Development of hyperglycemia and diabetes in captive Polish bank voles.

Diabetes has been detected in Danish and Swedish bank voles (Myodes glareolus). There are no data, however, concerning the prevalence of diabetes in populations from other geographic regions. We investigated the frequency and physiological effects of glucose metabolism disorders in captive bank voles from Poland. Single measurement of fasting blood glucose concentration performed in the 3-4month old captive-born bank Polish voles without any disease symptoms showed that 8% of individuals (22/284) displayed an impaired fasting glucose (IFG, blood glucose (BG) ≥100mg/dL) and 1% (4/284) showed hyperglycemia (BG ≥126mg/dL) which could suggest diabetes. Next, we analyzed blood glucose in samples taken once a month from an additional cohort of bank voles with (FHD), or without (H), a family history of diabetes. The prevalence of IFG at age six months was 26% (16/62) among bank voles from the H group. In the FHD group the prevalence increased to 49% (43/88), and additional 12% (11/88) became diabetic (DB, BG ≥126mg/dL at two time points). Postnatal stress (three maternal deprivations before weaning) did not affect the risk of developing IFG or DB in H voles, but significantly reduced the frequency of glucose metabolism disorders (IFG and DB combined) in FHD voles. IFG was associated with hyperinsulinemia, but not with other biochemical disturbances. Diabetic animals displayed a progressive malformation and vacuolization of ß-cells in the pancreas, without visible leukocytic infiltrations. In summary, our results indicate that Polish captive bank voles can develop diabetes, which shows features of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes in humans. Risk of diabetes is higher in animal with FHD.

[Frequency of hepatitis B and hepatitis C markers and HIV markers detection in blood donors from the Swietokrzyskie region]. / Czestosc wystepowania markerów wirusowego zapalenia watroby typu B i typu C oraz markerów HIV u krwiodawców z regionu swietokrzyskiego.

The study analysed the occur frequency of viral hepatitis type B and type C markers and HIV markers detected in blood donors from the region Swietokrzyskie in the years 2005-2009. In analysed period 78587 blood donors were screened for viral markers: 36360 first time donors and 42227 repeat donors. All reactive results were confirmed by another test. HBV markers was detected in 0.336% of the first time donors and 0.005% of the repeat donors (2 cases of occult HBV infection - OBI). HCV markers was detected in 0.597% of the first time donors and 0.024% of the repeat donors. HIV markers was detected in 0.003% of the first time donors and 0.012% of the repeat donors. It was found that the frequency was lower than the national average.