Molecularly imprinted 3D SERS sensor with inorganic frameworks for specific and recyclable SERS sensing application.

Poor selectivity and reusability of Au/Ag nanostructures are the main challenges for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) in real sample detection. Herein, a novel specific and reusable three-dimensional (3D) SERS sensor with dual functions of selective trapping and photocatalytic degradation was designed. Firstly, Au-Ag bimetallic nanoparticles decorated silicon nanowires array (SiNWs-AuAg) were prepared as 3D SERS substrate. Then, silicon-based inorganic-framework molecularly imprinted TiO2 (TiO2@SiMIP) was synthesized and immobilized on SiNWs-AuAg by using rhodamine 6G (R6G) as template molecule. Owing to the excellent SERS performance of SiNWs-AuAg and the specific affinity of TiO2@SiMIP to template molecule, the prepared SERS sensor enables sensitive and selective detection of R6G in food samples with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.27 nM. In addition, due to the photocatalysis of TiO2 and the stability of silicon-based inorganic framework, the residual templates in TiO2@SiMIP can be completely removed by UV irradiation, and the imprinted cavity of regenerated sensors still maintained good selectivity after regeneration by UV irradiation.

What is nursing professionalism? a concept analysis.

BACKGROUND: Nursing professionalism plays an important role in clinical nursing. However, a clear conceptual understanding of nursing professionalism is lacking. METHOD: Walker and Avant's strategy was used to analyse the concept of nursing professionalism. We searched electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL, for studies published from 1965 to 2021. Quantitative or qualitative studies published in English that focused on nursing professionalism were included in the study. RESULTS: The three attributes of nursing professionalism are multidimensional, dynamic, and culture oriented. Based on the analysis, nursing professionalism is defined as providing individuals care based on the principles of professionalism, caring, and altruism. CONCLUSIONS: This study offers a theoretical definition and conceptual model of nursing professionalism that may be applied to develop standardized assessment tools or nursing professionalism training programs.

Effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people living with dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

We summarize the evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people living with dementia(PlwD). A literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and clinicaltrials.gov. Up to August 20, 2022. Six studies met our eligibility criteria. Light therapy, the therapeutic pet-type robotic seal(PRAO), and slow-stroke back massage(SSBM) are non-pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in PlwD.PARO increased night-time sleep duration (p < 0.05). The benefit of SSBM for sleep disturbances in PlwD is unclear (p > 0.05). Although there is a lack of evidence for the effect of light therapy on sleep disturbances in PlwD (p > 0.05), light therapy reduced sleep disturbance (SMD = -0.38; 95% CI:1.25, 0.48), increased sleep efficiency (MD = 3.77; 95% CI:-0.23, 7.78), and also reduced depression (MD = -2.49; 95% CI: -2.92, -2.06). More large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed and consider combining multiple non-pharmacological measures for sleep interventions in PlwD.

Simple and sensitive nitric oxide biosensor based on the electrocatalysis of horseradish peroxidase on AuNPs@metal-organic framework composite-modified electrode.

Fe-based metal-organic framework (MIL-101(Fe)) was synthesized through a simple solvothermal synthesis and then used to prepare the AuNPs-decorated MIL-101(Fe) nanocomposite (APPPM(Fe)) by a multi-step layer-by-layer assembly process. Benefited from the porous structure of MIL-101(Fe) and the multilayer assemble process, the loading amount of AuNPs on APPPM(Fe) was enhanced and exhibited a fine biocompatible interface and high conductivity. Through the intense Au-S bond, high loading amount of horseradish peroxidase was immobilized on APPPM(Fe) and the native bioactivity of HRP was kept to realize its direct electrochemistry. From the electrochemical kinetics, the constructed biosensor displayed fast electron transfer and good electrocatalysis activity for the detection of nitric oxide (NO) with wide linear range from 0.033 to 5370 µM and a low detection limit of 0.01 µM (3 σ) as well as fine stability, reproducibility and specificity. According to results of real sample analysis, the proposed electrochemical biosensor offers fast and simple detection of NO in real serum. Therefore, the present strategy definitely provided a potential application prospect in NO clinic detection and disease therapy.

A capillary-based SERS sensor for ultrasensitive and selective detection of Hg2+ by amalgamation with Au@4-MBA@Ag core-shell nanoparticles.

A capillary-based SERS sensor was fabricated for ultrasensitive and selective detection of Hg2+ in water. Au@Ag core-shell NPs embedded with 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) (Au@4-MBA@Ag) were prepared by a seed growth method and fixed on the inner wall of the glass capillary to obtain the sensor. Owing to the amalgamation between Ag and Hg, the capillary-based SERS sensor can specifically recognize the reduced Hg2+ without any recognition element, and the resulted Ag/Hg amalgam can weaken the SERS activity of Ag shell; thus, the SERS intensity of the embedded 4-MBA at 1075 cm-1 gradually decreased with the increase of Hg2+ concentration. Under the optimum condition, the fabricated sensor can sensitively determine Hg2+ in water with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.03 nM. The capillary-based SERS sensor offers the advantages of simple preparation, superior stability, and high selectivity, which is promising for rapid and on-site detection of Hg2+ in water combined with a portable Raman device.

Automated discrimination between digs and dust particles on optical surfaces with dark-field scattering microscopy.

To make the surface defects evaluation system (SDES) of fine flat optics more effective and reliable, the point-like defects on the surface are divided into two categories: digs and dust particles. Since only the digs are the real damages that should be sent for further investigation, the false signals associated with dust particles should be distinguished and removed. Dark-field scattering microscopy and pattern recognition methodology are combined to classify digs and dust particles. The SDES is employed for dark-field image acquisition of optical samples. Gray scale, texture, and morphology analyses are then conducted on each image to extract raw feature data, which are compressed with the principal component analysis. Based on the compressed feature data, the support vector machine is used to construct the classification model. The success discrimination rates are 96.56% for the training set and 93.90% for the prediction set. The classification results are presented to show the potential of this method to be used for practical digs and dust particles discrimination on the actual optical samples.

Positive effects of parent-child group emotional regulation and resilience training on nonsuicidal self-injury behavior in adolescents: a quasi-experimental study.

Background: Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents is a growing global concern. However, effective interventions for treating NSSI are limited. Method: A 36-week quasi-experimental study design of parent-child group resilience training (intervention group) for adolescents aged 12-17 years was used and compared with treatment-as-usual (control group). The primary endpoint was the frequency of NSSI assessed with the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory (OSI), and the secondary endpoints were the levels of depression, hope, resilience, and family adaptability and cohesion as assessed by the 24-item Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD-24), Herth Hope Scale (HHS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale, second edition (FACES-II-CV), respectively. Result: A total of 118 participants completed the trial. Both groups showed a significant reduction in NSSI frequency after 12, 24, and 36 weeks of intervention (p< 0.05), although the intervention group did not differ significantly from the control group. After 12, 24, and 36 weeks of intervention, the CD-RISC, HHS, HAMD-24, and FACES-II-CV scores in the intervention and control groups improved over baseline (p< 0.05). Furthermore, the intervention group had higher scores on the CD-RISC, HHS, and FACES-II-CV and lower scores on the HAMD-24 than the control group after 12, 24, and 36 weeks of intervention (p  < 0.05). Conclusion: Parent-child group emotional regulation and resilience training showed promise as treatment options for NSSI among adolescents, leading to increased hope, resilience, and improved family dynamics among NSSI teens. Moreover, NSSI frequency significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to baseline.

An accuracy improved ratiometric SERS sensor for rhodamine 6G in chili powder using a metal-organic framework support.

Internal standard molecule 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) embedded Au core-Ag shell nanorods (Au-MBA@Ag NRs) were prepared by a seed-mediated growth method, then loaded on octahedral MIL-88B-NH2 to obtain a novel ratiometric SERS substrate of Au-MBA@Ag NRs/PSS/MIL-88B-NH2 (AMAPM) for detecting rhodamine 6G (R6G) in chili powder. The porous structure and excellent adsorption ability of MIL-88B-NH2, allowed for increased loading of Au-MBA@Ag NRs, thereby shortening the distance between adsorbed R6G and the "hot spot" resulting from local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Au-MBA@Ag NRs. Based on the SERS characteristic peak ratio of R6G to 4-MBA, the ratiometric SERS substrate displayed improved accuracy and excellent performance for R6G detection, with a wide linear range of 5-320 nM and a low detection limit of 2.29 nM as well as fine stability, reproducibility and specificity. The proposed ratiometric SERS substrate offered a simple, fast and sensitive sensing strategy for R6G detection in chili powder, which demonstrated potential applications in food safety and the analysis of trace analytes in complex matrices.

Chinese nurses' self-expression media image during COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative media image analysis.

AIM: To explore and describe nurses' self-expression media image during COVID-19 pandemic in China. BACKGROUND: Nurses play an important role in COVID-19 pandemic. Although nurses were widely reported by the media, which included praise for nurses and nursing work, the researches on how nurses expressed their self-images were limited. DESIGN: Qualitative media analysis. METHODS: Qualitative media analysis was conducted from January to April 2020, the researchers collected images and texts of 16 Chinese nurses who take care of COVID-19 patients. These images and texts were published on WeChat Moments by themselves. After analysed each image and text, researchers identified the denotative and connotative elements in each image and summarized each image in narrative way. FINDINGS: This study analysed 219 pictures and 15 short videos of 16 nurses' self-expression in WeChat moments. In this study, the media image self-expression of nurses were mostly positive. The images expressed by nurses in this study included care image; hero image; soldier image; female image; hope image and team image. Nurses rarely showed negative images in the media; The negative nurses image were expressed in hidden way, which included exhausted nurses image and fragile nurses image. Moreover, the nurse self-expression media image emphasized the nursing professionalism, but less showed the nursing connotation. CONCLUSIONS: The positive media image self-expression of nurses should be encouraged. Nurse Managers should pay attention to the deficiency of nursing image expression and guide nurses to show the essence and connotation of nursing.

Effects of 4-nonylphenol isomers on cell receptors and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in mouse Sertoli TM4 cells.

In the present study, experiments were performed to investigate the effects of nonylphenol (NP) isomers (4-[1,2, 4-trimethylhexyl]-phenol (NP41), 4-[1,2, 5-trimethylhexyl]-phenol (NP42)) on Sertoli TM4 cells. NP41 decreased mRNA expression levels of androgen receptor and toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 in 20-40µM (P<0.05), and increased mRNA levels of estrogen receptor (ER)-α and progesterone receptor in 1-40µM (P<0.05). NP42 treatment only evoked significant decrease in mRNA expression levels of ER-α in 20-40µM (P<0.05). Similarly, NP41 (1-40µM) drastically increased the protein expression of ER-α, which was significantly decreased in 20-40µM NP42 groups (P<0.01). Both NP41 and NP42 showed no effect on the expression of ER-ß. Protein levels of follicle stimulating hormone receptor were increased significantly in high concentrations of NP41 (40µM) and NP42 (10-40µM) challenged cells. Furthermore, NP41 and NP42 showed various effects on the expression of junction-associated molecules and inhibin B secretion in TM4 cells. Additionally, activation of JNK1/2 pathway was induced by NP41 and NP42. However, ERK1/2 and p38 pathways were inhibited in TM4 cells exposed to low concentrations of NP41 (0.1-20µM) and NP42 (0.1-1µM), and high concentrations of NP41 (40µM) and NP42 (10-40µM) resulted in a return of p-ERK1/2 and p-p38 to control levels. We proposed that molecular mechanism of reproductive damage in Sertoli cells induced by NPs may be mediated by cell receptors and/or cell signaling pathways, and the effects may be related to the structure of NP isomer.