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BACKGROUND: The appearance of inhibitory antibodies against antihemophilic factors is one of the most serious complications related to hemophilia. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify variables and factors related to the development of inhibitory antibodies in a group of patients undergoing antihemophilic therapy in Colombia. METHODS: A case-control study in patients with hemophilia treated in Specialized Healthcare Provider Institutions (IPS-E) in 21 cities of Colombia of any age and with a diagnosis of inhibitory antibodies against factor VIII or IX during 2016. Four controls per case paired by age and type of hemophilia were used. Sociodemographic, clinical, and pharmacological variables were identified and analyzed. RESULTS: Seventeen patients with inhibitory antibodies and 68 controls with hemophilia were identified. The mean age was 28.3 ± 17.8 years. A total of 94.1% had hemophilia A, and 88.2% of the cases and 50.0% of the controls had severe hemophilia; 47.1% of the cases and 54.4% of the controls were receiving prophylaxis with coagulation factors. Multivariate analysis showed that having severe hemophilia (OR:17.0, 95%CI:1.32-219.60) and lack of knowledge of the coagulation factor with which the patient was treated before entering the care program in the IPS-E (OR:8.9, 95%CI:1.82-43.75) were significantly associated with a higher probability of developing inhibitory antibodies. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: Coagulation factors associated with the development of inhibitory antibodies were severe hemophilia and lack of knowledge of the type of factor used prior to entering the follow-up cohort.
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Abstract Objective: To determine the prescription patterns of antiarrhythmic drugs and variables associated with their use in a population of patients affiliated with the Colombian Health System. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on a population database with patients who received antiarrhythmics from March to May 2016. Sociodemographic, pharmacological and comedication variables were included. SPSS-24 was used for data analysis using X2 tests and multivariate analyses. Results: In total, 2772 patients were treated with antiarrhythmics in the evaluated period. The mean age was 70.1 ± 13.1 years, and 51.2% were women. In total, 79.4% used a β-blocker, 58.5% amiodarone and 2.9% a calcium channel blocker. Moreover, 1192 (43.0%) patients were prescribed a single antiarrhythmic, and 1580 (57.0%) received two or more. There were 2603 patients (93.9%) with comedication, including lipid-lowering drugs (62.6%), inhibitors of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (62.6%) and antiplatelet drugs (42.0%). Age older than 65 years increased the probability of comedication (odds ratio [OR]: 2.48; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.59-3.85), and the risk was proportional to age. We identified 1364 patients treated with conditional risk medications for QT prolongation (49.2%), 68 with a possible risk (2.5%) and 171 (6.2%) with a known risk. Conclusion: Antiarrhythmic drugs recommended by clinical practice guidelines are mainly used; however, risk interactions interactions of QT prolongation were identified and should be taken into account by physicians to avoid adverse events or complications.
Resumen Objetivo: determinar los patrones de prescripción de fármacos antiarrítmicos y variables asociadas a su utilización en una población de pacientes afiliados al sistema de salud de Colombia. Métodos: estudio de corte transversal sobre una base de datos poblacional con pacientes que recibieron antiarrítmicos entre marzo y mayo de 2016. Se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas, farmacológicas y de comedicación. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó SPSS-24, realizando pruebas X2 y análisis multivariado. Resultados: se encontraron 2 772 pacientes en tratamiento con antiarrítmicos en el periodo evaluado, la edad promedio fue 70,1 ± 13,1 años, 51,2 % eran mujeres. El 79,4% utilizó algún β-bloqueador, 58,5% amiodarona y 2,9 % algún bloqueante de canales de calcio. Al 43 % se les prescribió un solo antiarrítmico y 57 % recibieron dos o más. El 93,9 % tenía con alguna comedicación, especialmente hipolipemiantes (62,6 %), inhibidores del sistema renina angiotensina aldosterona (62,6 %) y antiagregantes (42 %). Ser mayor de 65 años aumentó la probabilidad de comedicación (OR:2,48; IC95 %:1,59-3,85) y el riesgo fue proporcional al incremento de la edad. El 49,2 % (n=1364) estaban tratados con medicamentos de riesgo condicional de prolongación del QT, 2,5 % (n=68) con riesgo posible y 6,2% (n=171) de riesgo conocido. Conclusión: se están utilizando los mismos fármacos recomendados por las guías de práctica clínica; sin embargo, se encontraron interacciones de riesgo de prolongación del intervalo QT que deben ser tenidas en cuenta para evitar eventos o complicaciones en los pacientes.
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OBJECTIVE: There are limited studies in Latin America regarding the chronic consequences of the Chikungunya virus (CHIK), such as post-CHIK chronic inflammatory rheumatism (pCHIK-CIR). We assessed the largest cohort so far of pCHIK-CIR in Latin America, at the municipality of La Virginia, Risaralda, a new endemic area of CHIK in Colombia. METHODS: We conducted a cohort retrospective study in Colombia of 283 patients diagnosed with CHIK that persisted with pCHIK-CIR after a minimum of 6 weeks and up to a maximum of 26.1 weeks. pCHIK cases were identified according to validated criteria via telephone. RESULTS: Of the total CHIK-infected subjects, 152 (53.7%) reported persistent rheumatological symptoms (pCHIK-CIR). All of these patients reported joint pains (chronic polyarthralgia, pCHIK-CPA), 49.5% morning stiffness, 40.6% joint edema, and 16.6% joint redness. Of all patients, 19.4% required and attended for care prior to the current study assessment (1.4% consulting rheumatologists). Significant differences in the frequency were observed according to age groups and gender. Patients aged >40 years old required more medical attention (39.5%) than those ≤40 years-old (12.1%) (RR=4.748, 95%CI 2.550-8.840). CONCLUSIONS: According to our results, at least half of the patients with CHIK developed chronic rheumatologic sequelae, and from those with pCHIK-CPA, nearly half presented clinical symptoms consistent with inflammatory forms of the disease. These results support previous estimates obtained from pooled data of studies in La Reunion (France) and India and are consistent with the results published previously from other Colombian cohorts in Venadillo (Tolima) and Since (Sucre).