A CENH3 mutation promotes meiotic exit and restores fertility in SMG7-deficient Arabidopsis.

Meiosis in angiosperm plants is followed by mitotic divisions to form multicellular haploid gametophytes. Termination of meiosis and transition to gametophytic development is, in Arabidopsis, governed by a dedicated mechanism that involves SMG7 and TDM1 proteins. Mutants carrying the smg7-6 allele are semi-fertile due to reduced pollen production. We found that instead of forming tetrads, smg7-6 pollen mother cells undergo multiple rounds of chromosome condensation and spindle assembly at the end of meiosis, resembling aberrant attempts to undergo additional meiotic divisions. A suppressor screen uncovered a mutation in centromeric histone H3 (CENH3) that increased fertility and promoted meiotic exit in smg7-6 plants. The mutation led to inefficient splicing of the CENH3 mRNA and a substantial decrease of CENH3, resulting in smaller centromeres. The reduced level of CENH3 delayed formation of the mitotic spindle but did not have an apparent effect on plant growth and development. We suggest that impaired spindle re-assembly at the end of meiosis limits aberrant divisions in smg7-6 plants and promotes formation of tetrads and viable pollen. Furthermore, the mutant with reduced level of CENH3 was very inefficient haploid inducer indicating that differences in centromere size is not the key determinant of centromere-mediated genome elimination.

The AtRAD21.1 and AtRAD21.3 Arabidopsis cohesins play a synergistic role in somatic DNA double strand break damage repair.

BACKGROUND: The RAD21 cohesin plays, besides its well-recognised role in chromatid cohesion, a role in DNA double strand break (dsb) repair. In Arabidopsis there are three RAD21 paralog genes (AtRAD21.1, AtRAD21.2 and AtRAD21.3), yet only AtRAD21.1 has been shown to be required for DNA dsb damage repair. Further investigation of the role of cohesins in DNA dsb repair was carried out and is here reported. RESULTS: We show for the first time that not only AtRAD21.1 but also AtRAD21.3 play a role in somatic DNA dsb repair. Comet data shows that the lack of either cohesins induces a similar high basal level of DNA dsb in the nuclei and a slower DNA dsb repair kinetics in both cohesin mutants. The observed AtRAD21.3 transcriptional response to DNA dsb induction reinforces further the role of this cohesin in DNA dsb repair. The importance of AtRAD21.3 in DNA dsb damage repair, after exposure to DNA dsb damage inducing agents, is notorious and recognisably evident at the phenotypical level, particularly when the AtRAD21.1 gene is also disrupted. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrates that both Arabidopsis cohesin (AtRAD21.1 and AtRAD21.3) play a role in somatic DNA dsb repair. Furthermore, the phenotypical data from the atrad21.1 atrad21.3 double mutant indicates that these two cohesins function synergistically in DNA dsb repair. The implications of this data are discussed.

A complex role of Arabidopsis CDKD;3 in meiotic progression and cytokinesis.

Meiosis is a specialized cell division that halves the number of chromosomes in two consecutive rounds of chromosome segregation. In angiosperm plants is meiosis followed by mitotic divisions to form rudimentary haploid gametophytes. In Arabidopsis, termination of meiosis and transition to gametophytic development are governed by TDM1 and SMG7 that mediate inhibition of translation. Mutants deficient in this mechanism do not form tetrads but instead undergo multiple cycles of aberrant nuclear divisions that are likely caused by the failure to downregulate cyclin dependent kinases during meiotic exit. A suppressor screen to identify genes that contribute to meiotic exit uncovered a mutation in cyclin-dependent kinase D;3 (CDKD;3) that alleviates meiotic defects in smg7 deficient plants. The CDKD;3 deficiency prevents aberrant meiotic divisions observed in smg7 mutants or delays their onset after initiation of cytokinesis, which permits formation of functional microspores. Although CDKD;3 acts as an activator of cyclin-dependent kinase A;1 (CDKA;1), the main cyclin dependent kinase that regulates meiosis, cdkd;3 mutation appears to promote meiotic exit independently of CDKA;1. Furthermore, analysis of CDKD;3 interactome revealed enrichment for proteins implicated in cytokinesis, suggesting a more complex function of CDKD;3 in cell cycle regulation.

Meiotic exit in Arabidopsis is driven by P-body-mediated inhibition of translation.

Meiosis, at the transition between diploid and haploid life cycle phases, is accompanied by reprograming of cell division machinery and followed by a transition back to mitosis. We show that, in Arabidopsis, this transition is driven by inhibition of translation, achieved by a mechanism that involves processing bodies (P-bodies). During the second meiotic division, the meiosis-specific protein THREE-DIVISION MUTANT 1 (TDM1) is incorporated into P-bodies through interaction with SUPPRESSOR WITH MORPHOGENETIC EFFECTS ON GENITALIA 7 (SMG7). TDM1 attracts eIF4F, the main translation initiation complex, temporarily sequestering it in P-bodies and inhibiting translation. The failure of tdm1 mutants to terminate meiosis can be overcome by chemical inhibition of translation. We propose that TDM1-containing P-bodies down-regulate expression of meiotic transcripts to facilitate transition of cell fates to postmeiotic gametophyte differentiation.

In Medicago truncatula, water deficit modulates the transcript accumulation of components of small RNA pathways.

BACKGROUND: Small RNAs (sRNAs) are 20-24 nucleotide (nt) RNAs and are involved in plant development and response to abiotic stresses. Plants have several sRNA pathways implicated in the transcriptional and post-transcriptional silencing of gene expression. Two key enzyme families common to all pathways are the Dicer-like (DCL) proteins involved in sRNAs maturation and the Argonautes (AGOs) involved in the targeting and functional action of sRNAs. Post-transcriptional silencing mediated by AGOs may occur by cleavage or translational repression of target mRNA's, while transcriptional silencing may be controlled by DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling. Thus far, these gene families have not been characterized in legumes, nor has their involvement in adaptation to water deficit been studied. RESULTS: A bioinformatic search in Medicago truncatula genome databases, using Arabidopsis thaliana AGO and DCL cDNA and protein sequences, identified three sequences encoding for putative Dicer-like genes and twelve sequences encoding for putative Argonaute genes. Under water deficit conditions and mainly in roots, MtDCL1 and MtAGO1, two enzymes probably involved in the processing and activation of microRNAs (miRNAs), increased their transcript levels. mir162 which target DCL1 mRNA and mir168 which target AGO1 mRNA reduced their expression in the roots of plants subjected to water deficit. Three putative genes, MtDCL3, MtAGO4b and MtAGO4c probably involved in DNA methylation mechanisms, increased their mRNA levels. However, the mRNA levels of MtAGO6 reduced, which probably encodes a protein with functions similar to MtAGO4. MtAGO7 mRNA levels increased and possibly encodes a protein involved in the production of trans-acting small interfering RNAs. The transcript abundance of MtAGO12a, MtAGO12b and MtAGO12c reduced under water deprivation. Plants recovered from water deprivation reacquire the mRNA levels of the controls. CONCLUSIONS: Our work demonstrates that in M. truncatula the transcript accumulation of the components of small RNA pathways is being modulated under water deficit. This shows that the transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of gene expression mediated by sRNAs is probably involved in plant adaptation to abiotic environmental changes. In the future this will allow the manipulation of these pathways providing a more efficient response of legumes towards water shortage.

miR398 and miR408 are up-regulated in response to water deficit in Medicago truncatula.

Plant microRNAs have been implicated in various abiotic stress responses. We identified several conserved microRNAs that showed differential expression in Medicago truncatula plants subjected to water deficit: miR169 is down-regulated only in the roots and miR398a/b and miR408 are strongly up-regulated in both shoots and roots. Down-regulation of miR169 in the roots did not correlate with accumulation of its target MtHAP2-1 transcripts, suggesting that its regulation may not occur at the mRNA level or may depend on other regulatory mechanisms, which do not involve this miRNA, in water-deficit conditions. The up-regulation of miR398a/b and miR408 and the clear down-regulation of their respective target genes, which encode the copper proteins COX5b (subunit 5b of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase) and plantacyanin, highlight the involvement of these miRNAs in response to water deprivation in M. truncatula. Also, miR398 up-regulation is inversely correlated with the down-regulation of copper superoxide dismutase, CSD1, during water deficit. The regulation of genes encoding copper proteins by miR398a/b and miR408 suggests a link between copper homeostasis and M. truncatula adaptation to progressive water deficit.

Cognitive assessment in patients with Hepatitis C submitted to treatment with Sofosbuvir and Simeprevir or Daclatasvir.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C can be defined as an infectious disease that develops an inflammatory activity, which may cause an impairment in the central nervous system, may cause cognitive impairments and symptoms of depression. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to verify the cognitive performance of patients with chronic hepatitis C before and after treatment with simeprevir, sofosbuvir, and daclatasvir. METHODS: A prospective study was carried out in three stages: before, right after treatment, and six months after. Fifty-eight patients under clinical follow-up were evaluated at the Emílio Ribas Infectology Institute, in São Paulo, Brazil. The following instruments were used: sociodemographic questionnaire, Lawton's Scale, Beck's Depression Inventory, and a battery of neuropsychological tests that evaluated: intellectual function, memory, attention, executive function, and motor and processing speed). For statistical analysis, the analyses described (mean, frequency, and standard deviation), chi-square, and ANOVA were used. RESULTS: Most of the participants were male (n=30, 51.7%), with a mean of 58.23±8.79 years, mean schooling of 9.75±4.43 years. Comparing the results of neuropsychological evaluations (before, just after completion of drugs, and six months), a significant improvement was observed in relation to the acquisition of new knowledge (p=0.03), late visual memory (p=0.01), and tendency towards alternate attention (p=0.07). CONCLUSION: The treatment of the hepatitis C virus improved cognitive performance, especially in relation to memory.

Functional Characterization of SMG7 Paralogs in Arabidopsis thaliana.

SMG7 proteins are evolutionary conserved across eukaryotes and primarily known for their function in nonsense mediated RNA decay (NMD). In contrast to other NMD factors, SMG7 proteins underwent independent expansions during evolution indicating their propensity to adopt novel functions. Here we characterized SMG7 and SMG7-like (SMG7L) paralogs in Arabidopsis thaliana. SMG7 retained its role in NMD and additionally appears to have acquired another function in meiosis. We inactivated SMG7 by CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis and showed that, in contrast to our previous report, SMG7 is not an essential gene in Arabidopsis. Furthermore, our data indicate that the N-terminal phosphoserine-binding domain is required for both NMD and meiosis. Phenotypic analysis of SMG7 and SMG7L double mutants did not indicate any functional redundancy between the two genes, suggesting neofunctionalization of SMG7L. Finally, protein sequence comparison together with a phenotyping of T-DNA insertion mutants identified several conserved regions specific for SMG7 that may underlie its role in NMD and meiosis. This information provides a framework for deciphering the non-canonical functions of SMG7-family proteins.

Neuropsychological Assessment of 412 HIV-Infected Individuals in São Paulo, Brazil.

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain frequent even among individuals receiving combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). In addition, HAND may adversely affect the quality of life and adherence to cART. There is scarce epidemiological information about HAND in Latin America. This cross-sectional study recruited HIV-infected patients from a tertiary teaching institution in São Paulo, Brazil, between May 2013 and February 2015. The patients were adults with at least 4 years of education and patients with current neurological or psychiatric diseases were excluded. HAND remain frequent even among individuals receiving cART, use of psychoactive substance, or inability to understand the content for neuropsychological evaluation. We used standardized tools to evaluate depression, use of psychoactive substances, and daily life activities, and we performed a comprehensive neuropsychological examination. HAND was classified using the Frascati criteria. Prevalence of HAND was estimated, and an associated variable of symptomatic HAND was identified by logistic regression. Four-hundred twelve HIV-infected patients were included [male: 281 (68%), mean age of 45.3 years]. Most of them [n = 340 (83.7%)] had an undetectable viral load. The prevalence of HAND was 73.6% (n = 303): 210 (50.9%) had asymptomatic neurocognitive involvement (ANI), 67 (16.2%) had mild neurocognitive disorder (MND), and 26 (6.3%) had HIV-associated dementia (HAD). The univariate logistic regression analysis showed that female gender, age older than 50 years, <11 years of schooling, CD4 count below 200 cells/mm3, presence of previous illnesses (e.g., diabetes, hypertension), opportunistic disease history, and a Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score between 13 and 19 points were factors associated with symptomatic HAND (MND and HAD). However, a BDI score between 13 and 19 points was the single independent variable associated with symptomatic HAND. HAND was highly prevalent in São Paulo, Brazil, and ANI was the more frequent category of HAND. However, 22.5% of participants had symptomatic HAND. This finding constitutes a challenge in clinical practice. A BDI score between 13 and 19 points was the single independent variable associated with symptomatic HAND.

Investigação do suporte social e qualidade de vida em pacientes com câncer / Investigation on social support and life qualit y in patients suffering from cancer

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o suporte social e qualidade de vida (QV ) em pacientes oncológicos. Para tanto, participaram 68 pacientes diagnosticados com câncer, 85,3% mulheres e a idade variou entre 25 anos e 83 anos (M=55,4; DP=13,3). Esses pacientes responderam ao Questionário de Identificação, a Escala de Percepção de Suporte Social e o Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short - Form Health Survey (SF-36). Os resultados indicaram satisfação com o apoio social e boa QV. Quando comparados a outras amostras de diferentes pesquisas, os pacientes deste estudo demonstraram maior satisfação do suporte social e escores mais baixos de QV. Em relação à variável sexo, os resultados demonstraram maior satisfação com o suporte social pelos homens e na SF-36 maiores médias no domínio físico para as mulheres e saúde mental para os homens. Ressalta-se a importância de investigar o suporte social e QV nesses pacientes, visando diminuir os impactos causados pelo adoecimento.

Social and life quality in patients with cancer is investigated. Sixty-eight patients with cancer, comprising 85.3% females, aged between 25 and 83 years (M=55.4; DP=13.3), answered the Identification Questionnaire, Social Support Perception Scale and the Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short - Form Health Survey (SF-36). Results revealed satisfaction with social support and good life quality. When compared to other samples from different research works, current patients demonstrated a higher satisfaction rate in social support and low LQ scores. In the case of the variable gender, results showed higher satisfaction with social support in males and higher means in SF-36 in physical domain for females and mental health for males. It is greatly relevant to investigate the social support and LQ in these patients to decrease impacts caused by disease.

The Influence of Coinfection on Mood States in HTLV-1-Infected Patients.

The objective of this study was to discuss the influence of coinfection on mood states (depression and anxiety) in Human T Lymphotropic virus type 1 HTLV-1-infected patients. A cross-sectional study was performed with a sample obtained through a nonprobabilistic technique. A total of 130 patients in treatment at the HTLV Ambulatory of Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas participated in the research, of whom 63 had HAM/TS and 67 were asymptomatic. A sociodemographic survey and the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories were used. The results indicated a prevalence of 7.2% for HTLV-1/HIV co-infection, 7.2% for HTLV-1/HCV, and 4.0% for HTLV-1/HIV/HCV. It is possible that the presence of a co-infection causes greater fear and concern about the future than asymptomatic HTLV-1 infection, increasing the observed degree of depression and anxiety.

Personality assessment in chronic pain patients / Avaliação da personalidade em pacientes com dor crônica

Abstract In Brazil, studies investigating the personality characteristics of chronic pain patients are scarce. The present study aimed to evaluate the personality characteristics of patients with chronic pain and to compare them with those of patients without this condition. To this end, the Personality Disorders Dimensional Inventory and the Hypochondriasis scale of the Brazilian version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory were administered. Two different statistical analyses were carried out: the t - test to determine the differences between the scores for the two groups and the logistic regression analysis to examine the predictive power of the scales for the diagnosis of chronic pain. The results revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) among the Histrionic, Hypochondriasis, and Sadistic scales as predictors for the groups studied, with larger effect sizes on the Histrionic and Hypochondriasis scales. The authors suggest that the use of these scales in a clinical context may provide important information for health professionals.

Resumo No Brasil, estudos investigando as características da personalidade em pacientes com dor crônica são escassos. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi avaliar as características da personalidade em pacientes com dor crônica e compará-las com as de pessoas sem esse diagnóstico. Para tanto, foram aplicados o Inventário Dimensional de Transtornos da Personalidade e a Escala de Hipocondria da versão brasileira do Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Duas análises estatísticas distintas foram empregadas, sendo elas o teste t, para verificar diferenças entre as pontuações dos dois grupos, e a análise de regressão logística, para investigar a capacidade preditiva das escalas para o diagnóstico de dor crônica. Os resultados indicaram diferenças significativas (p < 0,05) nas escalas Histriônico, Hipocondria e Sádico como preditores dos grupos estabelecidos, com maiores magnitudes as escalas Histriônico e Hipocondria. Os autores sugerem que o uso das escalas para o contexto clínico pode agregar informações relevantes para o profissional.

Temperature stress effects in Quercus suber leaf metabolism.

Based on projections that climate changes are will intensify in the near future, it is important to understand how plants respond to climate. Consequently, we have been studying the effect of contrasting temperatures on leaf metabolism of Quercus suber, an important Mediterranean oak. Potted plants were grown under controlled conditions for 53 days at 28°C or 10°C. The accumulation of major soluble metabolites was analyzed by NMR. The relative levels of transcripts of genes encoding key enzymes of the shikimate and phenylpropanoid pathway (CS, PAL, CAD and ChS) were examined by means of quantitative, real-time RT-PCR. At 10°C, in the pre-existing leaves, the concentrations of sucrose, quercitol and catechin were higher, as were PAL and ChS transcripts. At 28°C, however, it was the concentration of quinic acid that was higher, as were the concentrations of CS and CAD transcripts. We conclude that contrasting temperatures greatly influence Q. suber metabolism and that a deeper analysis of the effects of more extreme temperatures is needed to understand the possible effects of temperature changes on Q. suber metabolism and physiology.

Prevalence of anxiety, depression and quality of life in HTLV-1 infected patients.

UNLABELLED: The HAM/TSP caused by HTLV-1 infection usually affects patients to disabling states, and sometimes can lead them to paraplegia presenting symptoms of depression and anxiety, impacting on quality of life. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of depression and anxiety and its impact on quality of life in HTLV-1-infected TSP/HAM patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study including 67 asymptomatic (control group) and 63 with TSP/HAM subjects. The instruments used were a demographic questionnaire, scales for anxiety and depression diagnosis (BDI and BAI), questionnaire for the assessment of Quality of Life of the World Health Organization (WHOQOL-Brief) and neurological scale to measure the disability level (Osame's Disability Status Scale). All patients had HTLV-I diagnosis by serological and molecular approaches, monitored at Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas from May 2008 to July 2009. Data were analyzed statistically by frequencies, the Mann-Whitney test and the Spearman correlation test. Data among groups were analyzed and correlated with functional and severity aspects. RESULTS: The results showed that patients with HAM/TSP compared to asymptomatic carriers had higher rates of depression (p < 0.001) and anxiety (p < 0.001), and impairment on quality of life in the areas of: dissatisfaction with health (p < 0.001), physical (p < 0.001) and the environment (p = 0.003). The main factors that correlated with levels of depression and anxiety and the domains of the WHOQOL-brief were: education, family income and social class. CONCLUSION: A well conducted evaluation and counseling may help in treatment, for a better quality of life of these patients.

Validade por Estrutura Interna da Escala para Avaliação de Tendência à Agressividade / Validity by Internal Structure of the Aggression Tendency Assessment Scale / Validez por Estructura Interna de la Escala para la Evaluación de la Tendencia a Agresividad

Resumo Após a construção de um instrumento, seu aprimoramento contínuo torna-se necessário. Neste contexto, assume relevância saber se a estrutura fatorial de um teste é mantida em outras amostras distintas da de padronização. Com isso, o presente estudo buscou evidências de validade baseadas na estrutura interna para a Escala para Avaliação de Tendência à Agressividade – EATA. Participaram do estudo 480 universitários de cursos nas áreas de Ciências Humanas (41,2%), Ciências Biológicas (41,2%) e Ciências Exatas (17,5%), de uma universidade do sul de Minas Gerais. A idade dos participantes variou de 18 a 55 anos, com média de 24 anos (DP = 6,31). Foi realizada uma análise fatorial confirmatória, usando o método de estimação maximum likelihood, sendo que o modelo testado não se apresentou apropriado para o conjunto de dados observados. A análise fatorial exploratória resultou em uma escala com 32 itens, com boas propriedades psicométricas, composta por subescala A com 18 itens (alfa de Cronbach = 0,83), subescala B com 6 itens (alfa de Cronbach = 0,75) e subescala C com 7 itens (alfa de Cronbach = 0,63). Nas duas análises não se confirmou a estrutura original e propõe se uma nova configuração dos itens do instrumento....(AU)

Abstract After the construction of an instrument, its continuous improvement becomes necessary. In this context, it is relevant to know whether the factor structure of a test is maintained in other samples. Hence, the aim of this study was to search for validity evidence based on internal structure for the Aggression Tendency Assessment Scale - EATA. 480 university students of courses in the areas of Human Sciences (41,2 %), Biological Sciences (41,2 %) and Exact Sciences (17,5 %), of a university in the south of Minas Gerais, Brazil, were studied. The participants age ranged from 18 to 55 years, with an average of 24 years (SD = 6.31). It was performed a confirmatory factor analysis, using the method of estimation maximum likelihood, showing that the tested model was not appropriate for the set of observed data. The exploratory factor analysis resulted in a scale with 32 items, subscale A with 18 items (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.83), subscale B with 6 items (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.75) and subscale C with 7 items (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.63). The original structure was not confirmed in none of the analyses and a new internal structure is proposed....(AU)

Resumen Después de la construcción de un instrumento, su mejora continua es necesaria. En este contexto, es relevante saber si la estructura factorial de una prueba se mantiene en otras muestras diferentes a la de estandarización. Con esto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo reunir evidencias de validez basadas en la estructura interna de la Escala para Evaluación de la Tendencia a la Agresividad - EATA. Los participantes del estudio fueron 480 estudiantes universitarios en las áreas de Ciencias Humanas (41,2%), Ciencias Biológicas (41,2%) y Ciencias Exactas (17,5%), de la Universidad del Sur de Minas Gerais. La edad de los participantes osciló entre 18 a 55 años, con una media de 24 años (DE = 6.31). Fue realizado un análisis factorial confirmatorio, utilizando el método de máxima verosimilitud de la estimación maximum likelihood, siendo que el modelo de prueba no reveló ser apropiado para el conjunto de datos observado. El análisis factorial exploratorio resultó en una escala con 32 ítems, compuesta por subescala A con 18 ítems (alfa de Cronbach = 0,83), subescala B con 6 ítems (alfa de Cronbach = 0, 75) y subescala C con 7 ítems (alfa de Cronbach = 0,63). En los dos análisis no se confirmó la estructura original y se propone para la muestra estudiada una nueva configuración de los itens del instrumento....(AU)

Estudo correlacional entre o HumanGuide e a bateria fatorial da personalidade / A correlational study of the humanGuide and the personality factor inventory / Estudo correlacional entre HumanGuide y la batería factorial de la personalidad

O presente artigo objetivou realizar um estudo exploratório por meio da correlação entre os oito fatores do HumanGuide (HG) e as facetas da Bateria Fatorial da Personalidade (BFP). Ambos os instrumentos avaliam a personalidade como construto, em que os fatores espelham semelhanças das características do perfil pessoal do indivíduo. Participaram deste estudo 78 equitadores profissionais, com idade entre 18 a 60 anos (M=36,06; DP=9,42). Por meio da análise correlacional com a BFP, foram encontradas 56 correlações estatisticamente significativas com magnitude baixa e moderada. O HG como instrumento informatizado, mostrou agilidade e economia no processo de avaliação.

This paper aimed to conduct an exploratory study based on the correlation between the eight factors of HumanGuide (HG) and the dimensions of the Factorial Personality Inventory (BFP). Both instruments evaluate personality as a construct, in which factors mirror the similarities of the individual’s own profile characteristics. The sample consisted of 78 professional horseback riders between the ages of 18 and 60 (M=36.06; SD=9.42). Through correlational analysis with the BFP, 56 statistically significant correlations with low and moderate magnitude were found. The HG, as an automated instrument, proved itself to be quick and economical in the evaluation process.

El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo realizar un estudio exploratorio por medio de la correlación entre los ochos factores del HumanGuide (HG) y las facetas de la Batería Factorial de la Personalidad (BFP). Ambos instrumentos evalúan la personalidad como constructo, donde los factores reflejan similitudes de los aspectos del perfil personal del individuo. 78 jinetes profesionales, de 18 a 60 años (M=36,06; DE=9,42) participaron del estudio. Por medio del análisis correlacional con la BFP, 56 correlaciones estadísticamente significativas fueron encontradas con baja a moderada magnitud. El HG como instrumento informatizado, mostró agilidad y economía en el proceso de evaluación.

Saúde mental, suporte familiar e adesão ao tratamento: associações no contexto HIV/Aids / Mental health, family support and treatment adherence: associations in the context of HIV/AIDS / Salud mental, soporte familiar y adhesión al tratamiento: asociaciones en el contexto VIH/Sida

A adesão dos pacientes ao tratamento antirretroviral tem sido um dos maiores desafios no contexto HIV/Aids. São muitos os fatores implicados, e este estudo buscou privilegiar os relativos à saúde mental e suporte familiar, investigando sua associação com a adesão. Para tanto, foram utilizados um questionário semiestruturado composto de informações sociodemográficas, clínicas e adesão, e os instrumentos Questionário de Saúde Geral de Goldberg (QSG) e Inventário de Percepção de Suporte Familiar (IPSF). A amostra foi composta por 73 pacientes com HIV/Aids, com idades entre 29 e 67 anos, em tratamento antirretroviral em um ambulatório de São Paulo. Os resultados apontaram índices significativos de adesão irregular aos antirretrovirais e de perfis sintomáticos para transtornos mentais nessa população. Foram encontradas correlações significativas entre adesão e o fator "desejo de morte" do QSG, e entre adesão e quase todos os fatores do IPSF, evidenciando a importância desses fatores na adesão ao tratamento...

The patient's adherence to the antiretroviral drug therapy has been one of the biggest challenges in the HIV/Aids context. Among the many implicated factors, this study sought to study the factors related to mental disorders and family support, investigating their association with the adhesion. For that matter, a semi-structured questionnaire composed by social-demographic, clinical and adherence information was applied. The Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the Perceived Family Support Inventory (PFSI) were also used. The sample was composed by73 HIV/Aids patients in antiretroviral therapy, aged between 29 and 67 years old on health service in São Paulo. The results point at significant indicators of irregular adherence to the antiretroviral therapy and of symptomatic profiles of mental disorders in this population. A considerable correlation between adherence and the "death wish" factor of GHQ were found, and also between adherence and almost all the PFSI factors, demonstrating the importance of these factors in therapy adherence...

La adhesión de los pacientes al tratamiento antirretroviral es uno de los mayores desafíos en el contexto VIH/Sida. En este estudio han sido privilegiados e investigados los factores relativos a la salud mental y soporte familiar. Para esto, se aplicó un cuestionario semiestructurado compuesto por informaciones sociodemográficas, clínicas y de adhesión, y los instrumentos Cuestionario de Salud General de Goldberg (QSG) e Inventario de Percepción de Soporte Familiar (IPSF). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 73 pacientes con VIH/Sida, entre 29 y 67 años, en tratamiento antirretroviral en un ambulatorio de São Paulo. Los resultados mostraron indicios significativos de adhesión irregular a los antirretrovirales y de perfiles sintomáticos para trastornos mentales en esta población. Se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre adhesión y el factor "deseo de muerte" del QSG, y entre adhesión y prácticamente todos los factores del IPSF, mostrando la importancia de estos factores en la adhesión al tratamiento...

Tradução e adaptação cultural do Index of Premature Ejaculation (IPE) para o português do Brasil / Translation and cultural adaptation of the Index of Premature Ejaculation (IPE) to Brazilian Portuguese / Traducción y adaptación cultural del Index of Premature Ejaculation (IPE) al portugués de Brasil

O presente estudo traduziu e adaptou o Index of Premature Ejaculation (IPE) para o português do Brasil, por método de equivalência semântica. O IPE é uma escala em autorrelato composta por 10 itens que avaliam critérios como senso de controle, satisfação sexual e sofrimento. Compuseram esse processo 11 profissionais qualificados para tal método e uma amostra de 50 participantes para avaliação quanto à inteligibilidade. As etapas foram: tradução, retrotradução, avaliação da equivalência semântica, crítica final por especialistas e pré-teste da versão. Os resultados para avaliação da equivalência apresentaram concordância significativa entre os juízes. Essa avaliação classificou os itens como inalterados ou pouco alterados. A crítica final por especialista avaliou qualitativamente as divergências e consolidou a versão aplicada na amostra. Após essa aplicação, algumas sugestões foram incorporadas e constituíram a versão final. Os resultados foram satisfatórios na compreensão da linguagem empregada. Para essa versão, conservou-se o nome em inglês, acrescido ao final de "adaptação brasileira".

The present study translated and adapted the Index of Premature Ejaculation (IPE) into Brazilian Portuguese, by the method of semantic equivalence. The IPE is a self-report scale composed by 10 items that assesses criteria such as sense of control, sexual satisfaction and distress. This process was composed by 11 professionals qualified for such method and a sample of 50 participants for the evaluation of intelligibility. The stages were translation, back-translation, assessment of semantic equivalence, final critique by experts and version pre-test. The results for the assessment of semantic equivalence presented significant agreement among the judges. This assessment classified the items as unchanged or slightly changed. The final critique by experts evaluated qualitatively the divergences and consolidated the version applied in the sample. After this application, some suggestions were incorporated and these constituted the final version. The results were satisfactory in the comprehension of the adopted language. For this version, the name was kept in English and "Brazilian Adaptation" was added to the end.

El presente estudio tradujo y adaptó el Index of Premature Ejaculation (IPE) para el portugués de Brasil, por método de equivalencia semántica. El IPE es una escala de autoinforme compuesta por 10 ítems que evalúan criterios como sentido de control, satisfacción sexual y sufrimiento. Participaron de ese proceso 11 profesionales calificados para tal método y una muestra de 50 participantes para evaluación con referencia a la inteligibilidad. Las etapas fueron traducción, retrotraducción, evaluación de la equivalencia semántica, crítica final por expertos y pretest de la versión. Los resultados para la evaluación de la equivalencia presentaron concordancia significativa entre los jueces. Esa evaluación clasificó los ítems como inalterados o poco alterados. La crítica final por expertos evaluó cualitativamente las divergencias y consolidó la versión aplicada en la muestra. Después de esa aplicación, algunas sugerencias fueron incorporadas y se constituyó la versión final. Los resultados fueron satisfactorios en la comprensión del lenguaje empleado. Para esa versión se conservó el nombre en inglés, añadiéndose al final "adaptación brasileña".

Evidências de validade da versão brasileira da escala de autoeficácia sexual: função erétil / Validity evidences of Brazilian version of sexual self-efficacy: erectile function

Para contribuir com o desenvolvimento de instrumentos que avaliam as disfunções sexuais, o presente estudo buscou por evidências de validade baseadas na estrutura interna e nas relações com outras variáveis para a versão brasileira traduzida e adaptada da Escala de Autoeficácia Sexual - Função Erétil (SSES-E). Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo em prontuários de arquivo permanente com aplicações realizadas em homens com queixas de disfunção erétil e ejaculação rápida de idades entre 18 e 62 anos. Os resultados indicaram a possibilidade de duas dimensões, denominadas de obtenção da ereção e manutenção da ereção. Tanto o instrumento quanto as dimensões foram capazes de discriminar importantes características da amostra a respeito das queixas primária e secundária, tipo de dificuldade eretiva e satisfação com o relacionamento sexual. Qualificam-se esses resultados como evidências de validade para SSES-E, além de destacar-se sua importância como um instrumento útil na avaliação de questões específicas da sexualidade, como a função sexual.

This current study has searched for evidences of validity based on the internal structure and the relations to other variables for the translated and adapted Brazilian version of the Sexual Self-Efficacy Scale - Erectile Function (SSES-E), which contributes to the development of instruments for the evaluation of sexual dysfunctions. This study is also related to the retrospective study of permanent files of medical reports about application on men complaining of erectile dysfunction and rapid ejaculation with ages between 18 and 62. The results have indicated the possibility of two dimensions, designated as achieving and maintaining erection. Not only the instruments but also the dimensions were able to discriminate important characteristics of the samples about the primary and secondary complaints, types of erectile difficulties and satisfaction with the sexual relationship. These results are qualified as evidences of validity on SSES-E, also important as being a useful instrument when evaluating specific questions about sexuality, like sexual functioning.

Evidências de validade entre o STAXI e o PFT / Validity evidences between STAXI and PFT

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar as correlações entre frustração e raiva para buscar evidências de validade baseadas na relação com outras variáveis entre o Teste de Frustração de Rosenzweig - PFT - e o Inventário de Raiva como traço-estado - STAXI, na área da saúde. Participaram da pesquisa 75 universitárias, do curso de Enfermagem de uma faculdade privada no interior de São Paulo. As respostas com direção extrapunitiva mostraram magnitude moderada para correlação significativa com estado de raiva e magnitude baixa com traço e temperamento de raiva. As respostas do tipo reação com dominância do obstáculo se correlacionaram significativamente com estado de raiva. Conclui-se existir evidências de validade baseadas na relação com outras variáveis entre os dois instrumentos, porém considera-se importante que novos estudos, com amostras maiores, sejam realizados e se utilizem de outros instrumentos para ampliar os dados de validade.

The aim of this study was to verify the validity evidence based on relations to other variables between Rosenzweig Picture Frustration Test - PFT and State Trait Anger Inventory - STAXI. 75 female participants were nursing students from a private college in São Paulo. Extra punitive answers showed moderate magnitude to significant correlation to anger state and low to anger trait and temper. Obstacle dominance correlated significantly to anger state. In conclusion, convergent validity evidences between these tests were found; whereas it is important that new studies are conducted with larger samples and other instruments should be applied due to enlarge validity data.