RESUMO
We report 2 cases of exclusion of visceral artery aneurysms. The first was a common hepatic artery aneurysm treated with a multilayer stent; the second was a celiac trunk aneurysm excluded by a covered stent. Computed tomographic angiography was performed at regular intervals after each procedure, together with echo color Doppler imaging and contrast-enhanced sonography. Computed tomographic angiography and contrast-enhanced sonography were able to detect endoleaks in both patients and the related inflow vessel; moreover, diameter measurements of the sacs were identical. In our preliminary experience, contrast-enhanced sonography appeared to be as accurate as computed tomographic angiography after endovascular visceral artery aneurysm exclusion.
Assuntos
Aneurisma/diagnóstico , Aneurisma/cirurgia , Artéria Celíaca/diagnóstico por imagem , Artéria Hepática/diagnóstico por imagem , Stents , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Artéria Celíaca/cirurgia , Meios de Contraste , Artéria Hepática/cirurgia , Humanos , Aumento da Imagem/métodos , Masculino , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Pseudoaneurysms are a rare complication of carotid endarterectomy. We successfully excluded with 2 overlapping bare stents a distal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm very likely induced by a Pruitt-Inahara shunt 2 months after carotid endarterectomy.
Assuntos
Falso Aneurisma/terapia , Artéria Carótida Interna/cirurgia , Estenose das Carótidas/cirurgia , Endarterectomia das Carótidas/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/instrumentação , Stents , Idoso , Falso Aneurisma/diagnóstico , Falso Aneurisma/etiologia , Falso Aneurisma/fisiopatologia , Artéria Carótida Interna/diagnóstico por imagem , Estenose das Carótidas/diagnóstico , Estenose das Carótidas/fisiopatologia , Endarterectomia das Carótidas/instrumentação , Humanos , Masculino , Desenho de Prótese , Fluxo Sanguíneo Regional , Fatores de Tempo , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento , Ultrassonografia Doppler em CoresRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The endovascular treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a treatment with low risk and good reported results. This retrospective study analyzed experience with patients requiring surgical conversion after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). METHODS: A total of 26 patients underwent open conversion (OC) after EVAR (18 endografts implanted at the authors' center and 8 in other centers). Patients were divided into 2 groups: early conversion if OC was performed within 30 days from the primary EVAR, and late conversion if OC was performed at least 30 days after EVAR. The authors analyzed all data on OC and the postoperative course. RESULTS: In this series, OC was performed for 22 endoleaks (13 type I, 5 type II, 2 type III, and 2 type V, which in 5 cases these were associated with AAA ruptures), 2 renal artery coverages, and 2 endograft infections. Six (23%) patients underwent early conversion with a mortality rate of 50%, and 20 (77%) had late conversion with a mortality rate of 20%. The overall mortality rate after OC, occurring before hospital discharge or within 30 days, was 26.9% (7 of 26). CONCLUSIONS: Endoleaks remain the weak point of endografts and can result in aneurysm rupture/death. Urgent OC and infections engender a high mortality. Elective OC can be performed with very low mortality and acceptable morbidity. Lifelong surveillance is necessary to detect and treat endoleaks.
Assuntos
Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/cirurgia , Ruptura Aórtica/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese Vascular , Endoleak/cirurgia , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/mortalidade , Ruptura Aórtica/diagnóstico , Ruptura Aórtica/etiologia , Ruptura Aórtica/mortalidade , Implante de Prótese Vascular/efeitos adversos , Implante de Prótese Vascular/mortalidade , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Eletivos , Emergências , Endoleak/diagnóstico , Endoleak/etiologia , Endoleak/mortalidade , Procedimentos Endovasculares/mortalidade , Feminino , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Itália , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reoperação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Falso Aneurisma/etiologia , Doença Iatrogênica , Glândula Tireoide/irrigação sanguínea , Idoso , Falso Aneurisma/diagnóstico , Falso Aneurisma/terapia , Artérias , Embolização Terapêutica/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Ataque Isquêmico Transitório/etiologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos VascularesRESUMO
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has recently become one of the most versatile and powerful diagnostic tools in vascular surgery. One of the most interesting fields of application of this technique is the study of the carotid atherosclerotic plaque vascularization and its correlation with neurological symptoms (transient ischemic attack, minor stroke, and major stroke) and with the characteristics of the "vulnerable plaque" (surface ulceration, hypoechoic plaques, intraplaque hemorrhage, thinner fibrous cap, and carotid plaque neovascularization at histopathological analysis of the sample after surgical removal). The purpose of this review is to collect all the original studies available in literature (24 studies with 1356 patients enrolled) and to discuss the state of the art, limits, and future perspectives of CEUS analysis. The results of this work confirm the reliability of this imaging study for the detection of plaques with high risk of embolization; however, a shared, user-friendly protocol of imaging analysis is not available yet. The definition of this operative protocol becomes mandatory in order to compare results from different centers and to validate a cerebrovascular risk stratification of the carotid atherosclerotic lesions evaluated with CEUS.
Assuntos
Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagem , Embolização Terapêutica/métodos , Placa Aterosclerótica/diagnóstico por imagem , Embolização Terapêutica/efeitos adversos , Humanos , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Perfluoropentane (PFP)-based oxygen-loaded nanobubbles (OLNBs) were previously proposed as adjuvant therapeutic tools for pathologies of different etiology sharing hypoxia as a common feature, including cancer, infection, and autoimmunity. Here we introduce a new platform of oxygen nanocarriers, based on 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (DFP) as core fluorocarbon. These new nanocarriers have been named oxygen-loaded nanodroplets (OLNDs) since DFP is liquid at body temperature, unlike gaseous PFP. Dextran-shelled OLNDs, available either in liquid or gel formulations, display spherical morphology, ~600 nm diameters, anionic charge, good oxygen carrying capacity, and no toxic effects on human keratinocytes after cell internalization. In vitro OLNDs result more effective in releasing oxygen to hypoxic environments than former OLNBs, as demonstrated by analysis through oxymetry. In vivo, OLNDs effectively enhance oxy-hemoglobin levels, as emerged from investigation by photoacoustic imaging. Interestingly, ultrasound (US) treatment further improves transdermal oxygen release from OLNDs. Taken together, these data suggest that US-activated, DFP-based OLNDs might be innovative, suitable and cost-effective devices to topically treat hypoxia-associated pathologies of the cutaneous tissues.