Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 32
Filtrar
Mais filtros

País/Região como assunto
Tipo de documento
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
J Environ Manage ; 370: 122713, 2024 Oct 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39368380

RESUMO

This study investigates the effectiveness of coagulation-flocculation and sedimentation (CFS) for separating microalgae, focusing on the use of various Moringa oleifera extracts as natural coagulants. We examined photobioreactor effluent (PBR) both with and without microplastic PVC (MP-PVC) contamination, referred to as PBR R2 and PBR R1, respectively. Utilising response surface methodology, we identified optimal conditions for the removal of microalgae and MP-PVC. Validation tests demonstrated that the aqueous extract of delipidated Moringa oleifera powder (AEDMOP) achieved high removal efficiencies, with coagulant dosages of 630 mg L-1 for PBR R1 and 625 mg L-1 for PBR R2. Both conditions showed microalgae removal efficiencies exceeding 83% for turbidity, colour, OD540 nm, OD680 nm, and OD750 nm, and 63% for OD254 nm. Interestingly, the optimised conditions for PBR R2 required slightly less coagulant, likely due to the additional particulate matter from MP-PVC. While extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) exhibited a marginal effect on flocculation, further investigation into their role in CFS is necessary. Our findings highlight the potential of AEDMOP for efficient microalgae separation, even in the presence of microplastics.

2.
Molecules ; 27(24)2022 Dec 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36557969

RESUMO

Breast cancer is the neoplasia of highest incidence in women worldwide. Docetaxel (DTX), a taxoid used to treat breast cancer, is a BCS-class-IV compound (low oral bioavailability, solubility and intestinal permeability). Nanotechnological strategies can improve chemotherapy effectiveness by promoting sustained release and reducing systemic toxicity. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) encapsulate hydrophobic drugs in their blend-of-lipids matrix, and imperfections prevent drug expulsion during storage. This work describes the preparation, by design of experiments (23 factorial design) of a novel NLC formulation containing copaiba oil (CO) as a functional excipient. The optimized formulation (NLCDTX) showed approximately 100% DTX encapsulation efficiency and was characterized by different techniques (DLS, NTA, TEM/FE-SEM, DSC and XRD) and was stable for 12 months of storage, at 25 °C. Incorporation into the NLC prolonged drug release for 54 h, compared to commercial DTX (10 h). In vitro cytotoxicity tests revealed the antiproliferative effect of CO and NLCDTX, by reducing the cell viability of breast cancer (4T1/MCF-7) and healthy (NIH-3T3) cells more than commercial DTX. NLCDTX thus emerges as a promising drug delivery system of remarkable anticancer effect, (strengthened by CO) and sustained release that, in clinics, may decrease systemic toxicity at lower DTX doses.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Neoplasias da Mama , Nanopartículas , Nanoestruturas , Óleos Voláteis , Feminino , Humanos , Docetaxel/farmacologia , Docetaxel/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Antineoplásicos/química , Preparações de Ação Retardada/uso terapêutico , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Nanoestruturas/química , Óleos Voláteis/uso terapêutico , Tamanho da Partícula , Nanopartículas/química
3.
Altern Lab Anim ; 49(4): 137-146, 2021 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34399588

RESUMO

Native human skin has been reported in the literature as being an important experimental model for studying skin biology. Studies performed by our group have shown that ex vivo skin, from elective plastic surgery, maintains the biological characteristics of native skin under specific culture conditions. As such, it might be a feasible model for the safety and efficacy testing of topical substances. While Brazil is at the forefront of global regulation implementation, Brazilian researchers are not always able to transfer certain widely used protocols to their laboratories, particularly protocols that involve the use of reconstructed tissues with limited viability, such as those for skin corrosion (OECD TG 431) and irritation testing (OECD TG 439). In this study, we investigated the applicability of the ex vivo skin model to the evaluation of irritation and corrosion potential of a number of proficiency substances described in TG 431 and TG 439. The skin fragments were standardised in size and diameter, and placed into cell culture inserts. The experimental protocol was conducted according to TG 431 and TG 439. The results obtained show that ex vivo skin could represent a promising tool for the evaluation of irritation and corrosion potential of substances (subject to inclusion and exclusion criteria), as recommended by OECD guidelines. While this is a proof-of-concept study, the use of ex vivo skin should be considered for such testing.


Assuntos
Irritantes , Testes de Irritação da Pele , Alternativas aos Testes com Animais , Animais , Corrosão , Humanos , Irritantes/toxicidade , Pele
4.
Molecules ; 26(22)2021 Nov 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34834022

RESUMO

Ideally, antineoplastic treatment aims to selectively eradicate cancer cells without causing systemic toxicity. A great number of antineoplastic agents (AAs) are available nowadays, with well-defined therapeutic protocols. The poor bioavailability, non-selective action, high systemic toxicity, and lack of effectiveness of most AAs have stimulated the search for novel chemotherapy protocols, including technological approaches that provide drug delivery systems (DDS) for gold standard medicines. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are DDS that contain a core of solid and lipid liquids stabilised by surfactants. NLC have high upload capacity for lipophilic drugs, such as the majority of AAs. These nanoparticles can be prepared with a diversity of biocompatible (synthetic or natural) lipid blends, administered by different routes and functionalised for targeting purposes. This review focused on the research carried out from 2000 to now, regarding NLC formulations for AAs (antimetabolites, antimitotics, alkylating agents, and antibiotics) encapsulation, with special emphasis on studies carried out in vivo. NLC systems for codelivery of AAs were also considered, as well as those for non-classical drugs and therapies (natural products and photosensitisers). NLC have emerged as powerful DDS to improve the bioavailability, targeting and efficacy of antineoplastics, while decreasing their toxic effect in the treatment of different types of cancer.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Portadores de Fármacos , Composição de Medicamentos , Lipídeos , Nanopartículas , Animais , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Disponibilidade Biológica , Portadores de Fármacos/síntese química , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Portadores de Fármacos/farmacocinética , Portadores de Fármacos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Lipídeos/síntese química , Lipídeos/química , Lipídeos/farmacocinética , Lipídeos/uso terapêutico , Nanopartículas/química , Nanopartículas/uso terapêutico , Tamanho da Partícula , Tensoativos/química
5.
Water Sci Technol ; 84(12): 3469-3488, 2021 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34928820

RESUMO

A DEWATS (decentralized wastewater treatment system) is an alternative for expanding sanitation. In Brazil, DEWATS is acknowledged by law and is part of the National Sanitation Plan strategy for achieving the treatment of 85.6% of all the generated wastewater by 2033, improving the current treatment index of 49%. This review's aim is to identify DEWATS studies in Brazil and to verify their potential for narrowing the national wastewater treatment deficit. Hence, aspects such as cost, maintenance, and efficiency were assessed. The archival research method (ARM) was used to identify papers published in the last 20 years through the scientific databases of Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science. Data regarding the general characteristics of each study were collected and compared to Brazilian environmental regulation and sanitation status. The results showed the evaluation of different technologies such as DEWATS, highlighting their flexibility and potential use in 79% of Brazilian counties. However, although 81% of the studies conducted performance analysis, none covered the main parameters required by Brazilian law. Although legal gaps for DEWATS improvement and consolidation have been identified and the interest in studying DEWATS has been increasing in the last five years, many barriers to their widespread use remain.


Assuntos
Águas Residuárias , Purificação da Água , Brasil , Pesquisa/tendências
6.
Water Sci Technol ; 80(8): 1505-1511, 2019 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31961813

RESUMO

Decentralized sanitary wastewater treatment has become a viable and sustainable alternative, especially for developing countries and small communities. Besides, effluents may present variations in chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total nitrogen values. This study describes the feasibility of using a pilot upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor to treat wastewater with different organic loads (COD), using black water (BW) and sanitary wastewater, in addition to its potential for preserving nutrients for later recovery and/or reuse. The UASB reactor was operated continuously for 95 weeks, with a hydraulic retention time of 3 days. In Phase 1, the reactor treated simulated BW and achieved 77% CODtotal removal. In Phase 2, treating only sanitary wastewater, the CODtotal removal efficiency was 60%. Phase 3 treated simulated BW again, and CODtotal removal efficiency was somewhat higher than in Phase 1, reaching 81%. In Phase 3, the removal of pathogens was also evaluated: the efficiency was 1.96 log for Escherichia coli and 2.13 log for total coliforms. The UASB reactor was able to withstand large variations in the organic loading rate (0.09-1.49 kg COD m-3 d-1), in continuous operation mode, maintaining a stable organic matter removal.


Assuntos
Esgotos , Purificação da Água , Anaerobiose , Reatores Biológicos , Projetos Piloto , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos
7.
Pharm Res ; 35(12): 229, 2018 Oct 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30306273

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Etidocaine (EDC) is a long lasting local anesthetic, which alleged toxicity has restricted its clinical use. Liposomes can prolong the analgesia time and reduce the toxicity of local anesthetics. Ionic gradient liposomes (IGL) have been proposed to increase the upload and prolong the drug release, from liposomes. METHODS: First, a HPLC method for EDC quantification was validated. Then, large unilamellar vesicles composed of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine:cholesterol with 250 mM (NH4)2SO4 - inside gradient - were prepared for the encapsulation of 0.5% EDC. Dynamic light scattering, nanotracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance were used to characterize: nanoparticles size, polydispersity, zeta potential, concentration, morphology and membrane fluidity. Release kinetics and in vitro cytotoxicity tests were also performed. RESULTS: IGLEDC showed average diameters of 172.3 ± 2.6 nm, low PDI (0.12 ± 0.01), mean particle concentration of 6.3 ± 0.5 × 1012/mL and negative zeta values (-10.2 ± 0.4 mV); parameters that remain stable during storage at 4°C. The formulation, with 40% encapsulation efficiency, induced the sustained release of EDC (ca. 24 h), while reducing its toxicity to human fibroblasts. CONCLUSION: A novel formulation is proposed for etidocaine that promotes sustained release and reduces its cytotoxicity. IGLEDC can come to be a tool to reintroduce etidocaine in clinical use.


Assuntos
Anestésicos Locais/administração & dosagem , Anestésicos Locais/toxicidade , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Preparações de Ação Retardada/química , Etidocaína/administração & dosagem , Etidocaína/toxicidade , Lipossomos/química , Anestésicos Locais/farmacocinética , Linhagem Celular , Colesterol/química , Liberação Controlada de Fármacos , Etidocaína/farmacocinética , Fibroblastos/citologia , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Íons/química , Fosfatidilcolinas/química
8.
Water Environ Res ; 90(12): 2100-2105, 2018 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30538018

RESUMO

Reuse of wastewater is a practice that has been employed all over the world, mainly in agriculture, where the main aim is to reduce the demand for water and provide nutrients. However, these waters for reuse often have excessive amounts of pathogenic microorganisms, requiring a specific disinfection step even after being subjected to a purification process. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the potential use of calcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite as disinfectant agents for the sanitary effluent of the treatment system based on constructed wetlands for later reuse. Disinfection tests were carried out in batch, using three dosages of hypochlorite (5, 10 and 15 mg.L-1) and different contact. In all disinfection tests, inactivation of indicator microorganisms (total coliforms and E. coli) was considered effective for the two disinfectant agents adopted, satisfying the criteria for reuse according to the World Health Organization (WHO). There was no formation of trihalomethanes after disinfection tests.


Assuntos
Reciclagem/métodos , População Rural , Águas Residuárias/química , Purificação da Água/métodos , Análise da Demanda Biológica de Oxigênio , Desinfecção , Halogenação , Hipoclorito de Sódio/química , Áreas Alagadas
9.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26301847

RESUMO

This research studied the sequential ozone and chlorine process with respect to, the inactivation of indicator bacteria and the formation of ozone disinfection byproducts in sanitary wastewater effluent. The applied ozone doses were 5, 8 and 10 mg.O3.L(-1), followed by chlorine doses of 10, 20 and 30 mg.L(-1), respectively. After the sequential ozone/chlorine process, the mean reduction in chemical oxygen demand ranged from 9 to 37%. Total coliform inactivation ranged from 1.59 to 3.73 log10, and E. coli was always <1 CFU 100 mL(-1). Ozonation resulted in the formation of aldehydes, which were not significantly impacted by the subsequent chlorine dose (P ≤ 0.05).


Assuntos
Cloro/farmacologia , Desinfecção/métodos , Ozônio/farmacologia , Esgotos , Anaerobiose , Análise da Demanda Biológica de Oxigênio , Brasil , Cloro/química , Escherichia coli/citologia , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Ozônio/química , Esgotos/química , Esgotos/microbiologia , Microbiologia da Água , Purificação da Água/métodos
10.
J Cosmet Dermatol ; 23(2): 510-524, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37658653

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The development of effective cosmetic products for the reduction of the signs of skin aging is a complex process which requires an optimized combination of ingredients and specialized systems to deliver the actives to the skin layers. AIM: To evaluate the tolerance and antiaging clinical efficacy of a cosmetic formulation containing a blend of nanoencapsulated antioxidants: ascorbyl palmitate, resveratrol, tocopherol, caffeine, carnosine, and niacinamide. METHODS: Clinical efficacy was determined by subjective and instrumental analyses of collagen synthesis by fluorescence spectroscopy, by three-dimensional imaging analysis of suborbital edema, and by analysis of skin hydration and sebum content by biophysical techniques-Corneometer® and Sebumeter®. RESULTS: The studied formulation was safe and effective for the improvement of skin appearance by increasing collagen synthesis and skin moisturizing and by reducing facial blemishes, swelling, and oiliness. A preclinical exploratory approach using an experimental model of human cell and skin cultures agreed with the observed antiaging effects, identifying mechanisms related to the containment of oxidative stress, reduction of melanin production, increased synthesis of type I procollagen, and regulation of the epidermal cohesion protein filaggrin. CONCLUSIONS: The skin benefits obtained resulted from the combination of the ingredients in the formulation and the nanoencapsulation-based delivery system, which favors the solubility, safety, efficacy, and bioavailability of the preparation to the skin.


Assuntos
Cosméticos , Envelhecimento da Pele , Humanos , Antioxidantes/química , Pele , Higiene da Pele , Cosméticos/farmacologia , Cosméticos/química , Colágeno/metabolismo
11.
PLoS One ; 18(12): e0295624, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38117795

RESUMO

Exploring alternative fertilizers is crucial in agriculture due to the cost and environmental impact of inorganic options. This study investigated the potential of sewage-derived biofertilizers on the growth and physiology of Amaranthus cruentus plants. Various treatments were compared, including control treatments with inorganic fertilizer and treatments with biofertilizers composed of microalgae, biosolids and reclaimed water. The following traits were investigated: photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange, growth, and leaf nutrient concentrations. The results showed that the concentrations of N, P, Cu, Fe Zn and Na nutrients, in the dry microalgae and biosolids, were quite high for the needs of the plants. The wet microalgae presented high concentration of Cu, Fe and Zn nutrients while reclaimed water contained high concentration of N, K, Ca and S. Na and Zn nutrients increased in the leaf of plants treated with dry microalgae and biosolid, respectively. At the beginning of the flowering phase, total chlorophyll and carotenoids contents were lower for plants grown with wet microalgae while for plants grown with higher doses of biosolid or reclaimed water total chlorophyll was increased, and carotenoids were not affected. Lower photosynthetic pigments under wet microalgae resulted in lower photosynthetic rates. On the other hand, amendments with dry microalgae and biosolid increased photosynthetic rates with the biosolid being the most effective. Higher applications of biosolid, wet and dry microalgae produced a considerable increase in shoot biomass of amaranth, with the dry microalgae being the most effective. Additionally, reclaimed water obtained after tertiary treatment of sewage with microalgae and biosolids applied alone showed promising effects on plant growth. Overall, these findings suggest that organic fertilizers derived from sewage treatment have the potential to enhance plant growth and contribute to sustainable agricultural practices.


Assuntos
Amaranthus , Purificação da Água , Esgotos , Biossólidos , Fertilizantes , Plantas , Minerais , Nutrientes , Água , Carotenoides , Clorofila
12.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel) ; 16(4)2023 Apr 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37111303

RESUMO

Unsuccessful anesthesia often occurs under an inflammatory tissue environment, making dentistry treatment extremely painful and challenging. Articaine (ATC) is a local anesthetic used at high (4%) concentrations. Since nanopharmaceutical formulations may improve the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs, we encapsulated ATC in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) aiming to increase the anesthetic effect on the inflamed tissue. Moreover, the lipid nanoparticles were prepared with natural lipids (copaiba (Copaifera langsdorffii) oil and avocado (Persia gratissima) butter) that added functional activity to the nanosystem. NLC-CO-A particles (~217 nm) showed an amorphous lipid core structure according to DSC and XDR. In an inflammatory pain model induced by λ-carrageenan in rats, NLC-CO-A improved (30%) the anesthetic efficacy and prolonged anesthesia (3 h) in relation to free ATC. In a PGE2-induced pain model, the natural lipid formulation significantly reduced (~20%) the mechanical pain when compared to synthetic lipid NLC. Opioid receptors were involved in the detected analgesia effect since their blockage resulted in pain restoration. The pharmacokinetic evaluation of the inflamed tissue showed that NLC-CO-A decreased tissue ATC elimination rate (ke) by half and doubled ATC's half-life. These results present NLC-CO-A as an innovative system to break the impasse of anesthesia failure in inflamed tissue by preventing ATC accelerated systemic removal by the inflammatory process and improving anesthesia by its association with copaiba oil.

13.
Int J Pharm ; 634: 122672, 2023 Mar 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36738810

RESUMO

Etidocaine (EDC) is a long-acting local anesthetic of the aminoamide family whose use was discontinued in 2008 for alleged toxicity issues. Ionic gradient liposomes (IGL) are nanostructured carriers for which an inner/outer gradient of ions increases drug upload. This work describes IGLEDC, a formulation optimized by Design of Experiments, composed of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine:cholesterol:EDC, and characterized by DLS, NTA, TEM/Cryo-TEM, DSC and 1H NMR. The optimized IGL showed significant encapsulation efficiency (41 %), good shelf stability (180 days) and evidence of EDC interaction with the lipid bilayer (as seen by DSC and 1H NMR results) that confirms its membrane permeation. In vitro (release kinetics and cytotoxicity) tests showed that the encapsulation of EDC into the IGL promoted sustained release for 24 h and decreased by 50 % the intrinsic toxicity of EDC to Schwann cells. In vivo IGLEDC decreased the toxicity of EDC to Caenorhabditis elegans by 25 % and extended its anesthetic effect by one hour, after infiltrative administration, at clinically used (0.5 %) concentration, in rats. Thus, this novel drug delivery system is a promise for the possible reintroduction of EDC in clinics, aiming at the control of operative and postoperative pain.


Assuntos
Anestesia , Lipossomos , Ratos , Animais , Lipossomos/química , Etidocaína , Anestésicos Locais , Íons/química
14.
Pharmaceutics ; 14(3)2022 Mar 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35335959

RESUMO

The oral administration of the anti-inflammatory indomethacin (INDO) causes severe gastrointestinal side effects, which are intensified in chronic inflammatory conditions when a continuous treatment is mandatory. The development of hybrid delivery systems associates the benefits of different (nano) carriers in a single system, designed to improve the efficacy and/or minimize the toxicity of drugs. This work describes the preparation of hybrid nanobeads composed of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) loading INDO (2%; w/v) and chitosan, coated by xanthan. NLC formulations were monitored in a long-term stability study (25 °C). After one year, they showed suitable physicochemical properties (size < 250 nm, polydispersity < 0.2, zeta potential of −30 mV and spherical morphology) and an INDO encapsulation efficiency of 99%. The hybrid (lipid-biopolymers) nanobeads exhibited excellent compatibility between the biomaterials, as revealed by structural and thermodynamic properties, monodisperse size distribution, desirable in vitro water uptake and prolonged in vitro INDO release (26 h). The in vivo safety of hybrid nanobeads was confirmed by the chicken embryo (CE) toxicity test, considering the embryos viability, weights of CE and annexes and changes in the biochemical markers. The results point out a safe gastro-resistant pharmaceutical form for further efficacy assays.

15.
Food Chem ; 394: 133503, 2022 Nov 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35728472

RESUMO

This study aimed to produce and characterized active biodegradable packages by extrusion of cassava starch, biodegradable polyester, plasticizer, and acai extract (EA 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4%) and to evaluate its effects on extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) for 120 days. All analyses were performed at the beginning (day 0) and the end of the experiment (day 120). The oil was characterized for acidity index (IA), peroxide index (IP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), conjugated dienes (CD), phenolic compounds (PC) and color parameters. The incorporation of EA at the initial time caused increased thickness, mechanical properties, solubility in water and oil in all formulations. The some values of properties increased or decreased, due to the interaction of the stored product and packaging. At the end of the storage period, the values of IA and IP were below the limits established by current legislation. The EVOO showed a gradual decrease in PC from day 1 to day 120, for all treatments.


Assuntos
Euterpe , Azeite de Oliva/análise , Fenóis/análise , Extratos Vegetais , Amido
16.
J Cosmet Dermatol ; 20(1): 360-365, 2021 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32433801

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Excessive androgenesis in the skin promotes sebaceous hyperproduction which is the onset of acne vulgaris pathogenesis. Free fatty acids and lipid accumulation in the glandular infundibulum culminates in microbiota imbalance, triggering inflammatory response and follicular hyperkeratinization. AIMS: The purpose of this work was to present an alternative cosmetic treatment for acne skin care, focusing on the prevention of sebaceous gland dysregulation. METHODS: Insulin-stimulated human sebocytes were treated with noncytotoxic concentrations of a DTRW cosmetic formulation. After 6 days of incubation, cell lysates were collected for testosterone, 5α-reductase, and dyhidrotestosterone (DHT) quantitation. In parallel, cells were stained with Oil Red O to measure sebum production. RESULTS: Human sebocytes were incubated with insulin to mimic a seborrheic microenvironment with overproduction of intracellular lipids and fatty acids. Concomitant incubation of cell cultures with DRTW was able to promote a 52.97% reduction in intracellular lipid content. The anti-androgenic properties of DRTW had been proved by the reductions of testosterone (↓59.90%), 5α reductase (↓59.34%), and DHT (↓55.98%) levels in sebocyte cultures also stimulated with insulin. CONCLUSION: The results indicate a promising action of DRTW cosmetic formulation in preventing the development of acne lesions by mechanisms involving the modulation of cutaneous androgenesis and consequently the control of sebum overproduction, considered one of the leading causes of acne.


Assuntos
Acne Vulgar , Sebo , Acne Vulgar/tratamento farmacológico , Androgênios , Humanos , Glândulas Sebáceas , Pele
17.
J Cosmet Dermatol ; 20(7): 2179-2189, 2021 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33179848

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Mechanisms involved in hair metabolism are diverse, and the availability of ingredients that normalize dysfunctions or mitigate the effects of extrinsic stress suffered daily is greatly desired by consumers to improve the aesthetic appearance of hair. AIMS: In this work, we carried out a preclinical exploratory approach to evaluate the effects of a complex of nanoencapsulated active ingredients (AcPi), as well as a cosmetic formulation containing AcPi (ShPi and HtPi) in mechanisms involving hair loss and follicular aging. METHODS: Human hair follicle dermal papilla cells and human scalp culture were treated with AcPi, ShPi, or HtPi and stimulated with UV radiation or testosterone for further measurement of mitochondrial biogenesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), ß-catenin, dyhidrotestosterone (DHT), collagen XVIIα1 (COL17A1), and cutaneous permeation. RESULTS: Our results demonstrated that AcPi prevents oxidative stress and balances mitochondial activity disturbed by exposure to UV radiation. AcPi also promoted an enrichment of WNT/ß-catenin signaling pathway, stimulating hair growth, and lengthening the anagen phase of hair cycle. ShPi and HtPi were able to prevent hair aging, minimizing the excessive degradation of COL17A1 in hair follicle exposed to UV radiation, in addition to controlling androgenic metabolism by reducing DHT production. CONCLUSION: The integral effects of AcPi have not been completely elucidated; however, these results, associated with clinical evidences, allow us to infer that this ingredient prevents follicular aging, miniaturization, and consequently hair loss by mechanisms involving energetic homeostasis maintenance, antioxidant, and anti-androgenic actions.


Assuntos
Folículo Piloso , Via de Sinalização Wnt , Envelhecimento , Alopecia/prevenção & controle , Folículo Piloso/metabolismo , Humanos , Células-Tronco/metabolismo , beta Catenina/metabolismo
18.
Int J Pharm ; 606: 120944, 2021 Sep 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34324985

RESUMO

Bupivacaine is the most employed local anesthetic in surgical procedures, worldwide. Its systemic toxicity has directed the synthesis of the less toxic, S(-) enantiomer. This work describes a formulation of ionic gradient liposomes (IGL) containing S75BVC, an enantiomeric excess mixture of 75% S(-) and 25% R(+) bupivacaine. IGL prepared with 250 mM (NH4)2SO4 in the inner aqueous core of phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol (3:2 mol%) vesicles plus 0.5% S75BVC showed average sizes of 312.5 ± 4.5 nm, low polydispersity (PDI < 0.18), negative zeta potentials (-14.2 ± 0.2 mV) and were stable for 360 days. The encapsulation efficiency achieved with IGLS75BVC (%EE = 38.6%) was higher than with IGL prepared with racemic bupivacaine (IGLRBVC, %EE = 28.3%). TEM images revealed spherical vesicles and µDSC analysis provided evidence on the interaction of the anesthetic with the lipid bilayer. Then, in vitro - release kinetics and cytotoxicity- and in vivo - toxic effects in Zebrafish and biochemical/histopathological analysis plus analgesia in Wistar rats - tests were performed. IGLS75BVC exhibited negligible toxicity against Schwann cells and Zebrafish larvae, and it did not affect biochemical markers or the morphology of rat tissues (heart, brain, cerebellum, sciatic nerve). The in vitro release of S75BVC from IGL was extended from 4 to 24 h, justifying the prolonged anesthetic effect measured in rats (~9 h). The advantages of IGLS75BVC formulation over IGLRBVC and plain bupivacaine formulations (prolonged anesthesia, preferential sensorial blockade, and no toxicity) confirm its potential for clinical use in surgical anesthesia.


Assuntos
Anestesia , Bupivacaína , Anestésicos Locais/toxicidade , Animais , Bupivacaína/toxicidade , Lipossomos , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Peixe-Zebra
19.
Water Environ Res ; 91(9): 898-905, 2019 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31004526

RESUMO

The scarcity of natural resources supports the perspective of reusing treated effluents, mainly in agriculture, where the reduction in the demand of drinking water and the provision of alternative sources for nutrients are important. However, the process of disinfection, essential to the protection of human health, generates deleterious by-products to both humans and the environment. This research aimed to evaluate the use of ozone as a disinfectant for wastewater treated by anaerobic/aerobic baffled reactor for later agricultural reuse. Disinfection tests were conducted by applying ozone, in batch, with applied dosages of 5, 8, and 10 mg O3 /L and contact time of 7 min. All the tests led to formaldehyde formation, therefore within the standard suggested by the World Health Organization. For the indicators total coliforms and Escherichia coli, the ozone was considered effective, satisfying the criteria for agricultural reuse according to the World Health Organization of a dosage of 8 mg O3 /L. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Proposal of decentralized system (anaerobic/aerobic baffled reactor + ozone disinfection) for effluent treatment for agricultural reuse. Formation of formaldehyde dependent on applied ozone dose. Demand of ozone consumed preferentially for the formation of by-products, with low removal of COD. High formaldehyde formation (high ozone demand) can impair the inactivation of pathogens. System promotes effluent that meets the standards established by the World Health Organization (WHO) for agricultural reuse.


Assuntos
Ozônio , Purificação da Água , Anaerobiose , Desinfecção , Formaldeído , Humanos , Microbiologia da Água
20.
Water Environ Res ; 91(12): 1678-1691, 2019 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31251422

RESUMO

In order to assist with the management of water resources, this study aimed to calibrate the water quality model "Ottocoded Critical Basins Analysis" (ABaCO) in a section of the Lambari River, located in the city of Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and it is considered qualitatively critical by the "National Water Agency" (ANA). The calibration results, obtained automatically by the Microsoft Excel® tool Solver, showed good adjustments between the simulated and observed concentrations for the following parameters: total nitrogen, organic phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus, and total phosphorus, considering a visual interpretation of the graphics. The other calibrated parameters (BOD, DO, organic nitrogen, ammoniacal nitrogen, and nitrate) obtained satisfactory adjustments. When evaluating the results by coefficient of determination, it was observed that all parameters showed negative values to one or more field campaigns. However, the calibrated values of the parameters can be incorporated into the model to obtain a first view of the river's qualitative situation, aiming to plan, control, and protect water resources to assist in decision-making and to favor performance of intervention analyses of environmental control measures. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Calibration of water quality model in a section of a river located in Brazil considered qualitatively critical; The calibration occurred automatically and manually, when it was necessary, in an Excel® spreadsheet, generated from the water quality model; The automation process was performed by the Excel® Solver tool through the objective function; Through visual interpretation, it was noticed that the calibrated parameters were well adjusted to the data observed in the field; Sensitivity analysis showed that the studied parameters did not show significant differences in relation to the values calibrated for parameters.


Assuntos
Poluentes Químicos da Água , Qualidade da Água , Brasil , Calibragem , Cidades , Monitoramento Ambiental , Rios
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA