RESUMO
Despite some success in reducing HIV incidence, the global epidemic continues to grow. For every person with AIDS in developing countries placed on treatment in 2005, many others were newly infected. We need more effective prevention programs that focus interventions on those most at risk for HIV transmission (MART), particularly those with 1) high behavioral risk and 2) high viral loads due to acute or recent infection, co-infections with other diseases, high viral set points, or untreated AIDS. This article provides examples of how prevention programs can incorporate emerging testing technologies and social/behavioral approaches to reach these individuals, their partners, and the social networks where active transmission is occurring.
Assuntos
Sorodiagnóstico da AIDS/estatística & dados numéricos , Busca de Comunicante/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Prevenção Primária/métodos , Assunção de Riscos , Sorodiagnóstico da AIDS/métodos , Administração de Caso , Comorbidade , Aconselhamento Diretivo , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Herpes Simples/epidemiologia , Herpes Simples/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Uso Comum de Agulhas e Seringas/efeitos adversos , Grupo Associado , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Fatores de Risco , Parceiros Sexuais , Comportamento Social , Apoio Social , Sexo sem Proteção , Carga ViralRESUMO
Forty-five experts from around the world attended a 1-day seminar in September 2001 in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA, to identify ways that they might collaborate to overcome unnecessary barriers to the use of intrauterine devices (IUDs). Seminar participants formed working groups that produced at least three specific recommendations relating to: training/performance improvement; service delivery improvement; general public information; and clinical and programmatic research. Key recommendations included: integrating reproductive health knowledge and skills into curricula for all healthcare professionals; reviewing and reinforcing with providers evidence-based guidelines for IUD use; encouraging evidence-based review of the IUD label and package insert; and conducting further research about IUD client eligibility, potential health benefits, acceptability among clients and providers, and use by HIV-infected women. At the meeting's conclusion, a number of participants, representing the fields of research, policy, communications, donors, women's advocacy, and medicine, expressed an interest in refining and acting upon the recommendations. Hosted by Family Health International, the meeting was supported by the Mellon Foundation.