmonar/métodos , Família/psicologia , Pessoal de Saúde/psicologia , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Humanos
4.
J Adv Nurs ; 73(3): 633-642, 2017 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27653638

RESUMO

AIM: The aim of this study was to understand the patterns of behaviour from relatives of critically ill patients admitted to the emergency room. BACKGROUND: Admission of a critically ill family member to an accident and emergency department is often a sudden and unexpected experience for the family. This stressful event often creates feelings of instability and intense suffering in relatives. Understanding the experiences of these families is essential for the provision of comprehensive health care in the emergency room. DESIGN: A focused ethnography design was applied to the study. METHODS: Peripheral participant observation and informal conversations were conducted in an emergency room in southern Brazil during January 2015. Analysis of data was based on Leininger. FINDINGS: Suffering was recurrent among family members of critically ill patients admitted to the emergency room. The environment, which was conditioned by the patient's life-threatening situation and professionals' attitudes, resulted in relatives experiencing a range of feelings from suffering to calm. A distant approach and poor communication of professionals made relatives confused and silent. Factors that seemed to foster feelings of calm in families were the establishment of a continuous and close communication with professionals and the possibility to remain with the patient outside the established visiting hours. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study challenge emergency department providers and managers to promote comprehensive care in the emergency room by inviting family members to be with the patient and by engaging in family-centred care.


Assuntos
Antropologia Cultural , Estado Terminal , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Família/psicologia , Brasil , Humanos , Admissão do Paciente , Relações Profissional-Família
5.
Rev Gaucha Enferm ; 36(2): 14-20, 2015 Jun.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26334403

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To study the factors that influence the perception of acute pain and the consequences of this experience in patients suffering from mild trauma. METHOD: Descriptive qualitative study conducted in an emergency service in southern Brazil. Data was collected in October 2013, through semi-structured interviews with 29 individuals who reported pain after physical trauma, regardless of the triggering factor. To process the data, we used a Content Analysis technique, subject modality. RESULTS: Two categories emerged: Factors that influence the perception of pain resulting from trauma and, Consequences of acute pain due to trauma. The acute pain sensation was influenced by biological, emotional, spiritual and socio-cultural factors and induced biological and emotional consequences for individuals. CONCLUSION: The health professionals need to consider the factors that influence soreness and its consequences for the proper assessment and management of pain resulting from trauma.


Assuntos
Dor Aguda/psicologia , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Percepção da Dor , Ferimentos e Lesões/psicologia , Acidentes Domésticos , Dor Aguda/etiologia , Dor Aguda/enfermagem , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Ansiedade/etiologia , Brasil , Emergências , Emoções , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Estresse Fisiológico , Estresse Psicológico/etiologia , Ferimentos e Lesões/complicações , Ferimentos e Lesões/enfermagem , Adulto Jovem
6.
Rev Esc Enferm USP ; 58: e20230417, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38767848

RESUMO

The objective of the study was to identify the main challenges in conducting research with immigrants and refugees and to provide seven methodological and pragmatic strategies. The analyses presented, based on the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality, are extracted from insights of the authors' experiences as researchers and the literature. The main challenges are related to cultural, moral, political, and educational differences between researcher and researched; identification of the universe and sampling; access to informants through the barrier of distrust; and communication and language difficulties. Strategies to make research more successful involve: developing a thorough research protocol; creatively recruiting participants; developing strategies to facilitate communication; having a sensitive look; offering a structure of reciprocity; increasing trust, and triangulating research. The main methodological and pragmatic issues in studies with immigrants and refugees were explored, providing valuable guidance for future projects. However, in different migration situations, researchers must be aware of the possibility of other challenges arising during the investigative process.


Assuntos
Emigrantes e Imigrantes , Pesquisa em Enfermagem , Refugiados , Humanos , Pesquisa em Enfermagem/métodos
7.
Rev Bras Enferm ; 77(1): e20230225, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38716908

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: to learn the meanings attributed to pregnancy loss by women with Lupus. METHOD: qualitative research, based on Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory. Data collection took place between January and August 2022 through in-depth interviews. Data analysis went through the stages of initial and focused coding. RESULTS: seventeen women participated. The central phenomenon "The climb to motherhood: falls and overcoming" was constructed, consisting of three categories: "Falling to the ground during the climb: the experience of pregnancy loss"; "Getting up and following the path: new attempts to conceive"; and "Remembering the journey: meanings attributed to pregnancy losses". FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: experiencing pregnancy is, analogously, like climbing a mountain, where obstacles need to be overcome to reach the summit. The experience of pregnancy loss is seen as complex, especially when there is fragility in healthcare and a lack of awareness regarding feelings of loss and grief.


Assuntos
Aborto Espontâneo , Teoria Fundamentada , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Humanos , Feminino , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/psicologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/fisiopatologia , Gravidez , Adulto , Aborto Espontâneo/psicologia , Entrevistas como Assunto/métodos
8.
Rev Gaucha Enferm ; 45: e20230141, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39166602

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To understand the meanings attributed to pregnancy in the context of Lupus and antiphospholipid syndrome by women and healthcare professionals. METHOD: Qualitative research, using Symbolic Interactionism as a theoretical framework and Grounded Theory, a constructivist perspective. Data were collected between January and August 2022, through online interviews with 27 women with Lupus located on the social network Facebook and in-person or remote interviews with 12 healthcare professionals. RESULTS: The theoretical model constructed has two categories: "Equal conditions, distinct experiences: experiencing the gestational process" shows that obstetric complications and lack of connection with healthcare professionals trigger negative meanings to the experience; and "Therapeutic management interfering in the attribution of meanings to the experience", demonstrates that the way women interact with healthcare professionals and how they manage treatment favors a positive reframing. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The meanings attributed to pregnancy are elaborated and modified according to the interpretation of previous and current experiences, healthcare trajectory and interactions with healthcare professionals. Previous guidance, planning, bonding and trust in healthcare professionals enable positive meanings, while obstetric complications, unqualified assistance and lack of bonding with professionals provide negative meanings.


Assuntos
Síndrome Antifosfolipídica , Teoria Fundamentada , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico , Complicações na Gravidez , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/psicologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/psicologia , Adulto , Complicações na Gravidez/psicologia , Relações Profissional-Paciente , Adulto Jovem , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Pessoal de Saúde/psicologia
9.
Can J Nurs Res ; 56(2): 151-163, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38641885

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The experiences of providers and immigrants/refugees related to healthcare in the Latin American context have not yet been aggregated. This study aimed to synthesize the qualitative evidence on this theme. METHOD: A systematic review of qualitative evidence with meta-synthesis. After identification, eligible studies were evaluated for methodological quality, and information was systematically analyzed. RESULTS: The sample comprised 26 articles. The meta-theme shows that the experiences of providers and immigrants/refugees are determined by multilevel factors. In a macro-context, these factors involve the vulnerabilities of immigrants/refugees and the healthcare system/model, and in a closer context, they involve the lack of professional training in cultural skills and communication; language barriers; and prejudice/xenophobia. Within healthcare, the relationship is mostly conflictual, asymmetric, and unable to solve problems, leading to negative repercussions for both. CONCLUSIONS: Managers involved in developing public policies and providers must consider improving the interrelationship between healthcare services and the migrant population.


Assuntos
Emigrantes e Imigrantes , América Latina , Humanos , Emigrantes e Imigrantes/psicologia , Pessoal de Saúde/psicologia , Atenção à Saúde/organização & administração
10.
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem ; 31: e4043, 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol, Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37937598

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: to examine the repercussions of the pandemic on the family system by focusing on the perspective of family members who contracted and experienced COVID-19. METHOD: an exploratory study with a qualitative approach conducted with 27 individuals who had COVID-19. Data collection took place through telephone interviews that were audio-recorded and guided by a semi-structured instrument. Data analysis was based on an inductive process supported by Reflexive Thematic Analysis. RESULTS: the pandemic and illness of a family member acted as driving forces generating new and intense movements in the family system. Initially, they noticed negative repercussions such as concerns, fear, anguish, stress, distancing and social isolation. As time progressed and by using technologies to ease communication, they began to perceive positive repercussions such as increased proximity, strengthening of ties, development of new roles and care. The families also identified recovery of a balanced position, with return of certain readjustment in family dynamics and functioning. CONCLUSION: health professionals need to recognize that the COVID-19 disease has imposed repercussions on family systems, proposing interventions that help families face this moment and more easily recover a balanced position for their functioning.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Humanos , Relações Familiares , Família , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Ansiedade
11.
Rev Esc Enferm USP ; 57: e20230009, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38131439

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To understand the meanings attributed to family relationships by women who have experienced domestic violence. METHOD: Explanatory study using Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory as references. Data were collected from March to November 2021, through online interviews with 23 women found on the social media application Facebook®. RESULTS: Data analysis allowed the construction of a theoretical model consisting of three processes: "We learned that it was normal to be mistreated": experiencing a context of violence in the family of origin; "I just wanted a family": experiencing partner violence and redefining family relationships in the context of violence. CONCLUSION: The meanings attributed to family relationships are elaborated and modified according to the interpretation, trajectory of confrontation, and interactions of women with other individuals and objects in the social web, over time. When experiencing domestic violence, women give new meaning to their feelings and begin to attribute new values, emotions, and empathy to family relationships, expanding their understanding of their weaknesses and potential.


Assuntos
Violência Doméstica , Humanos , Feminino , Teoria Fundamentada , Violência Doméstica/psicologia , Relações Familiares , Emoções
12.
ANS Adv Nurs Sci ; 45(1): E1-E14, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34267047

RESUMO

This study aimed to explore the experiences of patients, relatives, and health professionals about family presence during emergency care. In this grounded theory, 42 participants were interviewed from October 2016 to February 2017 in 2 Brazilian emergency rooms. Data collection and analysis were based on the constant comparative method. Findings identified that there is a social meaning about family presence during emergency care, which is conditioned, sporadic, and variable, and health professionals are responsible for the decision. The implementation of family systems care in emergency rooms is required to meet the needs of both patients and families. A Supplemental Digital Content video abstract is available at http://links.lww.com/ANS/A30.


Assuntos
Serviços Médicos de Emergência , Pessoal de Saúde , Coleta de Dados , Família , Teoria Fundamentada , Humanos , Projetos de Pesquisa
13.
Rev Bras Enferm ; 75(4): e20200847, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35442302

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To understand how people with lupus experience the diagnosis and how they deal with complications arising from the disease. METHOD: Qualitative study, whose data were collected between February and July 2019, through semi-structured interviews with 26 individuals and submitted to content analysis. RESULTS: Three categories emerged that show illness from lupus as a difficult experience, permeated by sadness, fear and suffering, which, in addition to being linked to society's lack of knowledge about the disease, negatively impacts the lives of those who experience it. Furthermore, they show that the time of living with the disease favors the development of self-care strategies and greater therapeutic adherence and, consequently, longer periods of disease remission. CONSIDERATIONS: More disclosure about the disease and its implications in the daily lives of those affected is essential, culminating in greater understanding of family, friends and colleagues and improvements in health care and quality of life for these people.


Assuntos
Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico , Qualidade de Vida , Humanos , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/terapia , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Autocuidado
14.
Rev Esc Enferm USP ; 55: e20210007, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34528998

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To know the perception of health professionals and their families about fake news related to the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: Descriptive-exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Twenty-eight individuals participated, including seven physicians, seven nurses, and 14 family members. Data collection took place between August and October 2020, with audio-recorded interviews. After transcription, the content was analyzed using Content Analysis, thematic modality. RESULTS: Three categories were identified: "Context of the occurrence and dissemination of fake news in times of pandemic"; "Consequences of fake news on the experience of the pandemic"; and "Coping strategies to contain/combat fake news". CONCLUSION: Sociocultural, political, educational, and technological aspects influence the occurrence and dissemination of fake news, which have consequences such as: misinformation, self-medication, worsening in the professional-patient relationship, increased need for additional research, and fear in the population. To face the current situation, greater control by the State is required, with investigation and punishment of people who disseminate fake news, as well as greater awareness among the population on the subject.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Pandemias , Enganação , Humanos , Percepção , SARS-CoV-2
15.
Rev Bras Enferm ; 73(6): e20190511, 2020 Sep 07.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32901738

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: to understand the meanings attributed by the Family Health Strategy (FHS) nurses to the management competencies essential to the performance of their actions. METHOD: explanatory, qualitative study, whose methodological framework was based on Grounded Theory. A total of 12 Family Health Strategy nurses from a municipality in southern Brazil participated through semi-structured interviews, between December 2018 and February 2019. RESULTS: the experience was understood by the phenomenon "Lapidating management competencies daily to play the role of a nurse in the context of the Family Health Strategy". As action/interaction strategies, the following categories emerged: "Evidencing the management skills of Family Health Strategy nurses" and "Recognizing the need for strategies to work on specificities in the context of the Family Health Strategy". FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: according to the meanings attributed by nurses, there are several essential management skills for the work in the Family Health Strategy, but they are still little worked and developed in this context, mainly because it is a complex health care scenario.


Assuntos
Saúde da Família , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros , Brasil , Teoria Fundamentada , Humanos , Pesquisa Qualitativa
16.
Rev Bras Enferm ; 72(4): 880-888, 2019 Aug 19.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31432942

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: todescribe the application of educational intervention performed with working men and identify, according to their perceptions, the main results obtained. METHODS: a descriptive and exploratory research, of qualitative nature, developed in a municipality of Southern Brazil, with 35 metallurgists. Data were collected between March and June 2014, through the recording of the operating groups and participant observation. Transcripts and field diaries were submitted to content analysis. RESULTS: participants intensified their interest in the search for health information, and some of them managed to implement changes in lifestyles, especially in relation to eating habits and sedentarism, and the support of the group was perceived as motivating for the changes. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: health education activities that embrace meaningful themes for participants and are built by a cohesive group whose members support each other, favor lifestyle modification.


Assuntos
Promoção da Saúde/normas , Saúde do Homem/normas , Percepção , Local de Trabalho/psicologia , Adulto , Brasil , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Humanos , Relações Interpessoais , Masculino , Motivação , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Local de Trabalho/normas
17.
Rev Bras Enferm ; 72(6): 1684-1691, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31644761

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: to understand the process that leads adult and family patients to support family presence in emergency care. METHOD: a qualitative study that adopted Symbolic Interactionism as a theoretical reference and the Grounded Theory as a methodological framework. The theoretical sample consisted of 15 relatives and 15 patients assisted at two emergency units in the South of Brazil. Data were analyzed using open, axial and selective coding. RESULTS: the central category "Convergence of ideas: family members and patients supporting family presence in emergency care" is supported by the categories: "Affectionate relationship among family members"; "Tacit obligation to care for the sick relative"; "Benefits for the family"; "Benefits for the patient"; and "Benefits for the health team". CONCLUSION: family presence in emergency care provides maintenance and strengthening of affectionate bonds among relatives and the experience of more sensitive and qualified care.


Assuntos
Família/psicologia , Pacientes/psicologia , Visitas a Pacientes/psicologia , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/organização & administração , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/normas , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Teoria Fundamentada , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pacientes/estatística & dados numéricos , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Visitas a Pacientes/estatística & dados numéricos
18.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; 58: e20230417, 2024. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1559057

RESUMO

ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to identify the main challenges in conducting research with immigrants and refugees and to provide seven methodological and pragmatic strategies. The analyses presented, based on the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality, are extracted from insights of the authors' experiences as researchers and the literature. The main challenges are related to cultural, moral, political, and educational differences between researcher and researched; identification of the universe and sampling; access to informants through the barrier of distrust; and communication and language difficulties. Strategies to make research more successful involve: developing a thorough research protocol; creatively recruiting participants; developing strategies to facilitate communication; having a sensitive look; offering a structure of reciprocity; increasing trust, and triangulating research. The main methodological and pragmatic issues in studies with immigrants and refugees were explored, providing valuable guidance for future projects. However, in different migration situations, researchers must be aware of the possibility of other challenges arising during the investigative process.


RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio fue identificar los principales desafíos al realizar investigaciones con inmigrantes y refugiados y proporcionar siete estrategias metodológicas y pragmáticas. Los análisis presentados, basados en la Teoría de Diversidad y Universalidad de la Atención Cultural, se extraen de insights de las experiencias de los autores como investigadores y de la literatura. Los principales desafíos están relacionados con las diferencias culturales, morales, políticas y educativas entre investigador e investigado; identificación del universo y muestreo; acceso a informantes a través de la barrera de la desconfianza; y dificultades de comunicación y lenguaje. Las estrategias para lograr que la investigación sea más exitosa implican: desarrollar un protocolo de investigación exhaustivo; reclutar participantes de forma creativa; desarrollar estrategias para facilitar la comunicación; tener una mirada sensible; ofrecer una estructura de reciprocidad; aumentar la confianza y triangular la investigación. Se exploraron las principales cuestiones metodológicas y pragmáticas en los estudios con inmigrantes y refugiados, proporcionando una valiosa orientación para proyectos futuros. Sin embargo, en diferentes situaciones migratorias, los investigadores deben ser conscientes de la posibilidad de que surjan otros desafíos durante el proceso de investigación.


RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi identificar os principais desafios na condução de pesquisas com imigrantes e refugiados e fornecer sete estratégias metodológicas e pragmáticas. As análises apresentadas, embasadas na Teoria da Diversidade e Universalidade do Cuidado Cultural, são extraídas de insights das experiências dos autores enquanto pesquisadores e da literatura. Os principais desafios relacionam-se a diferenças culturais, morais, políticas e educacionais entre pesquisador e pesquisado; identificação do universo e amostragem; acesso aos informantes pela barreira da desconfiança; e dificuldade de comunicação e idioma. As estratégias para tornar a pesquisa mais exitosa envolvem: desenvolver um minucioso protocolo de pesquisa; recrutar participantes de forma criativa; elaborar estratégias para facilitar a comunicação; ter olhar sensível; oferecer uma estrutura de reciprocidade; ampliar a confiança e triangular a pesquisa. Foram exploradas as principais questões metodológicas e pragmáticas nos estudos com imigrantes e refugiados, fornecendo orientações valiosas para projetos futuros. Entretanto, em diferentes situações de migração, os pesquisadores devem atentar-se para a possibilidade de surgirem outros desafios durante o processo investigativo.

19.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 77(1): e20230225, 2024. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1559457

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective: to learn the meanings attributed to pregnancy loss by women with Lupus. Method: qualitative research, based on Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory. Data collection took place between January and August 2022 through in-depth interviews. Data analysis went through the stages of initial and focused coding. Results: seventeen women participated. The central phenomenon "The climb to motherhood: falls and overcoming" was constructed, consisting of three categories: "Falling to the ground during the climb: the experience of pregnancy loss"; "Getting up and following the path: new attempts to conceive"; and "Remembering the journey: meanings attributed to pregnancy losses". Final considerations: experiencing pregnancy is, analogously, like climbing a mountain, where obstacles need to be overcome to reach the summit. The experience of pregnancy loss is seen as complex, especially when there is fragility in healthcare and a lack of awareness regarding feelings of loss and grief.


RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender los significados atribuidos a la pérdida del embarazo por mujeres con Lupus. Método: investigación cualitativa, basada en el Interaccionismo Simbólico y la Teoría Fundamentada en Datos. La recolección de datos se realizó entre enero y agosto de 2022, mediante entrevistas en profundidad. El análisis de datos pasó por las etapas de codificación inicial y focalizada. Resultados: participaron 17 mujeres. Se construyó el fenómeno central "La subida a la maternidad: caídas y superación", conformado por tres categorías: "Caer al suelo durante la subida: la experiencia de la pérdida del embarazo"; "Levantarse y seguir el camino: nuevos intentos de concebir"; y "Recordando el viaje: significados atribuidos a las pérdidas de embarazos". Consideraciones finales: vivir el embarazo es, análogamente, como escalar una montaña, donde es necesario superar obstáculos para llegar a la cima. La experiencia de la pérdida del embarazo se considera compleja, especialmente cuando hay fragilidad en la atención de salud y falta de conciencia sobre los sentimientos de pérdida y duelo.


RESUMO Objetivo: apreender os significados atribuídos à perda gestacional por mulheres com lúpus. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, pautada no Interacionismo Simbólico e na Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre janeiro e agosto de 2022, mediante entrevistas em profundidade. A análise de dados percorreu as etapas de codificação inicial e focalizada. Resultados: participaram 17 mulheres. Construiu-se o fenômeno central "A escalada da maternidade: quedas e superações", constituído por três categorias: "Caindo ao chão durante a subida: a vivência da perda gestacional"; "Levantando e seguindo o caminho: novas tentativas de gestar"; e "Rememorando o percurso: significados atribuídos às perdas gestacionais". Considerações finais: vivenciar a gestação é, analogicamente, como escalar uma montanha, onde obstáculos precisam ser vencidos até o alcance do cume. A vivência de perdas gestacionais é significada como complexa, em especial quando há fragilidade na assistência à saúde e falta de sensibilização diante dos sentimentos de perda e luto.

20.
Rev. gaúch. enferm ; 45: e20230141, 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1569944

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the meanings attributed to pregnancy in the context of Lupus and antiphospholipid syndrome by women and healthcare professionals. Method: Qualitative research, using Symbolic Interactionism as a theoretical framework and Grounded Theory, a constructivist perspective. Data were collected between January and August 2022, through online interviews with 27 women with Lupus located on the social network Facebook and in-person or remote interviews with 12 healthcare professionals. Results: The theoretical model constructed has two categories: "Equal conditions, distinct experiences: experiencing the gestational process" shows that obstetric complications and lack of connection with healthcare professionals trigger negative meanings to the experience; and "Therapeutic management interfering in the attribution of meanings to the experience", demonstrates that the way women interact with healthcare professionals and how they manage treatment favors a positive reframing. Final considerations: The meanings attributed to pregnancy are elaborated and modified according to the interpretation of previous and current experiences, healthcare trajectory and interactions with healthcare professionals. Previous guidance, planning, bonding and trust in healthcare professionals enable positive meanings, while obstetric complications, unqualified assistance and lack of bonding with professionals provide negative meanings.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender los significados atribuidos al embarazo en el contexto del Lupus y del síndrome antifosfolípido por mujeres y profesionales de la salud. Método: Investigación cualitativa, que utilizó como marco teórico el Interaccionismo simbólico y metodológico, la Teoría Fundamentada, una vertiente constructivista. Los datos fueron recolectados entre enero y agosto de 2022, a través de entrevistas online a 27 mujeres con Lupus ubicadas en la red social Facebook y entrevistas presenciales o remotas a 12 profesionales de la salud. Resultados: El modelo teórico construido tiene dos categorías: "Condiciones iguales, experiencias diferentes: vivir el proceso gestacional" muestra que las complicaciones obstétricas y la falta de conexión con los profesionales de la salud desencadenan significados negativos a la experiencia; y Gestión terapéutica interfiriendo en la atribución de significados", demuestra que la forma en que las mujeres interactúan con los profesionales de la salud y cómo conducen el tratamiento favorece la resignificación positiva.. Consideraciones finales: Los significados atribuidos al embarazo son elaborados y modificados según la interpretación de experiencias pasadas y actuales, trayectoria de atención e interacciones con profesionales de la salud. La orientación previa, la planificación, la vinculación y la confianza en los profesionales de la salud posibilitan significados positivos, mientras que las complicaciones obstétricas, la asistencia no calificada y la falta de vínculo con los profesionales proporcionan significados negativos.


RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender os significados atribuídos à gravidez, no contexto do Lúpus e da Síndrome Antifosfolípide, por mulheres e profissionais de saúde. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, que utilizou como referencial teórico o Interacionismo simbólico e metodológico, a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, vertente construtivista. Os dados foram coletados entre janeiro e agosto de 2022, mediante entrevistas on-line com 27 mulheres com Lúpus, localizadas na rede social Facebook e em entrevistas presenciais ou remotas com 12 profissionais de saúde. Resultados: O modelo teórico construído possui duas categorias: "Condições iguais, experiências distintas: vivenciando o processo gestacional" mostra que complicações obstétricas e ausência de vínculo com os profissionais de saúde desencadeiam significados negativos à experiência; e "O manejo terapêutico interferindo na atribuição dos significados à experiência" demonstra que a forma com que a mulher interage com os profissionais de saúde e conduz o tratamento favorece a ressignificação positiva. Considerações finais: Os significados atribuídos à gestação são elaborados e modificados conforme a interpretação de experiências anteriores e atuais, trajetória assistencial e interações com os profissionais de saúde. A orientação prévia, o planejamento, o vínculo e a confiança nos profissionais de saúde possibilitam significados positivos. Já, as complicações obstétricas, a assistência não qualificada e ausência de vínculo com os profissionais produzem significados negativos.

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