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1.
Brain Cogn ; 84(1): 26-33, 2014 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24270848

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) enables monitoring of blood flow velocities (BFVs) in basal cerebral arteries during different cognitive tasks performance with great temporal resolution. So far, BFVs changes during mental activity were monitored primarily in middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) and little is known about these changes in anterior cerebral arteries (ACAs). AIM: To determine the effect of different cognitive tasks performance on BFV changes and hemispheric dominance in ACAs and to assess the most suitable activation test for monitoring of BFV changes in ACAs. METHODS: Fourteen right-handed, healthy subjects aged 20-26 were included in the study. BFVs in both ACAs were recorded simultaneously during performance of cognitive tasks designed to activate frontal lobes: phonemic verbal fluency test (pVFT), Stroop tests and Trail Making Tests (TMTs). RESULTS: A statistically significant BFV increase was recorded in both ACAs during performance of all cognitive tasks. Statistically significant right ACA dominance was found during performance of pVFT and TMTB. The most significant BFV increase was obtained during performance of TMTB. CONCLUSION: Our result addressed cognitive tests with great activation potential for monitoring of ACAs that might be used in distinguishing of healthy individuals and patients with neurovascular or neurodegenerative diseases.


Assuntos
Artéria Cerebral Anterior/fisiologia , Cognição/fisiologia , Adulto , Velocidade do Fluxo Sanguíneo , Feminino , Lobo Frontal/fisiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Ultrassonografia Doppler Transcraniana , Adulto Jovem
2.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci ; 68(11): 795-803, 2014 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24735174

RESUMO

AIM: The aim of this study was to obtain temporal pattern and hemispheric dominance of blood flow velocity (BFV) changes and to assess suitability of different cognitive tasks for monitoring of BFV changes in the middle cerebral arteries (MCA). METHODS: BFV were recorded simultaneously in MCA during performance of phonemic verbal fluency test (pVFT), Trail Making Tests A and B (TMTA and TMTB) and Stroop tests in 14 healthy, right-handed volunteers aged 20-26 years. RESULTS: A significant increase of BFV in both MCA was obtained during performance of all cognitive tasks. Statistically significant lateralization was found during performance of Stroop test with incongruent stimuli, while TMTB was found to have the best activation potential for MCA. CONCLUSION: Our findings specify TMTB as the most suitable cognitive test for monitoring of BFV in MCA.


Assuntos
Velocidade do Fluxo Sanguíneo/fisiologia , Cognição/fisiologia , Artéria Cerebral Média/fisiologia , Desempenho Psicomotor/fisiologia , Feminino , Lateralidade Funcional/fisiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Adulto Jovem
3.
Rom J Intern Med ; 55(1): 19-22, 2017 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27622832

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Cardiac troponins have been found to be increased in other conditions apart from the cardiac diseases, such as stroke. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between elevated troponin I levels and stroke outcome. METHODS: This retrospective study included 198 acute ischemic stroke patients in whom troponin I levels have been obtained at admission. Exclusion criteria were concomitant acute coronary syndrome, congestive heart failure, pulmonary embolism, renal failure, rhabdomyolysis and septic conditions. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of deaths during hospitalization (p = 0.041) and modified Rankin Scale scores (p = 0.016) between the group of patients with elevated troponin I levels and the control group. Prior ischemic strokes were more common in the group with elevated troponin I levels (p = 0.032). No other differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that patients with elevated initial troponin I levels are associated with unfavorable outcome or death. Stroke may be associated with mild elevation of troponin levels, contrary to higher levels which are usually related to other conditions.


Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica/sangue , Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/sangue , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Troponina I/sangue , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores/sangue , Isquemia Encefálica/mortalidade , Croácia/epidemiologia , Feminino , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/mortalidade
4.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat ; 13: 483-490, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28243101

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was to determine the efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba extract in patients diagnosed with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). METHODS: A total of 90 patients (aged 67.1±8.0 years; 59 women) were randomly allocated (1:1:1) to receive G. biloba 120 mg, G. biloba 60 mg, or placebo during a 6-month period. Assessment was made for efficacy indicators, including neuropsychological tests scores (Sandoz Clinical Assessment Geriatric Scale, Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination, Mattis Dementia Rating Scale, and Clinical Global Impression) and transcranial Doppler ultrasound findings. Safety indicators included laboratory findings, reported adverse reactions, and clinical examination. RESULTS: At the end of 6-month study period, G. biloba 120 and 60 mg showed a statistically significant positive effect in comparison with placebo only on the Clinical Global Impression score (2.6±0.8 vs 3.1±0.7 vs 2.8±0.7, respectively; P=0.038). The Clinical Global Impression score showed a significant deterioration from the baseline values in the placebo group (-0.3±0.5; P=0.021) as opposed to G. biloba groups. No significant differences were found in the transcranial Doppler ultrasound findings. Adverse reactions were significantly more common and serious in the placebo group (16 subjects) than in either of the two G. biloba extract groups (eight and nine subjects, respectively), whereas laboratory findings and clinical examinations revealed no differences between the groups receiving G. biloba extract and placebo. CONCLUSION: According to our results, G. biloba seemed to slow down the cognitive deterioration in patients with VCI, but the effect was shown in only one of the four neuropsychological tests administered. However, because of this mild effect in combination with a few adverse reactions, we cannot say that it is ineffective or unsafe either. Further studies are still needed to provide unambiguous evidence on the efficacy and safety of G. biloba extract.

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