The biological effects of geomagnetic field exhibit an important potential for cancer and vascular diseases.

Xu et al. recently demonstrated that cryptochrome 4 (CRY4) protein, as a light-dependent magnetic receptor, can sense geomagnetic fields to guide night-migratory songbirds' navigation and evolution by the formation of composite radical pairs and electron transport. We aim to comment on CRY4 through radical pairs and electron transport for magnetic sensitive in night-migratory songbirds' migration and evolution. Additionally, we find that the role of magnetic fields is deeply concerning to the scientific community and very enlightening for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and vascular disease. We believe that this commentary makes a significant contribution to the literature because it elaborates on the importance of the geomagnetic field to night-migratory songbirds and extends the diagnostic and therapeutic value to cancer and vascular disease.

Platelet-derived respiratory-competent mitochondria transfer to mesenchymal stem cells to promote wound healing via metabolic reprogramming.

Mitochondria regulate intracellular metabolism and are also involved in intercellular transfer in vitro and in vivo, thereby affecting the function of adjacent cells. Mitochondria can also be transferred to various differentiated cells to improve their respiratory function, ATP production, as well as protect damaged cells from apoptosis. Both in vivo and in vitro, mitochondria can be transferred from one cell to another to regulate cellular metabolism under physiological or pathophysiological conditions, referred to as "mitochondrial translocation". Mitochondrial translocation is associated in various situations such as repairing damaged cells, promoting cancer progression and enhancing chemoresistance. Platelets contain mitochondria that promote energy metabolism and various growth factors, thus playing an important role in pathophysiological processes such as thrombosis, hemostasis, inflammation and wound healing. Current studies suggest that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can communicate with their microenvironment through bidirectional alternation of mitochondria to improve their wound healing capacity. Platelets or platelet-containing preparations such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can stimulate the proliferation and pro-angiogenic properties of MSCs under oxidative stress to enhance their survival. Recent studies by Levoux et al. have shown that activated platelet-derived mitochondria have the respiratory capacity to translocate to MSCs and stimulate the pro-angiogenic properties of MSCs through metabolic reprogramming, thereby promoting angiogenesis and wound healing. The mechanism of mitochondrial internalization of cells and energy metabolism is a new example of mitochondrial translocation altering somatic cell behavior and viability. Therefore, we aim to comment the mechanisms of platelet mitochondrial translocation and metabolic reprogramming of MSCs, suggesting that platelets or platelet-containing preparations such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may provide a practical guide for tissue injury treatment.

Prognostic nomogram to predict the overall survival of patients with early-onset colorectal cancer: a population-based analysis.

PURPOSE: The present study aimed to identify independent clinicopathological and socio-economic prognostic factors associated with overall survival of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) patients and then establish and validate a prognostic nomogram for patients with EO-CRC. METHODS: Eligible patients with EO-CRC diagnosed from 2010 to 2017 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Patients were randomly divided into a training cohort and a testing cohort. Independent prognostic factors were obtained using univariate and multivariate Cox analyses and were used to establish a nomogram for predicting 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS). The discriminative ability and calibration of the nomogram were assessed using C-index values, AUC values, and calibration plots. RESULTS: In total, 5585 patients with EO-CRC were involved in the study. Based on the univariate and multivariate analyses, 15 independent prognostic factors were assembled into the nomogram to predict 3- and 5-year OS. The nomogram showed favorable discriminatory ability as indicated by the C-index (0.840, 95% CI 0.827-0.850), and the 3- and 5-year AUC values (0.868 and 0.84869 respectively). Calibration plots indicated optimal agreement between the nomogram-predicted survival and the actual observed survival. The results remained reproducible in the testing cohort. The C-index of the nomogram was higher than that of the TNM staging system (0.840 vs 0.804, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A novel prognostic nomogram for EO-CRC patients based on independent clinicopathological and socio-economic factors was developed, which was superior to the TNM staging system. The nomogram could facilitate postoperative individual prognosis prediction and clinical decision-making.

[Genetic analysis of the nonstructural gene (NS1) of H9N2 avian influenza viruses isolated in China].

The nonstructural genes (NS1) of nine H9N2 subtype avian influenza viruses isolated from diseased chickens on different farms during 1998-2005 were amplified by RT-PCR and completely sequenced. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of NS1 genes of these isolates were compared. The results showed that NS1 genes of all H9N2 isolates contained 654 bp and encoded 217 amino acids. The homologies of the nucleotide and deduced amino sequences of the isolates were 95.4%-99.8% and 93.6%-100%, respectively. Comparison of the amino acid sequences of NS1 proteins of these isolates with other H9N2 viruses demonstrated that NS1 proteins of the nine strains had a deletion of 13 amino acid residues at the carboxyl terminus, which may be the molecule mark of the isolates in mainland China. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the NS1 genes of these isolates fell into the same lineage and belonged to allele A. Eight out of nine isolates belonged to the CK/SH/F/98-like lineage while only Ck/HN/A3/98 strain belonged to the Ck/HK/Y280/97-like linease. All the isolates were derived from Ck/BJ/1/94 strain which was the first isolate is mainland China in 1994. The results indicated that H9N2 subtype AIV appeared differentiation following the passage of time and the viruses belonging to Ck/SH/F/98-like acquired an epidemic spread advantage in chicken population in mainland China.